Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey

For other places with similar names, see Fairfield, New Jersey.
Fairfield Township, New Jersey
Township
Township of Fairfield

Map of Fairfield Township in Essex County. Inset: Location of Essex County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.

Census Bureau map of Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey
Coordinates: 40°52′57″N 74°18′17″W / 40.882508°N 74.304594°W / 40.882508; -74.304594Coordinates: 40°52′57″N 74°18′17″W / 40.882508°N 74.304594°W / 40.882508; -74.304594[1][2]
Country  United States
State  New Jersey
County Essex
Incorporated February 16, 1798 (as Caldwell Township)
Renamed November 6, 1963 (as Fairfield Township)
Government[3]
 • Type Faulkner Act Small Municipality
 • Body Township Council
 • Mayor James Gasparini (term ends December 31, 2017)[4]
 • Administrator Joseph Catenaro[5]
 • Clerk Denise Cafone[6]
Area[1]
 • Total 10.460 sq mi (27.093 km2)
 • Land 10.296 sq mi (26.667 km2)
 • Water 0.164 sq mi (0.426 km2)  1.57%
Area rank 206th of 566 in state
4th of 22 in county[1]
Elevation[7] 174 ft (53 m)
Population (2010 Census)[8][9][10][11]
 • Total 7,466
 • Estimate (2014)[12] 7,551
 • Rank 307th of 566 in state
19th of 22 in county[13]
 • Density 725.1/sq mi (280.0/km2)
 • Density rank 411th of 566 in state
22nd of 22 in county[13]
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4)
ZIP code 07004[14][15]
Area code(s) 973[16]
FIPS code 3401322385[1][17][18]
GNIS feature ID 1729722[1][19]
Website www.fairfieldnj.org

Fairfield is a township in far northwestern Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 7,466,[9][10][11] reflecting an increase of 403 (+5.7%) from the 7,063 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 552 (-7.2%) from the 7,615 counted in the 1990 Census.[20] Fairfield is the least densely populated town in Essex County.[13]

The first Europeans to settle in the area were Dutch and the place was called Gansegat. Later it was part of Horse Neck and officially part of Newark Township. What is now Fairfield was formed on February 16, 1798, as Caldwell Township from portions of Acquackanonk Township and Newark Township. The area was named for Rev. James Caldwell. It was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. Portions of the township were taken to create Livingston (February 8, 1813), Fairmount Township (March 11, 1862, now part of West Orange), Caldwell borough (February 10, 1892), Verona Township (February 17, 1892, now known and including what is now Cedar Grove), North Caldwell (March 31, 1898), Essex Fells (March 31, 1902) and West Caldwell (February 24, 1904). On November 6, 1963, Caldwell Township was renamed as Fairfield Township, based on the results of a referendum passed the previous day. Fairfield was reincorporated as borough on June 8, 1964.[21] In 1978, the borough passed a referendum reincorporating itself as a township, becoming the second of more than a dozen Essex County municipalities to reclassify themselves as townships in order take advantage of federal revenue sharing policies that allocated townships a greater share of government aid to municipalities on a per capita basis.[22][23][24]

History

The Dutch initially settled the area near the bottomlands of the Passaic River in 1669 after purchasing it from the Native Americans naming it Gansegat which is Dutch for duck's pond.[25]

Fairfield was part of the Horseneck Tract, which was an area that consisted of what are now the municipalities of Caldwell, West Caldwell, North Caldwell, Fairfield, Verona, Cedar Grove, Essex Fells, Roseland, and portions of Livingston and West Orange. In 1702, settlers purchased the 14,000 acres (57 km2) Horseneck Tract — the reason for this name has never been determined, but historians agree that it is not because of its shape — from the Lenape Native Americans for goods equal to $325. This purchase encompassed much of western Essex County, from the First Mountain to the Passaic River.

