Crookston, Minnesota

Crookston is the episcopal seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Crookston. Since Crookston is close to the larger city of Grand Forks, North Dakota, many people who live in Crookston commute to jobs in the Grand Forks area.

History

Early history

The area in which Crookston is located was virtually unoccupied during pre-European contact and remained little more than a hunting ground associated with the Pembina settlements until the 1860s. The land in the immediate vicinity of Crookston is not connected with any verifiable Native American or European historic events or circumstances until transfer in the Treaties of Old Crossing in 1863-64. Prior to that time, the territory now included in Crookston was technically a part of Rupert's Land and Assiniboia before becoming part of the United States as a result of the boundary settlement in the Treaty of 1818.

The area in which Crookston is located was traversed by trappers and traders including Ojibwa and Lakota Indians, Métis, and other mixed-race people as well as white men between 1790 and 1870. A branch of the Red River Trails passed nearby; it was used by fur traders between the 1840s and 1870s.

Settlement

The present day site of Crookston first saw settlement by non-Indian people around 1872. It was the site of a federal land office by 1876 and sited on a portion of the Great Northern Railway which began operations prior to 1880. The town was incorporated on April 1, 1879 as "Queen City". By the end of that year, the town boasted a jail, graded streets, and a few plank sidewalks. Soon, it was decided that the town needed a new name. Two factions emerged that supported two different names. One group wished to honor the town's first mayor, Captain Ellerey C. Davis, by renaming "Queen City" to "Davis." Another group picked the name Crookston to honor Colonel William Crooks, a soldier and railroad builder. The present day name was reportedly chosen by means of a coin toss.

Soon, immigrants from Scandinavia and Germany began populating Crookston. At one point, eight different railroad lines reached Crookston and the town became a center of commerce and manufacturing.

Recent history

Crookston has not seen a major period of population growth for quite some time and the economy has suffered from increased competition from nearby Grand Forks, North Dakota. In what has been a socioeconomic marker of sorts in the US, a Wal-Mart opened in Crookston in 2007.

Geography

Crookston sits in the fertile Red River Valley, once a part of glacial Lake Agassiz. As Lake Agassiz receded, it left behind rich mineral deposits. This made the area around Crookston prime for agricultural uses. Grains such as wheat and other crops, including sugar beets and potatoes grow well in the area around Crookston.

Crookston has a relatively flat landscape. The Red Lake River flows through the city and makes several twists and turns (oxbows). Crookston has experienced some erosion of the riverbank. A recent minor landslide has led the city to seek a permanent solution to such problems.

U.S. Highway 2, U.S. Highway 75, Minnesota Highway 102, and Minnesota Highway 9 are four of the main routes in the community.

Crookston is the northern terminus of the Agassiz Recreational Trail, a 53-mile multi-use trail built on an abandoned railroad grade which has its southern terminus at Ulen.^[8] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.15 square miles (13.34 km²), all of it land.^[1]

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1880	1,227		—
1890	3,457		181.7%
1900	5,359		55.0%
1910	7,559		41.1%
1920	6,825		−9.7%
1930	6,321		−7.4%
1940	7,161		13.3%
1950	7,352		2.7%
1960	8,546		16.2%
1970	8,312		−2.7%
1980	8,628		3.8%
1990	8,119		−5.9%
2000	8,192		0.9%
2010	7,891		−3.7%
Est. 2014	7,920	^[9]	0.4%
U.S. Decennial Census^[10] 2014 Estimate^[3]

2010 census

As of the census^[2] of 2010, there were 7,891 people, 3,109 households, and 1,743 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,532.2 inhabitants per square mile (591.6/km²). There were 3,303 housing units at an average density of 641.4 per square mile (247.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.2% White, 1.4% African American, 1.7% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 2.8% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.0% of the population.

There were 3,109 households of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.3% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.9% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.97.

The median age in the city was 35.1 years. 22.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 16.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.5% were from 25 to 44; 25% were from 45 to 64; and 15.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.4% male and 50.6% female.

2000 census

As of the census^[4] of 2000, there were 8,192 people, 3,078 households, and 1,819 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,658.8 people per square mile (640.3/km²). There were 3,382 housing units at an average density of 684.8 per square mile (264.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.5% White, 0.50% African American, 1.54% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 4.64% from other races, and 1.56% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.18% of the population.

There were 3,078 households, of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.5% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.9% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.10.

In the city the age distribution of the population shows 24.2% under the age of 18, 14.9% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,609, and the median income for a family was $44,157. Males had a median income of $30,564 versus $21,021 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,219. About 7.5% of families and 12.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Crookston is the location of the University of Minnesota, Crookston (a campus of the University of Minnesota system). It began as an agricultural high school before becoming a two-year college and then a four-year university. On January 30, 2010, the Crookston Sports Center was dedicated.

Crookston is home to Crookston High School, home of the Pirates. Students from neighboring towns of Euclid, Gentilly, and Mentor attend Crookston High. The school district (#593) enrolls about 1,600 students in K-12. Before the new high school was built in 1997, students attended Central High School located in downtown Crookston. Central High School had been in operation since 1913.

Private elementary schools include: Cathedral Elementary – Catholic (formerly Mt. Saint Benedict high school), Our Savior's – Lutheran, and Bible Baptist – Baptist.

