Defence Research and Development Canada

Defence Research and Development Canada
Recherche and développement pour la défense Canada
Agency overview
Formed April 1947
Preceding Agency
  • National Research Council of Canada
Type military science and technology research
Jurisdiction Government of Canada
Headquarters Ottawa, Ontario
Employees 1,400
Agency executive
  • Dr. Marc Fortin[1], Chief Executive Officer and Assistant
    Deputy Minister (Science and Technology)
Parent department Department of National Defence
Key document
Website www.drdc-rddc.gc.ca

Defence Research and Development Canada, also DRDC (Recherche & développement pour la défense Canada, or RDDC in French), is an agency of the Department of National Defence (DND), whose purpose is to provide the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), other government departments, and public safety and national security communities with the knowledge and technology needed to defend and protect Canada’s interests at home and abroad.

DRDC has approximately 1,400 employees across eight research centres within Canada. [2]

DRDC's History

During the Second World War the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) conducted wartime research for the Department of National Defence and its military arms, the Royal Canadian Navy, the Royal Canadian Air Force and the Canadian Army. Among their many projects was a program of radar system development that expanded to become quite extensive.

With the end of the war looming, the NCR's director, C.J. McKenzie, was adamant that the NRC return to civilian research. This left the issue of how to continue military research, and led directly to the formation of the Defence Research Board (DRB) in April 1947 to coordinate the department's research and development activities. A number of NRC labs were handed to the DRB who also took over direction of several existing military labs. The DRB then went on to open several new labs as well, as well as take over direction of several existing military labs.

The unification of the three services into the Canadian Forces (CF) in 1968 saw DRB evolve, becoming the Research and Development Branch of the CF by 1974. The Research and Development Branch was reorganized on 1 April 2000 when it became an agency within DND called Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC).

Research Centres

DRDC, Atlantic Research Centre

Located in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, the Research Centre conducts research and development activities related to the maritime defence and security domains, but also to the air and land environments. The Atlantic Research Centre traces its formation to 1944 when it was established as the Defence Research Establishment Atlantic (DREA) by the Royal Canadian Navy. DREA was one of the originating organizations that came together in 1947 to form the Defense Research Board which later became DRDC.

The Centre provides expertise in the following areas:

The Atlantic centre also operates two materials laboratories in the CFB Halifax and Esquimalt Dockyards, which provide scientific consulting and troubleshooting services to the Canadian Armed Forces (primarily the Royal Canadian Navy) on chemical, metallurgical and engineering problems that affect the operational capability of military vehicles and equipment.

DRDC, Valcartier Research Centre

Founded in 1945 as the Canadian Armament Research and Development Establishment (CARDE), it became Defence Research Establishment Valcartier (DREV) in the early 1970s, and finally DRDC Valcartier (RDDC Valcartier in French) on 1 April 2000. VRC research and development activities to support the operational needs of the Canadian Armed Forces in defence and security.

The Centre provides expertise in the following areas:

Located just outside CFB Valcartier, it is the largest of the research centres.

DRDC, Ottawa Research Centre

Originally known as the Defence Research Establishment Ottawa (DREO). DRDC Ottawa is located near Shirleys Bay in the west end of Ottawa. DRDC, Ottawa Research Centre develops technologies in support of the following domains:

DRDC, Toronto Research Centre

The Toronto Research Centre conducts research and development activities to enhance the effectiveness and ensure the health and safety of military personnel in operational environments. The Centre also houses the Canadian Forces Environmental Medicine Establishment, which supports the operational needs of the Canadian Armed Forces through research, tests and evaluations as well as training in undersea and aerospace environments. The Research Centre provides expertise in the following areas:

Research examples

DRDC, Suffield Research Centre

Located in Alberta, the Suffield Research Centre was originally made up of various Defence Operational Research directorates (DLOR for Land, DMOR for Maritime, DAOR for Air, DStratA for Strategic, etc.). The Suffield Research Centre is a Canadian centre of excellence for chemical and biological defence and has research programs in blast, casualty management, and autonomous systems. The centre’ work feeds into the combined national effort to keep Canada and the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) safe from the devastating consequences chemical (C), biological (B), radiological (R), nuclear (N), and explosive (E) threats could have on human health, the environment, and major infrastructure.

DRDC operations in Suffield include two unique national assets: Experimental Proving Ground (EPG) and the Counter Terrorism and Technology Centre (CTTC). The EPG is Canada’s only proving ground of its kind for military research and development. Its immense land space (470 km2), air space, and 105 realty assets (specialized laboratories, trial sites and facilities) make it a research and development resource to advance DRDC/DND’s program. It is also accessible to defence industry partners upon request. CTTC offers realistic training (over 2,200 CAF and First Responders per year) helping them respond safely and effectively to incidents involving CBRNE threats.

The centre provides expertise in the following areas:

DRDC, Centre for Operational Research and Analysis (CORA)

The Centre for Operational Research and Analysis provides scientific rigour to decision support and option analysis to the Department of National Defence, the Canadian Armed Forces, and Canadian security partners. The centre delivers options, recommendations, and potential outcomes to key decision makers by providing timely quantitative and qualitative analysis reports and objective expert advice.

DRDC, Director General Military Personnel Research and Analysis (DGMPRA)

DGMPRA responds to the research needs of both the Assistant Deputy Minister (Science and Technology) and the Chief of Military Personnel within the Department of National Defence. The Centre conducts strategic and operational research in the areas of:

The Centre also has research capabilities in the following areas:

DRDC, Centre for Security Science

Defence Research and Development Canada’s Centre for Security Science operates in partnership with Public Safety Canada. It conducts research and development activities in the field of public safety and security science and technology as well as related testing and assessment activities. The Centre identifies trends in security technology and related threats, and maintains a network of national and international science and technology experts and partners involved in public safety and security.

The Centre also leads the Canadian Safety and Security Program and the Emergency Responder Testing and Evaluation Establishment.

Defence Research Establishment Pacific (DREP)

This Research Centre was Closed in 1994. It was located in Naden, Esquimalt, a suburb of Victoria, BC, and was originally called the Pacific Naval Laboratory (PNL). DREP was engaged in a variety of research areas. One group did materials research. Materials subgroups included one for Non Destructive Testing of materials including ultrasound, x-ray, and eddy current methods; a composite mechanics subgroup working on interlaminar fracture (delamination) of composite laminated structural materials and bolted joint mechanics research for composite; and a metals fracture subgroup.

Other groups worked on submarine detection, adhesives chemistry, and engine health monitoring.

Civilian achievements

Over the years, researchers at DRDC, sometimes in partnership with the NRC and others, have been responsible for numerous innovations and inventions of practical application in the civilian world. These include the G-suit, motorized wheelchair, the Alouette 1 satellite, Black Brant rocket, improvements to the carbon dioxide laser, flight data recorder, the Ballard fuel cell membrane, and the Bombsniffer (using gas chromatomography and ion mobility spectrometry).

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Chief Executive Officer and Assistant Deputy Minister (Science and Technology)". Defence Research and Development Canada.
  2. ↑ "About DRDC". Defence Research and Development Canada.
  3. ↑ Nishi, RY; Lauckner, GR. "Development of the DCIEM 1983 Decompression Model for Compressed Air Diving.". Defence Research and Development Canada Technical Report (Defence Research and Development Canada) (DCIEM-84-R-44). Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  4. ↑ Chapple, JCB; Eaton, David J. "Development of the Canadian Underwater Mine Apparatus and the CUMA Mine Countermeasures dive system.". DRDC Technical Report (DRDC) (DCIEM 92-06). Retrieved 2009-06-10.

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