The Van Ness House, constructed in 1720, is a historic home added in 1977 to the National Register of Historic Places.[26] The Fairfield Dutch Reformed Church dates back to 1720, and its current structure is another historic site, built in 1804.[27]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 10.460 square miles (27.093 km2), including 10.296 square miles (26.667 km2) of land and 0.164 square miles (0.426 km2) of water (1.57%).[1][2] Fairfield has the lowest population density of any municipality in Essex County.[13] Fairfield Township is located in the northwest corner of Essex County. The township is bisected by Interstate 80 and Route 46.

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Clinton and Clinton Park.[28]

Great Piece Meadows is a swamp covering 1,170 acres (470 ha).[29]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18102,235—
18202,020*−9.6%
18302,004−0.8%
18402,1849.0%
18502,3778.8%
18602,68813.1%
18702,727*1.5%
18803,16716.1%
18903,63814.9%
19001,619*−55.5%
1910704*−56.5%
19207171.8%
193098937.9%
19401,39240.7%
19501,90636.9%
19603,31073.7%
19706,884108.0%
19807,98716.0%
19907,615−4.7%
20007,063−7.2%
20107,4665.7%
Est. 20147,551[12][30]1.1%
Population sources:
1800-1920[31] 1840[32] 1850-1870[33]
1850[34] 1870[35] 1880-1890[36]
1890-1910[37] 1910-1930[38]
1930-1990[39] 2000[40][41] 2010[9][10][11]
* = Lost territory in previous decade.[21]

Census 2010

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 7,466 people, 2,645 households, and 2,103 families residing in the township. The population density was 725.1 per square mile (280.0/km2). There were 2,723 housing units at an average density of 264.5 per square mile (102.1/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 94.84% (7,081) White, 0.68% (51) Black or African American, 0.28% (21) Native American, 2.53% (189) Asian, 0.00% (0) Pacific Islander, 0.74% (55) from other races, and 0.92% (69) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 5.14% (384) of the population.[9]

There were 2,645 households, of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.0% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.5% were non-families. 18.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.22.[9]

In the township, 22.6% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 21.4% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44.5 years. For every 100 females there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.[9]

The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $97,361 (with a margin of error of +/- $11,797) and the median family income was $117,004 (+/- $7,881). Males had a median income of $69,081 (+/- $15,627) versus $51,198 (+/- $6,668) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $41,615 (+/- $5,217). About 0.5% of families and 2.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.0% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.[42]

Census 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census[17] there were 7,063 people, 2,296 households, and 1,981 families residing in the township. The population density was 675.8 people per square mile (261.0/km2). There were 2,326 housing units at an average density of 222.5 per square mile (85.9/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 95.63% White, 0.52% African American, 0.10% Native American, 2.82% Asian, 0.40% from other races, and 0.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.45% of the population.[40][41]

There were 2,296 households out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 74.7% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 13.7% were non-families. 10.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.04 and the average family size was 3.29.[40][41]

In the township the population was spread out with 22.0% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.3 males.[40][41]

The median income for a household in the township was $83,120, and the median income for a family was $90,998. Males had a median income of $56,106 versus $39,032 for females. The per capita income for the township was $32,099. About 2.3% of families and 2.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 2.2% of those age 65 or over.[40][41]

Economy

Corporate residents of Fairfield Township include:

Government

Fairfield Township operates within the Faulkner Act, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, under the Small Municipality plan C form of New Jersey government, as implemented as of January 1, 1962, based on direct petition.[47] Members are elected at-large in partisan elections in a three-year cycle, with two council seats up for vote in the first two years of the cycle and the mayoral seat up in the third year. The Mayor exercises executive power of the municipality, appoints department heads with Council approval, prepares the annual budget and has veto over ordinances subject to override by 2/3 of all members of Council. The Council exercises legislative power of municipality and approves appointment of department heads.[3][48]

As of 2015, members of the Fairfield Township Council are Mayor James Gasparini (R, term ends December 31, 2015), Council President Thomas J. Morgan (R, 2017), Joseph Cifelli (R, 2016), John LaForgia (R, 2017) and Michael McGlynn (R, 2016).[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]

Federal, state and county representation

Fairfield is located in the 11th Congressional District[56] and is part of New Jersey's 26th state legislative district.[10][57][58] Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 Census, Fairfield had been in the 27th state legislative district.[59]

