Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall / Chambers Street (New York City Subway)

Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall / Chambers Street
 
New York City Subway rapid transit station complex

Municipal Building entrance
Station statistics
Borough Manhattan
Locale Civic Center
Coordinates 40°42′46″N 74°0′17″W / 40.71278°N 74.00472°W / 40.71278; -74.00472Coordinates: 40°42′46″N 74°0′17″W / 40.71278°N 74.00472°W / 40.71278; -74.00472
Division A (IRT), B (BMT)
Line       IRT Lexington Avenue Line
      BMT Nassau Street Line
Services       4  (all times)
      5  (all except late nights)
      6  (all times) <6> (weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction)
      J  (all times)
      Z  (rush hours, peak direction)
Transit connections NYCT Bus: M9, M22, M103
MTA Bus: BM1, BM2, BM3, BM4, QM7, QM8
Structure Underground
Other information
Opened 1914 (1914)
Traffic
Passengers (2015) 10,481,576 (station complex)[1] Decrease 4.2%
Rank 29 out of 422

Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall / Chambers Street is a New York City Subway station complex in Lower Manhattan. The complex is served by trains of the IRT Lexington Avenue Line and the BMT Nassau Street Line. The following services stop at this station:

BMT Nassau Street Line platforms

Chambers Street
New York City Subway rapid transit station

Northbound platform. On the right is the unused middle platform and downtown platform.
Station statistics
Division B (BMT)
Line       BMT Nassau Street Line
Services       J  (all times)
      Z  (rush hours, peak direction)
Structure Underground
Platforms 3 island platforms (2 active), 2 side platforms (1 walled up; 1 disused)
Tracks 4
Other information
Opened August 4, 1913 (1913-08-04)[2]
Station succession

Preceding station   New York City Subway   Following station
toward Broad Street
BMT Nassau Street Line
J  Z 
Chambers Street Subway Station (Dual System BMT)
MPS New York City Subway System MPS
NRHP Reference # 05000669[3]
Added to NRHP July 6, 2005

Chambers Street on the BMT Nassau Street Line is located at the intersection of Centre and Chambers Streets beneath the Manhattan Municipal Building. The station has four tracks, three island platforms, and one side platform (originally two).

Description

The southbound platform is slightly higher at the southern end of the station because the next stop south, Fulton Street, is bi-level with the southbound platform being above the northern one. The two "express" tracks, currently unused in regular revenue service, merge into a single tail track south of the station. The tail track is 620 feet long from the switch points to the bumper block, where an emergency exit is available.

North of this station, there are two stub tracks, which end behind the now-closed Queens-bound side platform.[4][5] These tracks were formerly connected to the Manhattan Bridge, until they were disconnected in 1967 as part of the Chrystie Street Connection and reconnected to the BMT Broadway Line.

Also north of this station, the former southbound express track (now the northbound track) splits into two tracks just south of Canal Street: the former northbound local track, and the former southbound express track (the current northbound track).

Ceramic tile with Brooklyn Bridge

The tile work on this station includes a depiction of the nearby Brooklyn Bridge that suffers from an interesting gaffe: it features the parallel up-down cables between the main cable and the roadway (as seen alone on most suspension bridges) but misses the second set of diagonal cables that radiate from the bridge to the roadway (as seen on cable-stayed bridges).

History

Original plan of Chambers Street station (1908)

This was one of the earliest BMT subway stations opened in New York City, built at a time when Lower Manhattan was the city's principal business district. It was designed to be the BMT's Manhattan hub, with trains arriving from Brooklyn in both directions, and terminating here. Originally, trains arrived from the north via either the Williamsburg Bridge or the Manhattan Bridge. The connection to the Montague Street Tunnel had not yet been completed.

The Nassau Street Loop was completed in 1931, making Chambers Street a through station south to the Montague Street Tunnel to Brooklyn. At this point, the center island platform and two side platforms were closed. The west side platform was walled up and partly demolished when Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line was rebuilt on the other side of the wall in 1960–62.

