Diisopropylamine

Diisopropylamine
Names
IUPAC name
N-Isopropylpropan-2-amine
Other names
N-(1-Methylethyl)-2-propanamine
Identifiers
108-18-9 YesY
Abbreviations DIPA
605284
ChemSpider 7624 YesY
EC Number 203-558-5
Jmol interactive 3D Image
PubChem 7912
RTECS number IM4025000
UNII BR9JLI40NO YesY
UN number 1158
Properties
C6H15N
Molar mass 101.19 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Fishy, ammoniacal
Density 0.722 g mL−1
Melting point −61.00 °C; −77.80 °F; 212.15 K
Boiling point 83 to 85 °C; 181 to 185 °F; 356 to 358 K
miscible[1]
Vapor pressure 6.7 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 11.07 (in water) at 25 deg C
Basicity (pKb) 3.43[2]
1.392–1.393
Thermochemistry
−173.6–−168.4 kJ mol−1
−4.3363–−4.3313 MJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS signal word DANGER
H225, H302, H314, H332
P210, P280, P305+351+338, P310
F C
R-phrases R11, R20/22, R34
S-phrases (S1/2), S16, S26, S36/37/39
NFPA 704
Flammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g., gasoline) Health code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroform Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
3
2
0
Flash point −17 °C (1 °F; 256 K)
315 °C (599 °F; 588 K)
Explosive limits 1.1–7.1%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
  • 770 mg kg−1 (oral, rat)
  • >10 g kg−1 (dermal, rabbit)
1140 ppm (rat, 2 hr)
1000 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)[3]
2207 ppm (rabbit, 2.5 hr)
2207 ppm (guinea pig, 80 min)
2207 ppm (cat, 72 min)[3]
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) [skin][1]
TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) [skin][1]
200 ppm[1]
Related compounds
Related amines
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Diisopropylamine is a secondary amine with the chemical formula (CH3)2HC-NH-CH(CH3)2. It is best known as its lithium derivative of its conjugate base, lithium diisopropylamide, known as "LDA". LDA is a strong, non-nucleophilic base.

Diisopropylamine can be dried by distillation from potassium hydroxide (KOH) or drying over sodium wire.[4]

Reactions and uses

Diisopropylamine is primarily used as a precursor to two herbicides, diallate and triallate, as well as certain sulfenamides used in the vulcanization of rubber.[5] It is also used to prepare N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (Hünig's base) by alkylation with diethyl sulfate.[6]

The bromide salt of diisopropylamine, diisopropylammonium bromide, is an organic molecular solid whose crystals are ferroelectric at room temperature.[7] This renders it a possible more biospherically inert alternative to barium titanate.

Preparation

Diisopropylamine is commercially available. It may be prepared by the reductive amination of acetone with ammonia using a modified copper oxide, generally copper chromite, as a catalyst:[8][9]

NH
3
+ 2(CH
3
)
2
CO
+ 2H
2
C
6
H
15
N
+ 2H
2
O

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0217". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. "DIISOPROPYLAMINE". pub chem. NIH. Retrieved 20 October 2015.
  3. 1 2 "Diisopropylamine". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. Armarego, W. L. F. and Perrin, D. D. Purification of Laboratory Chemicals 4th Ed. pg 186, Butterworth and Heinemann: Boston, 1996.
  5. Karsten Eller, Erhard Henkes, Roland Rossbacher, Hartmut Höke "Amines, Aliphatic" Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2000, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_001
  6. Hünig, S.; Kiessel, M. (1958). "Spezifische Protonenacceptoren als Hilfsbasen bei Alkylierungs- und Dehydrohalogenierungsreaktionen". Chemische Berichte 91 (2): 380–392. doi:10.1002/cber.19580910223.
  7. "An organic alternative to oxides? Organic ferroelectric molecule shows promise for memory chips, sensors". phys.org. Jan 24, 2013.
  8. Karl Löffler. "Über eine neue Bildungsweise primärer und sekundärer Amine aus Ketonen". Berichte 43 (2): 2031–2035. doi:10.1002/cber.191004302145.
  9. US 2686811, Willard Bull, "One-step process for preparing diisopropylamine"
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