New Jersey's Eleventh Congressional District is represented by Rodney Frelinghuysen (R, Harding Township).[60] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Cory Booker (D, Newark, term ends 2021)[61] and Bob Menendez (D, Paramus, 2019).[62][63]

FFor the 2016–2017 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 26th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Joseph Pennacchio (R, Montville) and in the General Assembly by BettyLou DeCroce (R, Parsippany-Troy Hills) and Jay Webber (R, Morris Plains).[64] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[65] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[66]

Essex County is governed by a directly-elected County Executive, with legislative functions performed by the Board of Chosen Freeholders.[67] As of 2014, the County Executive is Joseph N. DiVincenzo, Jr.[68] The county's Board of Chosen Freeholders consists of nine members, four elected on an at-large basis and one from each of five wards, who serve three-year terms of office on a concurrent basis, all of which end December 31, 2014.[67][69][70] Essex County's Freeholders are Freeholder President Blonnie R. Watson (at large; Newark),[71] Freeholder Vice President Patricia Sebold (at large; Livingston),[72] Rufus I. Johnson (at large; Newark),[73] Gerald W. Owens (At large; South Orange, filling the vacant seat after the resignation of Donald Payne, Jr.)[74] Rolando Bobadilla (District 1 - Newark's North and East Wards, parts of Central and West Wards; Newark),[75] D. Bilal Beasley (District 2 - Irvington, Maplewood and Newark's South Ward and parts of West Ward; Irvington),[76] Carol Y. Clark (District 3 - East Orange, Newark's West and Central Wards, Orange and South Orange; East Orange)[77] and Leonard M. Luciano (District 4 - Caldwell, Cedar Grove, Essex Fells, Fairfield, Livingston, Millburn, North Caldwell, Roseland, Verona, West Caldwell and West Orange; West Caldwell),[78] and Brendan W. Gill (District 5 - Belleville, Bloomfield, Glen Ridge, Montclair and Nutley; Montclair).[79][80][81] Constitutional elected countywide are County Clerk Christopher J. Durkin (West Caldwell, 2015),[82] Sheriff Armando B. Fontoura (2015)[83] and Surrogate Theodore N. Stephens, II (2016).[84][69][85]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 5,378 registered voters in Fairfield, of which 1,004 (18.7%) were registered as Democrats, 2,072 (38.5%) were registered as Republicans and 2,299 (42.7%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 3 voters registered to other parties.[86]

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 69.4% of the vote (2,494 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 29.7% (1,069 votes), and other candidates with 0.9% (32 votes), among the 3,625 ballots cast by the township's 5,459 registered voters (30 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 66.4%.[87][88] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 70.1% of the vote (2,797 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 28.5% (1,137 votes) and other candidates with 0.5% (21 votes), among the 3,991 ballots cast by the township's 5,380 registered voters, for a turnout of 74.2%.[89] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 69.6% of the vote (2,742 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 29.2% (1,151 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (39 votes), among the 3,939 ballots cast by the township's 5,131 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 76.8.[90]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 73.9% of the vote (1,600 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 25.3% (548 votes), and other candidates with 0.8% (17 votes), among the 2,193 ballots cast by the township's 5,445 registered voters (28 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 40.3%.[91][92] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 68.9% of the vote (1,819 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 25.0% (661 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 5.0% (133 votes) and other candidates with 0.5% (12 votes), among the 2,641 ballots cast by the township's 5,397 registered voters, yielding a 48.9% turnout.[93]

Education

The Fairfield School District serves public school students in pre-Kindergarten through sixth grade. As of the 2011-12 school year, the district's two schools had an enrollment of 689 students and 53.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.95:1.[94] Schools in the district (with 2011-12 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[95]) are Adlai E. Stevenson Elementary School[96] for pre-Kindergarten through third grade (384 students) and Winston Churchill School[97] for students in fourth through sixth grade (305).[98][99]

