Equipment of the Royal Malaysian Air Force

The equipment of the Royal Malaysian Air Force can be subdivided into: aircraft, ammunition, weapons, satellites, and ground vehicles.

Aircraft

Current

Aircraft	Image	Type	Origin	Class	Role	In service	No.	Notes
Fighter aircraft
Sukhoi Su-30MKM		Su-30MKM	Russia	Jet	Multirole fighter	18[1]	18	Specialised development of the Sukhoi Su-30 for the Royal Malaysian Air Force.[2]
Boeing F/A-18 Hornet		F/A-18D	USA	Jet	Multirole fighter	8[3]	8	All-weather.
Mikoyan MiG-29		MiG-29N MiG-29NUB	Russia	Jet	Air superiority fighter	10[4] 2[4]	12	Scheduled for retirement in 2015.
BAE Hawk		Mk 108 Mk 208	UK	Jet	Light multirole fighter	6[4] 13[5]	19	Mk 208 is a single seat light multirole fighter. Mk 108 is an advanced weapons trainer with combat capabilities.[5]
Northrop F-5		F-5 Tiger II RF-5E Tigereye	USA	Jet	Light attack, Reconnaissance	16[4] 2[4]	18	Scheduled for retirement in 2014.[6]
Aermacchi MB-339		MB-339AM MB-339CM	Italy	Jet	Lead-in fighter, Light fighter	18	24	10 x MB-339AM, 8 x MB-339CM.
Cargo/transport aircraft
Airbus A400M		A400M	EU	Jet	Long range/tactical military transport	2	4	First A400M received in 2015.[7] Two more on order.[8][9]
Lockheed C-130 Hercules		C-130H C-130MP KC-130T	USA	Propeller	Military transport, Maritime patrol aircraft, Aerial refuelling	10 1 4	15	10 C-130H, 1 C-130MP and 4 KC-130T. C-130MP is a maritime patrol variant and can be reconfigured into tactical airlift. The 4 KC-130T provide aerial refuelling.
CASA CN-235		CN-235-220M-VIP CN-235-220M	Spain  Indonesia	Propeller	Military transport, Maritime patrol	7[10][11]	8	Military transport for army airborne (PAC) and humanitarian uses. One lost to crash.[11]
Beechcraft Super King Air		B200T	USA	Propeller	Maritime patrol aircraft	4[4]	4	Two Beechcraft Super King Air 350 are leased from Aerotree Defence Services Sdn Bhd.[12]
Cessna 402		402B	USA	Propeller	Military transport	10[4]	10
Boeing Business Jet		BBJ1 (737-700)	USA	Jet	VIP transport	1	1	Used for the Prime Minister and/or Deputy Prime Minister.
Bombardier Global Express		BD700	Canada	Jet	VIP transport	1	1
Dassault Falcon 900		900B	France	Jet	VIP transport	1	1
Airbus 319		A319CJ	France  Germany  China	Jet	VIP transport	1	1
Fokker F28 Fellowship		F28-1000	Netherlands	Jet	VIP transport	1	1
Trainer aircraft
Pilatus PC-7 Turbo Trainer		PC-7 PC-7 Mk II	Switzerland	Propeller	Trainer	30[4] 17[4]	47
MD3-160 Aerotiga		unknown	Switzerland	Propeller	Trainer	20	20
Helicopters
Aérospatiale Alouette III		SA-316B SA-319B	France	Helicopter	Trainer	13	33	7 × SA-316Bs transferred from RSAF in 1978/9), 10 transferred to Malaysian Army Aviation.
Eurocopter EC120 Colibri		H120/EC120B	France  China  Singapore	Helicopter	Trainer	1	6	Ordered to replace the ageing Aérospatiale Alouette III. The aircraft was supplied by Gading Kasturi Sdn Bhd and leased from them.[12] The company will provided total engineering and logistics support to five Airbus EC120B helicopter and one EC 120B simulator through Company Own Military Operates (COMO) concept for its basic helicopter flying school. The program also involves in house upgrading of the EC120B to fully glass cockpit and Near vertical incidence skywave (NVIS).[13]
Eurocopter EC 725		Super Cougar/Caracal	France	Helicopter	Transport, CSAR	12	12	Originally ordered to replace the ageing Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King (Nuri). However, only 12 out of 28 managed to be purchased.[14]
Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King		S61A-4 Nuri	USA	Helicopter	Transport, SAR	17[15]	31	Built by Agusta under licence. 12 transferred to the Malaysian Army Aviation. Originally planned to be remove due to 89 personnel have been killed in 15 crashes since it was introduced. However, as Malaysia only managed to order 12 of a planned 28 EC725s as replacements, this has forced the air force to prolong the life of its Sikorskys.[14]
Sikorsky S-70 Black Hawk		S-70 S-70A	USA	Helicopter	VIP transport Utility	2 (4)[16]	6[16]	4 S-70A transferred to RMAF from the RBAF.[17]
Agusta A109		A109C	Italy  UK	Helicopter	Utility	1	1
Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King		AS-61N1	USA	Helicopter	VIP transport	2	2
Unmanned aerial vehicle
CTRM Aludra[18]		Mk.1 and Mk.2	Malaysia	UAV	Reconnaissance	unknown	unknown	Coastal surveillance.
ScanEagle		unknown	USA	UAV	Reconnaissance	unknown	unknown	Coastal surveillance.
CTRM Eagle ARV		unknown	Australia  Malaysia	UAV	Reconnaissance	unknown	unknown

