Exosome component 2

Exosome component 2
PDB rendering based on 2nn6.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2NN6​
Identifiers
Symbols	EXOSC2 ; RRP4; Rrp4p; hRrp4p; p7
External IDs	OMIM: 602238 MGI: 2385133 HomoloGene: 6095 GeneCards: EXOSC2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • 3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity • exoribonuclease activity • protein binding • 7S RNA binding Cellular component • nuclear exosome (RNase complex) • cytoplasmic exosome (RNase complex) • exosome (RNase complex) • nucleus • nucleolus • cytoplasm • cytosol Biological process • nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay • exonucleolytic trimming to generate mature 3'-end of 5.8S rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) • rRNA processing • gene expression • positive regulation of cell growth • nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic, 3'-5' • U4 snRNA 3'-end processing • exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-dependent decay • CUT catabolic process • nuclear polyadenylation-dependent rRNA catabolic process • nuclear polyadenylation-dependent tRNA catabolic process • nuclear retention of pre-mRNA with aberrant 3'-ends at the site of transcription • polyadenylation-dependent snoRNA 3'-end processing Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	23404	227715
Ensembl	ENSG00000130713	ENSMUSG00000039356
UniProt	Q13868	Q8VBV3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001282708	NM_144886
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001269637	NP_659135
Location (UCSC)	Chr 9: 130.69 – 130.7 Mb	Chr 2: 31.67 – 31.68 Mb
PubMed search

Exosome component 2, also known as EXOSC2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the EXOSC2 gene.^[1][2]

Function

Mammalian mRNAs contain AU-rich elements (AREs) within their three prime untranslated regions. In yeast, 3-prime-to-5-prime mRNA degradation is mediated by the exosome, a multisubunit particle. EXOSC2 (which is homologous to the yeast Rrp4 protein) is a component of the human exosome.^[3]

Interactions

Exosome component 2 has been shown to interact with:

• Exosome component 4,^[4] and
• Exosome component 7.^[4]

References

1. "Entrez Gene: EXOSC2 exosome component 2".
2. Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Tollervey D (November 1997). "The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases". Cell 91 (4): 457–66. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80432-8. PMID 9390555.
3. Chen CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE, Chan EL, Raijmakers R, Pruijn GJ, Stoecklin G, Moroni C, Mann M, Karin M (November 2001). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs". Cell 107 (4): 451–64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00578-5. PMID 11719186.
4. Raijmakers R, Egberts WV, van Venrooij WJ, Pruijn GJ (Nov 2002). "Protein-protein interactions between human exosome components support the assembly of RNase PH-type subunits into a six-membered PNPase-like ring". J. Mol. Biol. 323 (4): 653–63. doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00947-6. PMID 12419256.

Further reading

• Adams MD, Dubnick M, Kerlavage AR; et al. (1992). "Sequence identification of 2,375 human brain genes.". Nature 355 (6361): 632–4. doi:10.1038/355632a0. PMID 1538749.
• Morris CM, Heisterkamp N, Groffen J, Fitzgerald PH (1991). "Entire ABL gene is joined with 5'-BCR in some patients with Philadelphia-positive leukemia.". Blood 78 (4): 1078–84. PMID 1868241.
• Zhu QS, Heisterkamp N, Groffen J (1990). "Characterization of the human ABL promoter regions.". Oncogene 5 (6): 885–91. PMID 2163052.
• Soekarman D, van Denderen J, Hoefsloot L; et al. (1990). "A novel variant of the bcr-abl fusion product in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.". Leukemia 4 (6): 397–403. PMID 2193202.
• Chen SJ, Chen Z, Font MP; et al. (1989). "Structural alterations of the BCR and ABL genes in Ph1 positive acute leukemias with rearrangements in the BCR gene first intron: further evidence implicating Alu sequences in the chromosome translocation.". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (19): 7631–42. doi:10.1093/nar/17.19.7631. PMC 334872. PMID 2678002.
• Heisterkamp N, Stam K, Groffen J; et al. (1985). "Structural organization of the bcr gene and its role in the Ph' translocation.". Nature 315 (6022): 758–61. doi:10.1038/315758a0. PMID 2989703.
• Shtivelman E, Lifshitz B, Gale RP; et al. (1986). "Alternative splicing of RNAs transcribed from the human abl gene and from the bcr-abl fused gene.". Cell 47 (2): 277–84. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90450-2. PMID 3021337.
• Grosveld G, Verwoerd T, van Agthoven T; et al. (1987). "The chronic myelocytic cell line K562 contains a breakpoint in bcr and produces a chimeric bcr/c-abl transcript.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 6 (2): 607–16. PMC 367552. PMID 3023859.
• Bernards A, Rubin CM, Westbrook CA; et al. (1987). "The first intron in the human c-abl gene is at least 200 kilobases long and is a target for translocations in chronic myelogenous leukemia.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 7 (9): 3231–6. PMC 367959. PMID 3313010.
• Groffen J, Heisterkamp N, Grosveld F; et al. (1982). "Isolation of human oncogene sequences (v-fes homolog) from a cosmid library.". Science 216 (4550): 1136–8. doi:10.1126/science.6281890. PMID 6281890.
• Heisterkamp N, Groffen J, Stephenson JR (1983). "The human v-abl cellular homologue.". J. Mol. Appl. Genet. 2 (1): 57–68. PMID 6302194.
• Heisterkamp N, Stephenson JR, Groffen J; et al. (1984). "Localization of the c-ab1 oncogene adjacent to a translocation break point in chronic myelocytic leukaemia.". Nature 306 (5940): 239–42. doi:10.1038/306239a0. PMID 6316147.
• Groffen J, Stephenson JR, Heisterkamp N; et al. (1984). "Philadelphia chromosomal breakpoints are clustered within a limited region, bcr, on chromosome 22.". Cell 36 (1): 93–9. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90077-1. PMID 6319012.
• Chissoe SL, Bodenteich A, Wang YF; et al. (1995). "Sequence and analysis of the human ABL gene, the BCR gene, and regions involved in the Philadelphia chromosomal translocation.". Genomics 27 (1): 67–82. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1008. PMID 7665185.
• Litz CE, McClure JS, Copenhaver CM, Brunning RD (1993). "Duplication of small segments within the major breakpoint cluster region in chronic myelogenous leukemia.". Blood 81 (6): 1567–72. PMID 8453102.
• Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Tollervey D (1996). "The 3' end of yeast 5.8S rRNA is generated by an exonuclease processing mechanism.". Genes Dev. 10 (4): 502–13. doi:10.1101/gad.10.4.502. PMID 8600032.
• Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A; et al. (1997). "The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases.". Cell 91 (4): 457–66. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80432-8. PMID 9390555.
• Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A; et al. (1999). "The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases.". Genes Dev. 13 (16): 2148–58. doi:10.1101/gad.13.16.2148. PMC 316947. PMID 10465791.
• Brouwer R, Allmang C, Raijmakers R; et al. (2001). "Three novel components of the human exosome.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (9): 6177–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007603200. PMID 11110791.
• Chen CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE; et al. (2002). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs.". Cell 107 (4): 451–64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00578-5. PMID 11719186.