Students in public school for seventh through twelfth grades attend the West Essex Regional School District, a regional school district in western Essex County serving students from Essex Fells, Fairfield, North Caldwell and Roseland.[100][101] Schools in the district (with 2011-12 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[102]) are West Essex Regional Middle School[103] (grades 7-8; 594 students) and West Essex High School[104] (grades 9-12; 1,023 students).[105]

StenoTech Career Institute is a technical school in Fairfield, established in 1988, that offers court reporting and medical transcription training.[106]

Transportation

Roads and highways

As of May 2010, the borough had a total of 62.10 miles (99.94 km) of roadways, of which 40.18 miles (64.66 km) were maintained by the municipality, 13.14 miles (21.15 km) by Essex County and 8.78 miles (14.13 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[107]

U.S. Route 46, Route 159 and Interstate 80 all pass through the Township.

Public transportation

New Jersey Transit provides bus service to Newark on the 29 and 71 routes.[108]

Essex County Airport, managed by the Essex County Improvement Authority, is located in Fairfield.[109]

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Fairfield include:

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  2. 1 2 US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  3. 1 2 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 125.
  4. ↑ 2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 10, 2015.
  5. ↑ Administration, Fairfield Township. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  6. ↑ Municipal Clerk / Registrar, Fairfield Township. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  7. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Township of Fairfield, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 5, 2013.
  8. ↑ "2010 Census Populations: Essex County", Asbury Park Press. Accessed November 5, 2012
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Fairfield township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Municipalities Grouped by 2011-2020 Legislative Districts, New Jersey Department of State, p. 12. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  11. 1 2 3 Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Fairfield township, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  12. 1 2 PEPANNRES - Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 - 2014 Population Estimates for New Jersey municipalities, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  13. 1 2 3 4 GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  14. ↑ Look Up a ZIP Code for Fairfield, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  15. ↑ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  16. ↑ Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Fairfield, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  17. 1 2 American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  18. ↑ A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed October 28, 2012.
  19. ↑ US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  20. ↑ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  21. 1 2 Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 126. Accessed October 25, 2012.
  22. ↑ "Chapter VI: Municipal Names and Municipal Classification", p. 73. New Jersey State Commission on County and Municipal Government, 1992. Accessed September 24, 2015.
  23. ↑ "Removing Tiering From The Revenue Sharing Formula Would Eliminate Payment Inequities To Local Governments", Government Accountability Office, April 15, 1982. Accessed September 24, 2015. "In 1978, South Orange Village was the first municipality to change its name to the 'township' of South Orange Village effective beginning in entitlement period 10 (October 1978 to September 1979). The Borough of Fairfield in 1978 changed its designation by a majority vote of the electorate and became the 'Township of Fairfield' effective beginning entitlement period 11 (October 1979 to September 1980).... However, the Revenue Sharing Act was not changed and the actions taken by South Orange and Fairfield prompted the Town of Montclair and West Orange to change their designation by referendum in the November 4, 1980, election. The municipalities of Belleville, Verona, Bloomfield, Nutley, Essex Fells, Caldwell, and West Caldwell have since changed their classification from municipality to a township."
  24. ↑ Narvaez, Alfonso A. "New Jersey Journal", The New York Times, December 27, 1981. Accessed September 24, 2015. "Under the Federal system, New Jersey's portion of the revenue sharing funds is disbursed among the 21 counties to create three 'money pools.' One is for county governments, one for 'places' and a third for townships. By making the change, a community can use the 'township advantage' to get away from the category containing areas with low per capita incomes."
  25. ↑ Poekel Jr., Charles A. West Essex: Essex Fells, Fairfield, North Caldwell and Roseland, Arcadia Publishing, 1999, 2004