Former

Aircraft	Image	Type	Variants	Origin	Quantity	Notes
Fighter aircraft
CAC Sabre		Fighter	Sabre Mk. 32	USA  Australia	10	ex-RAAF aircraft delivered 1969 to 1972.
Douglas A-4 Skyhawk		Attack aircraft	A-4PTM TA-4PTM	USA	40	United States Navy Surplus. Only 40 out of 80 were delivered.
Canadair CL-41 Tutor		Ground-attack aircraft	CL-41G Tebuan	Canada	20
Cargo/transport aircraft
Scottish Aviation Pioneer		Light transport		UK	unknown
Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer		Light transport		UK	unknown
De Havilland DHC-4 Caribou		Medium transport	DHC-4A	Canada	unknown
Grumman HU-16 Albatross		Utility	HU-16B	USA	unknown
Handley Page Dart Herald		Transport		UK	unknown
Hawker Siddeley HS125		VIP transport		UK	unknown
De Havilland Heron		VIP transport		UK	unknown
De Havilland Dove		VIP transport		UK	unknown
Training aircraft
Percival Provost		Trainer	T51	UK	unknown
Scottish Aviation Bulldog		Trainer		UK	unknown
Helicopters
Bell 47		Light observation helicopter	Bell 47G	USA	unknown
Westland Wasp		Anti-submarine helicopter		UK	unknown

Munitions

Aircraft missiles, rockets and bombs

Model	Image	Type	Variants	Origin	Quantity	Notes
Air-to-air missile (AAM)
AA-8 Aphid		Short-range air-to-air missile	R-60K	USSR	100	Used by Mikoyan MiG-29.
AA-10 Alamo		Medium-range air-to-air tactical missile	R-27ET R-27ER R-27R R-27T	USSR	100	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM and Mikoyan MiG-29.
AA-11 Archer		Short-range air-to-air missile	R-73E	USSR	100	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM and Mikoyan MiG-29.
AA-12 Adder		Medium-range active-radar homing air-to-air missile	RVV-AE	Russia	150	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM.[19]
AIM-7 Sparrow		Medium-range, semi-active radar homing air-to-air missile	Standard	USA	776	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.
AIM-120 AMRAAM		Medium-range, active radar homing air-to-air missile	AIM-120C5 AIM-120C7	USA	126	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.
AIM-9 Sidewinder		Short-range air-to-air missile	AIM-9 AIM-9X AIM-9 Block III	USA	148	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet, Northrop F-5 and BAE Hawk 208.
Air-to-surface missile (ASM)
AS-14 Kedge		Air-to-surface missile	Kh-29TE Kh-29L	USSR	128	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM and Mikoyan MiG-29.
AS-13 Kingbolt		Air-to-surface missile	Kh-59ME	USSR	120	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM and Mikoyan MiG-29.
AS-17 Krypton		Air-to-surface missile	Kh-31P Kh-31A	USSR	123	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM and Mikoyan MiG-29.
AGM-65 Maverick		Air-to-surface missile	AGM-65E AGM-65F	USA	120	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet[20] and BAE Hawk 208.
Anti-ship missile (AShM)
AS-20 Kayak		Anti-ship missile	Kh-35E	USSR	120	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM.
Harpoon		Anti-ship missile	Block III	USA	38	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.
Rocket
CRV7		Ground attack rocket		Canada	28	Used by BAE Hawk 208 and attack helicopter.
General-purpose bomb
KAB-500L		Laser-guided bomb	KAB-500KR	USSR	90	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM.
KAB-1500L		Laser guided bomb	KAB-1500KR	USSR	140	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM.
Mark 82		Low-drag general purpose bomb	Mark 82	USA	120	Used by BAE Hawk 208 and Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.
GBU-12 Paveway II		Laser guided bomb	GBU-12	USA	189	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.
Joint Direct Attack Munition		Low-drag general purpose bomb	Mk84	USA	94	Used by BAE Hawk 208 and Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.[21]
Mk-20 Rockeye II		Cluster bomb	CBU-100	USA	100	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.