Media

KROX 1260 AM is Crookston's only local radio station. The local newspaper is the Crookston Daily Times.

Culture

Crookston is home to the Grand Theater, the oldest continuously operating movie theater in the United States.^[11] It was originally an opera house and played host to legendary entertainers including author Mark Twain, Harry Houdini, and early film actress Mary Pickford.

Notable people

Dan Anderson, professional basketball player, was born in Crookston in 1943.
Joseph H. Ball, U.S. senator from Minnesota from 1940 to 1949, was born in Crookston in 1905.
Ronald N. Davies, judge of the United States District Court for the District of North Dakota, 1955–1985, was born in Crookston in 1904.
Leroy E. Matson, Minnesota Supreme Court justice
John Noah, ice hockey player who won a silver medal at the 1952 Winter Olympics, was born in Crookston in 1927.^[12]
Milton Orville Thompson, NASA astronaut and research scientist, was born in Crookston in 1926.
Wes Westrum played minor league baseball in Crookston for the Crookston Pirates. A boyhood resident of nearby Clearbrook, he later went on to star for the New York Giants.
Ed Widseth attended the Northwest School of Agriculture, now University of Minnesota, Crookston, before he went on to play football for the Minnesota Golden Gophers and won the NCAA national championship in 1933, 1934, and 1935. He was drafted in the first round of the 1937 NFL Draft (4th overall) by the New York Giants and played for four seasons.

References

1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-11-13.
1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-11-13.
1 2 "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
↑ "2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File". American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
↑ Dokken, Brad (December 24, 2009), "Construction begins on Agassiz trail bridges", Northland Outdoors, retrieved March 1, 2011
↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". Census.gov. Retrieved May 26, 2013.
↑ Grand Theater details, wdaz.com; accessed September 13, 2015.
↑ "John Noah". Sports Reference. Retrieved December 2013.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Crookston, Minnesota.

Municipalities and communities of Polk County, Minnesota, United States

County seat: Crookston

Cities	Beltrami Climax Crookston East Grand Forks Erskine Fertile Fisher Fosston Gully Lengby McIntosh Mentor Nielsville Trail Winger

Townships	Andover Angus Badger Belgium Brandsvold Brandt Brislet Bygland Chester Columbia Crookston Eden Esther Euclid Fairfax Fanny Farley Fisher Garden Garfield Gentilly Godfrey Grand Forks Grove Park-Tilden Gully Hammond Helgeland Higdem Hill River Hubbard Huntsville Johnson Kertsonville Keystone King Knute Lessor Liberty Lowell Nesbit Northland Onstad Parnell Queen Reis Rhinehart Roome Rosebud Russia Sandsville Scandia Sletten Sullivan Tabor Tynsid Vineland Winger Woodside

Unincorporated communities	Cisco Dugdale Eldred Euclid Key West Mallory Maple Bay Shirley

Indian reservation	Red Lake Indian Reservation‡

Footnotes	‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties

Greater Grand Forks Metropolitan Area (ND-MN)

Counties	Grand Forks Polk

Main cities	Grand Forks† East Grand Forks

Surrounding areas	Beltrami Climax Crookston† Emerado Erskine Fertile Fisher Fosston Gilby Grand Forks AFB Gully Inkster Larimore Lengby Manvel McIntosh Mentor Niagara Nielsville Northwood Reynolds Thompson Trail Winger

† - county seat

State of Minnesota

Saint Paul (capital)

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Regions	Arrowhead Boundary Waters Buffalo Ridge Central Coteau des Prairies Dissected Till Plains Driftless Area Iron Range Minnesota River Valley North Shore Northwest Angle North Woods Pipestone Red River Valley Siouxland Southeast Twin Cities metropolitan area

Largest cities pop. over 25,000	Andover Apple Valley Blaine Bloomington Brooklyn Center Brooklyn Park Burnsville Coon Rapids Cottage Grove Duluth Eagan Eden Prairie Edina Fridley Inver Grove Heights Lakeville Mankato Maple Grove Maplewood Minneapolis Minnetonka Moorhead Oakdale Owatonna Plymouth Prior Lake Ramsey Richfield Rochester Roseville St. Cloud St. Louis Park Saint Paul Savage Shakopee Shoreview Winona Woodbury

Counties	Aitkin Anoka Becker Beltrami Benton Big Stone Blue Earth Brown Carlton Carver Cass Chippewa Chisago Clay Clearwater Cook Cottonwood Crow Wing Dakota Dodge Douglas Faribault Fillmore Freeborn Goodhue Grant Hennepin Houston Hubbard Isanti Itasca Jackson Kanabec Kandiyohi Kittson Koochiching Lac qui Parle Lake Lake of the Woods Le Sueur Lincoln Lyon Mahnomen Marshall Martin McLeod Meeker Mille Lacs Morrison Mower Murray Nicollet Nobles Norman Olmsted Otter Tail Pennington Pine Pipestone Polk Pope Ramsey Red Lake Redwood Renville Rice Rock Roseau Saint Louis Scott Sherburne Sibley Stearns Steele Stevens Swift Todd Traverse Wabasha Wadena Waseca Washington Watonwan Wilkin Winona Wright Yellow Medicine

Coordinates: 47°46′27″N 96°36′29″W / 47.77417°N 96.60806°W / 47.77417; -96.60806

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