  26. ↑ Van Ness, Peter, Farmhouse, Fairfield Rd., FAIRFIELD VIC., Essex County, NJ., Library of Congress Historic American Buildings Survey. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  27. ↑ A Brief History of Fairfield Reformed Church, Reformed Church of America. Accessed October 10, 2013. "At the turn of the century it was decided to erect a new church building 1/2 mile north of the old one. Made of brownstone from a Little Falls quarry, the new structure was constructed in 1804. Several decades later a tall white steeple and a balcony were added.Today the congregation continues to worship in the same historic building and the tall white steeple remains physically prominent in the community."
  28. ↑ Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  29. ↑ Great Piece Meadows , Wildlife Preserves. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  30. ↑ Census Estimates for New Jersey April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  31. ↑ Compendium of censuses 1726-1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed July 10, 2013.
  32. ↑ Bowen, Francis. American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge for the Year 1843, p. 231, David H. Williams, 1842. Accessed July 10, 2013. Population of 2,183 is listed for Caldwell Township, in conflict with 2,184 shown in table.
  33. ↑ Raum, John O. The History of New Jersey: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, Volume 1, p. 241, J. E. Potter and company, 1877. Accessed July 10, 2013. "Caldwell was formed from Newark and Acquackannonck in 1798. It is about seven miles long by four wide. On its north is Little Falls and Wayne, in Passaic county, and Pequannock in Morris county, Montclair on the east, West Orange and Livingston on the south, and Hanover and Montville, Morris county, on the west. In the eastern part are the First and Second mountains, and the remainder of the township abounds in hills. The population in 1850 was 2,377; in 1860, 2,688; and in 1870, 2,727."
  34. ↑ Debow, James Dunwoody Brownson. The Seventh Census of the United States: 1850, p. 138. R. Armstrong, 1853. Accessed July 10, 2013.
  35. ↑ Staff. A compendium of the ninth census, 1870, p. 259. United States Census Bureau, 1872. Accessed July 10, 2013.
  36. ↑ Porter, Robert Percival. Preliminary Results as Contained in the Eleventh Census Bulletins: Volume III - 51 to 75, p. 98. United States Census Bureau, 1890. Accessed July 10, 2013.
  37. ↑ Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890, United States Census Bureau, p. 336. Accessed November 5, 2012. Listed as Caldwell Township.
  38. ↑ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 716. Accessed November 5, 2012. Listed as Caldwell Township.
  39. ↑ New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Fairfield township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Fairfield township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  42. ↑ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Fairfield township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  43. ↑ NYCOMED US INC. ACQUIRES BRADLEY PHARMACEUTICALS, INC., Fougera, February 21, 2008. Accessed November 5, 2012. "Nycomed has announced that the PharmaDerm headquarters will be located in Florham Park, New Jersey. The Company will be transitioning key employees from Bradley's Fairfield corporate headquarters building to Florham Park over the next several months."
  44. ↑ About Us, Cricket Hill. Accessed November 5, 2012. "Cricket Hill is a microbrewery located in Fairfield, NJ. In 2002, we brewed our first beers East Coast Lager and American Ale."
  45. ↑ Corporate Profile, Critical Links. Accessed November 5, 2012. "Critical Links is a venture backed company headquartered in Fairfield, New Jersey, and with offices in Portugal, United Kingdom and India."
  46. ↑ Kilgannon, Corey. "At Home of ‘As Seen on TV,’ a Chance for Inventors", The New York Times, December 15, 2009. Accessed November 5, 2012. "Norberto Ponce pitched his invention, the Mower Buddy, to A.J. Khubani, the founder and CEO of TeleBrands, at its headquarters in Fairfield, N.J."
  47. ↑ "The Faulkner Act: New Jersey's Optional Municipal Charter Law", New Jersey State League of Municipalities, July 2007. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  48. 1 2 Fairfield Township Mayor and Council, Township of Fairfield. Accessed January 16, 2015. "Fairfield Township is a Mayor - Council form of government under the New Jersey Faulkner Act (Small Municipality Plan 'C')."
  49. ↑ 2014 Municipal Data Sheet, Township of Fairfield. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  50. ↑ Essex County 2014 General Election November 4, 2014, Essex County, New Jersey Clerk. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  51. ↑ Essex County 2013 General Election - Unofficial Results November 5, 2013, Essex County, New Jersey Clerk. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  52. ↑ Essex County 2012 General Election - Unofficial Results November 6, 2012, Essex County, New Jersey Clerk. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  53. ↑ Staff. "Councils, school boards, reorganize for new year", The Progress News, January 2, 2014. Accessed June 30, 2014. "Republicans Joseph Cifelli and Michael B. McGlynn will be sworn in to three-year terms on the all-Republican Township Council during its reorganization, at 7:30 p.m. Monday, Jan. 6."
  54. ↑ Mazzola, Jessica; and Wichert, Bill. "Essex County election results 2014", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, November 4, 2014. Accessed January 16, 2015.