Aircraft machine guns

Model	Image	Type	Calibre	Variants	Origin	Notes
Machine guns
Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-301		Automatic cannon	30×165mm	GSh-301	USSR	Used by Sukhoi Su-30MKM and Mikoyan MiG-29.
M61 Vulcan		Rotary cannon	20 × 102mm (0.787 inch) calibre	Standard	USA	Used by Boeing F/A-18 Hornet.
ADEN cannon		Revolver cannon	30 × 113mm (1.1811 inch) calibre	ADEN 25	UK	Used by BAE Hawk 208.
M39 cannon		Single-barrel autocannon	20 mm (0.787 in) × 102 mm	M55A2	USA	Used by Northrop F-5.

Weapons

Model	Image	Type	Calibre	Origin	Variants	Notes
Pistols
Glock		Pistol	9×19mm Parabellum	Austria	Glock 18C Glock 19 Glock 34	Standard service pistol.
Browning HP		Pistol	9×19mm Parabellum	Belgium	HP Mk.III
Sphinx		Pistol	9×19mm Parabellum	Switzerland	S3000	Used by PASKAU.
Shotguns
M870		Shotgun	12 gauge	USA	M870 M870 MCS	Modular combat shotgun.
M1014		Shotgun	12 gauge	Italy	M1014
Mossberg		Shotgun	12 gauge	USA	590A1
Submachine guns
Colt 9mm		Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum	USA
MP5		Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum	Germany	MP5A5 MP5-K MP5K-A4 MP5SD6	Used in night operations, close quarters, hostage rescue, and close protections.
MP9		Submachine gun	9×19mm Parabellum	Switzerland	MP9
Rifles
M4		Carbine	5.56×45mm NATO	USA  Malaysia	M4 M4A1 SOPMOD	Standard service rifle.
CAR-15		Carbine	5.56×45mm NATO	USA	653
SG 553		Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO	Switzerland	SG-553LB SG-553SB
Machine guns
M249 SAW		Light machine gun	5.56×45mm NATO	USA	M249	Belt-fed but can be used with STANAG magazines.
Browning M2HB		Heavy machine gun	.50 BMG	USA	M2A1 M2HB	Mounted on vehicles or tripods.
M134		Gatling machine gun	7.62×51mm NATO	USA	M134D	Mounted on S-70 Blackhawk helicopter.
Sniper rifles
M107		Anti-materiel rifle, Sniper rifle	.50 BMG	USA	M107
AW		Sniper rifle/designated marksman rifle	.308 Winchester	UK	AW
DSR-1		Sniper rifle	.308 Winchester	Germany	DSR-1
R93		Sniper rifle	.308 Winchester	Germany	R93
PSG-1		Sharpshooter rifle	7.62×51mm NATO	Germany	PSG-1A1
Grenade-based weapons
M203		Grenade launcher	40mm grenade	USA	M203A1 M203A2	Attached to M4.
M32		Grenade launcher	40mm grenade	South Africa	M32	Six-shot revolver-type grenade launcher.
GL 5040		Grenade launcher	40mm grenade	Switzerland	GL 5040	Attached to SG 553.
M67		Fragmentation grenade		USA
M18		Smoke grenade		USA
M84		Flashbang		USA

Procurement

To boost Malaysia's security in eastern Sabah from the threats of militants from the southern Philippines, the Royal Brunei Air Force (RBAF) has giving four of its S-70A Black Hawk as present.^[17][22] BAE Hawk 200 has been stationed in East Malaysia to launch any bombing operations and attacks against any Filipino militants that tried to intrude Sabah.^[23] In 2016, the BAE Systems has entered into a strategic partnership with Malaysia's aviation maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) centre AIROD to upgrade avionic systems on the Malaysian BAE Hawk aircraft.^[24] As part of the Malaysia's Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) program, Malaysia is looking to replace its ageing MiG-29 and F-5.^[25][26] However, due to some economic problems the plan was postponed year by year and it was expected that Malaysia would order new jet fighters between 2016–2020.^[27] The major contenders of this plan is the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, Dassault Rafale, Eurofighter Typhoon, Saab JAS 39 Gripen, Sukhoi Su-30 and the Sukhoi Su-35.^{[27][28][29][30]} While Malaysia's Aerospace Technology Systems Corp. (ATSC) has launched a bid to upgrade the ageing MiG-29 fighters,^[31] Dassault Rafale has offering financial package with a ten-year repayment loan from a French commercial bank and guaranteed by the government of France if the Malaysian government cannot afford the cost.^[32] This was followed by Eurofighter Typhoon and Saab JAS 39 Gripen which offering to lease their fighters.^[25][33][34] Eurofighter Typhoon also offering to set-up joint ventures with local company for maintenance and repair of the aircraft if it was selected along with a financial support extended by the UK government if Malaysian government cannot afford the cost to buy the aircraft.^[35] Beside promoting their jet fighters, the Saab company is pitching their airborne early warning and control aircraft, the Global Eye (Bombardier 6000) equipped with Erieye radar system and is looking for local partners in Malaysia for manufacturing and maintenance, repair and overhaul.^[36] Meanwhile, Russia is ready to offer their jet fighters to meet Malaysia’s requirements completely.^[37] The Russian defence export, Rosoboronexport which have before supplying the Royal Malaysian Air Force with Sukhoi Su-30MKM has expressed its readiness to discuss the prospect of establishing joint and licenced production facilities in Malaysia.^[38] The Russian also telling Malaysia that leasing have some advantage especially in the high cost for maintenance, fuel, parts and insurance, and said those offerers who lease their aircraft will going to check their fighters from time to time which compromising Malaysia's defence autonomy and when the lease have expired, they will retake the aircraft.^[30] Instead, the Russian offering their Sukhoi Su-35 at affordable price and said that:

