Jonkeria

Jonkeria Temporal range: Capitanian, 265–260 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Jonkeria ingens skull, Amer. Mus. No. 5608
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Synapsida
Order:	Therapsida
Suborder:	†Dinocephalia
Family:	†Titanosuchidae
Genus:	†Jonkeria
Type species
Jonkeria truculenta
Species
†J. truculenta †J. boonstrai †J. haughtoni †J. ingens †J. koupensis †J. parva †J. rossouwi †J. vanderbyli
Synonyms
Dinophoneus ingens Dinopolus atrox Dinosphageus haughtoni Scapanodon duplessisi

Jonkeria was a very large omnivorous (although there is some dispute to this - e.g. Colbert 1969 p. 136) dinocephalian, from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone, Lower Beaufort Group, of the South African Karroo.

Description

Jonkeria

Skull of Jonkeria sp. in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago

The overall length was 3.5 metres (11.5 ft) or more (up to 4 or 5 metres (13.1 or 16.4 ft)), the skull about 55 cm long. The skull is nearly twice as long as wide, and the snout is elongated and provided with sharp incisors and large canines. The cheek teeth were rather small.The body is robustly built, and the limbs stout. According to Boonstra 1969 p. 38, Jonkeria cannot be distinguished from its relative Titanosuchus on cranial grounds, but only in limb length; Jonkeria having short and squat limbs, and Titanosuchus long ones.

Classification

Life restoration of Jonkeria truculenta

About a dozen species have been named, including the type species, J. truculenta. At least some of the other species were synonymised by Boonstra 1969. There has been no recent review of the genus.

See also

• List of synapsids

References

• Boonstra, L. D. 1969, "The Fauna of the Tapincephalus Zone (Beaufort Beds of the Karoo)," Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 56 (1) 1-73, pp. 35-38
• Colbert, E. H., (1969), Evolution of the Vertebrates, John Wiley & Sons Inc (2nd ed.)
• von Zittel, K.A (1932), Textbook of Paleontology, C.R. Eastman (transl. and ed), 2nd edition, Macmillan & Co. vol.2, p. 255