The loop configuration permitted trains arriving in either direction from the BMT Fourth Avenue Line in Brooklyn to pass through Chambers Street and return to Fourth Avenue without having to reverse direction. A track connection to the Brooklyn Bridge, which would have made a similar loop through the Williamsburg Bridge, was planned in the station's design, but never built. (See BMT Brooklyn Loops.)

Although altered over the years to account for changing ridership patterns, the station has not been renovated. In a 2003 poll, it was voted the ugliest station in the system.[6]

When it was being built before World War I, Chambers Street was envisioned as a City Hall terminal, a kind of downtown Grand Central Terminal at a time when the business and population center of the city was still closer to the southern end of the island. Three years after it opened, its four wide platforms were so overcrowded that one newspaper article described them as "more dangerous during the rush hours than at the Grand Central or the Fourteenth Street Stations."[6]

But by the mid-1920s, the subway itself was pushing the city's population north and leaving Chambers Street behind. By as early as the 1930s, in fact, the station's ridership had dropped off so steeply that half of it was closed. By the 1950s, many of the city's business interests had shifted to Midtown. The Chrystie Street Connection, completed in 1967, severed the Nassau line's connection to the Manhattan Bridge, so that the bridge tracks could connect instead to the uptown IND Sixth Avenue Line. The tracks heading towards the Manhattan Bridge (now used for train storage) are visible from northbound trains leaving Chambers Street.

The tail track south of the station was the site of an R42 crash into the bumper block on the lower level relay track on November 6, 2007. The train was operating on the M when it crashed.[7]

In popular culture

Image gallery

IRT Lexington Avenue Line platforms

Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall
 
New York City Subway rapid transit station

Uptown island platform
Station statistics
Address Park Row & Centre Street
New York, NY 10007
Division A (IRT)
Line       IRT Lexington Avenue Line
Services       4  (all times)
      5  (all except late nights)
      6  (all times) <6> (weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction)
Structure Underground
Platforms 2 island platforms (in service)
cross-platform interchange
2 side platforms (abandoned)
Tracks 4
Other information
Opened October 27, 1904 (1904-10-27)[9]
Accessible (transfer to Chambers Street is not accessible)
Former/other names Brooklyn Bridge
Brooklyn Bridge – Worth Street
Station succession
Next north Canal Street (local): 4  6  <6>
14th Street – Union Square (express): 4  5 
Worth Street (local; closed): no regular service
Next south Fulton Street: 4  5 
(Terminal): 6  <6>
City Hall (local; closed): no regular service
Next north Canal Street (local): 4  6  <6>
Grand Central – 42nd Street (express): 4  5 
Next south Fulton Street: 4  5 
none: 6  <6>
Brooklyn Bridge-City Hall Subway Station (IRT)
MPS New York City Subway System MPS
NRHP Reference # 05000674[3]
Added to NRHP July 6, 2005

Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall is an express station on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line which is located on Park Row at the Manhattan end of the Brooklyn Bridge. This is the southern terminal for the 6 train, which turns via the City Hall Loop to head back uptown.

Just north of the station are crossovers that allow trains to switch between the local and express tracks, which allow Lexington Avenue local trains to continue south via the express tracks if necessary (rather than using the City Hall loop). Due to the closure of City Hall station in 1945, Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall (which had simply been Brooklyn Bridge) became the southernmost station on normal Lexington Avenue local service.

South of the station, the downtown local track splits into three tracks. The westernmost track loops around to the northbound local track through City Hall station. The other two are layup tracks parallel to the downtown express track. Until the 1960s, they merged into the downtown express track north of Fulton Street, but now they end at bumper blocks a little north of Fulton Street, and are occasionally used for train storage.

The station has been renovated, with new tile and ADA-accessible elevator access. It is the zero point for the IRT East Side chain; mile 0 is at the south end of the station.