Ownership is much better than leasing an aircraft as it will be much too costly and as Malaysia land was separated by large sea into West and East, the country should acquiring twin-engines jet fighters.^[30][39]

In the late 2015, it was reported that Malaysia might buy the Sino-Pakistani JF-17 Thunder,^[40] but the report was denied by Malaysian Defence Minister and said they were still determining to choose.^[41] It is believed that the need for such new fighters is due to the increase of China's aggression in the South China Sea dispute.^[42]

• 

  Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet

• 

  Dassault Rafale

• 

  Eurofighter Typhoon

• 

  Saab JAS 39 Gripen

• 

  Sukhoi Su-30

• 

  Sukhoi Su-35

• 

  CAC/PAC JF-17 Thunder

Attire

Current attire
Type	Name	Pattern	Full pattern	Notes
Harimau Belang Pattern 90	Airman Battle Uniform (ABU)
Harimau Gurun desert pattern				It is a variant of Malay Tigerstripe Woodland pattern but with earth-brown stripes on a light green and sand-coloured background.
	Flight suit			Pilots, air crews and missile crews wear olive green or desert tan one-piece flight suits made of Nomex for fire protection.
	Field Service Uniform

Incidents and accidents

• Since 1989, around 95 armed forces personnel (most of those are the RMAF) have been killed in 18 crashes involving the ageing type American-made Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King (Nuri) helicopter.^[43] This led the RMAF to purchase the French-made EC725 helicopter to replace it. But with the nation having ordered only 12 of a planned 28 EC725 helicopters as replacements, the RMAF was forced to prolong the life of its Sikorskys.^[14]
• In May 2008, two J85-GE-21 engines that power the Northrop F-5E Tiger II fighter jets belonging to the Royal Malaysian Air Force were reported missing, as of sometime in 2007, from an RMAF warehouse in Kuala Lumpur during Najib's tenure as Defence Minister in Abdullah Ahmad Badawi's cabinet. The jet engines belonged to the 12th Squadron (Scorpion) based in Butterworth. The issue became a matter of political dispute,^[44] and it was reported a brigadier-general together with 40 other armed forces personnel had been sacked over the incident.^[45] Further investigation led to the arrestment of two Malaysian Indians who served as Airman (Sergeant) and a civilian contractor were charged in connection with the theft and disposal of both engines on 6 January 2010.^[46] On 5 February 2010, Attorney-General Abdul Gani Patail revealed that the two missing engines had been found in Uruguay with the help of the Government of Uruguay and the Malaysian government is proceeding with the necessary measures to secure their return. Investigations showed that the engines were taken out of the RMAF base between 20 December 2007 to 1 January 2008 before being sent to a warehouse in Subang Jaya to be shipped out of Malaysia to South America.^[47][48]
• On 26 February 2016, the RMAF Indonesian made-CN-325-220M version were forced to make an emergency landing into mangrove swamps near Kuala Selangor due to engine failure.^[11] The aircraft co-pilot sustained a broken left arm during the incident while the rest of the crew managed to escape without major injuries. A fisherman who trying to help the crews out of the aircraft were reported drowned after his foot got stuck in a mud. The black box from the aircraft was found on the next day and sent to Bandung, Indonesia for analysing by Indonesian manufacturer over the cause of the accident.^[49]

See also

• Equipment of the Malaysian Army
• Equipment of the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
• Equipment of the Royal Malaysian Navy
• List of police firearms in Malaysia

References

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