The Brooklyn Bridge station has a number of closed off areas as construction and service patterns have required changes to be made to the station. In addition to the two island platforms, there are two short side platforms on the outer edges of the station. Like those on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line at 14th Street – Union Square and on the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line at 96th Street, these side platforms were built to accommodate extra passenger volume and were built to the five-car length of the original IRT local trains. These platforms did not see much use as they were located at express stations, which allows cross-platform interchanges via the island platforms. When trains were lengthened to their current ten-car length, it was impractical to lengthen both these side platforms and the island platforms. They were closed in 1910 after only six years in operation and walled off along the platform edges.

The side platform on the southbound side is now home to some electrical equipment and a backup control tower for the Brooklyn Bridge interlocking, just north of the station. The tower is functional but not normally used, because the Grand Central – 42nd Street tower is the primary control point for the whole line. The interlocking board can be seen through a window along the wall along the southbound local trackway. The south end of the downtown side platform is still visible near the dispatcher's booth on the downtown island platform.

There are also some closed portions at the south ends of the existing express platforms. During the station lengthening projects it was easier to lengthen the express platform to the north. The curves at the south end proved impossible to rework so the station was lengthened northward (allowing Worth Street to be closed), and the curved southern ends of the express platform closed. Gap fillers and original mosaic tiles remain in the closed ends.

Artwork includes a 1996 work by Mark Gibian titled Cable Crossing.

After Worth Street station closed, the Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall station was known as Brooklyn Bridge – Worth Street. The name was reverted to Brooklyn Bridge – City Hall in 1995.

Image gallery

Station layout

G Street Level Exit/ Entrance
M Mezzanine Fare control, station agents
(Elevator on west side of Centre Street south of Chambers Street)
P
Nassau Street Line Platform		 Side platform, not in service
Northbound ← ( PM rush hours) toward Jamaica Center – Parsons/Archer (Canal Street)
Island platform, doors will open on the left
Northbound boarding ← No regular service
Island platform, not in service
Southbound termination → No regular service
Island platform, doors will open on the left
Southbound through → ( AM rush hours) toward Broad Street (Fulton Street) →
Side platform, not in service, mostly demolished
P
Lexington Avenue Line Platform		 Side platform, not in service
Northbound local ← ( rush hours) boarding passengers only toward Pelham Bay Park (Canal Street)
← toward Parkchester rush hours and middays (Canal Street)
Island platform, doors will open on the left, right
Northbound express ← toward Woodlawn (14th Street – Union Square all except nights; Canal Street late nights)
← toward Nereid Avenue PM rush hours, Eastchester – Dyre Avenue all times (14th Street – Union Square)
Southbound express → toward Utica Avenue (New Lots Avenue late nights and rush hours) (Fulton Street) →
→ toward Flatbush Avenue – Brooklyn College weekdays, Bowling Green weekends (Fulton Street) →
Island platform, doors will open on the left, right
Southbound local → termination track →
(No service: City Hall)
Side platform, not in service

References

  1. ↑ "Facts and Figures: Annual Subway Ridership". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
  2. ↑ New York Times, Passenger Killed on Loop's First Day, August 5, 1913, page 2
  3. 1 2 "NPS Focus". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. Retrieved December 23, 2011.
  4. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V69X72HAZ1g The provisions for 2 tracks are clearly visible towards the right at the 3:11 mark, just after the train leaves the Chambers Street station.
  5. ↑ http://ltvsquad.com/2005/07/04/marginalized/
  6. 1 2 Kennedy, Randy (13 May 2003). "TUNNEL VISION; They're Subway Experts. Take Their Word on What's Ugly.". New York Times (New York). Retrieved 21 April 2015. But eventually they came to settle on the Chambers Street station beneath the Municipal Building as the clear winner in their 2003 subway station ugly contest.
  7. ↑ Metropolitan Transportation Authority (New York), M Train Incident at Chambers Street, November 6, 2007
  8. ↑ Chuck Katz, Manhattan on Film: Walking Tours of Hollywood's Fabled Front Lot'' (Limelight, 1995), p. 298-99.
  9. ↑ New York Times, Our Subway Open: 150,000 Try It, October 28, 1904

Further reading

External links

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