  55. ↑ Lee, Eunice. "Essex County election results 2013: Local, county, school races", The Star-Ledger, November 5, 2013. Accessed January 16, 2015.
  56. ↑ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  57. ↑ 2015 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, p. 57, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed May 22, 2015.
  58. ↑ Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  59. ↑ 2011 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, p. 57, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed May 22, 2015.
  60. ↑ Directory of Representatives: New Jersey, United States House of Representatives. Accessed January 5, 2012.
  61. ↑ About Cory Booker, United States Senate. Accessed January 26, 2015. "He now owns a home and lives in Newark's Central Ward community."
  62. ↑ Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate, January 26, 2015. "He currently lives in Paramus and has two children, Alicia and Robert."
  63. ↑ Senators of the 114th Congress from New Jersey. United States Senate. Accessed January 26, 2015. "Booker, Cory A. - (D - NJ) Class II; Menendez, Robert - (D - NJ) Class I"
  64. ↑ Legislative Roster 2016-2017 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 17, 2016.
  65. ↑ "About the Governor". State of New Jersey. Retrieved 2010-01-21.
  66. ↑ "About the Lieutenant Governor". State of New Jersey. Retrieved 2010-01-21.
  67. 1 2 General Information, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014. "The Board of Chosen Freeholders consists of nine members, five of whom are elected from districts and four of whom are elected at-large. They are elected for three-year concurrent terms and may be re-elected to successive terms at the annual election in November."
  68. ↑ Essex County Executive, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  69. 1 2 Essex County Elected Officials, Essex County Clerk, as of February 2012. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  70. ↑ Definition of a Freeholder, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  71. ↑ Blonnie R. Watson, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  72. ↑ Patricia Sebold, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  73. ↑ Rufus I. Johnson, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  74. ↑ Lee, Eunice. "Labor leader from South Orange tapped as new Essex County freeholder", The Star-Ledger, December 19, 2012. Accessed July 9, 2014. "A longtime labor union leader from South Orange was sworn in this afternoon as the newest Essex County freeholder.Gerald Owens, 74, is a general organizer for the International Longshoremen's Association.... Owens is filling the seat vacated by former at-large freeholder Donald Payne Jr., who stepped down from the post last month after securing the 10th Congressional District seat left open by his late father."
  75. ↑ Rolando Bobadilla, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  76. ↑ D. Bilal Beasley, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  77. ↑ Carol Y. Clark, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  78. ↑ Leonard M. Luciano, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  79. ↑ Brendan W. Gill, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  80. ↑ The Board of Chosen Freeholders, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  81. ↑ Breakdown of Freeholder Districts, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  82. ↑ About Christopher J. Durkin, Essex County Clerk. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  83. ↑ Armando B. Fontoura - Essex County Sheriff, Essex County Sheriff's Office. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  84. ↑ Office of Surrogate, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  85. ↑ County Directory, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 9, 2014.
  86. ↑ Voter Registration Summary - Essex, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  87. ↑ "Presidential General Election Results - November 6, 2012 - Essex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  88. ↑ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 6, 2012 - General Election Results - Essex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  89. ↑ 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  90. ↑ 2004 Presidential Election: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  91. ↑ "Governor - Essex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  92. ↑ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 5, 2013 - General Election Results - Essex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  93. ↑ 2009 Governor: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  94. ↑ District information for Fairfield School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed September 17, 2014.
  95. ↑ School Data for the Fairfield School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed September 17, 2014.
  96. ↑ Adlai E. Stevenson Elementary School, Fairfield School District. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  97. ↑ Winston Churchill School, Fairfield School District. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  98. ↑ Schools, Fairfield School District. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  99. ↑ New Jersey School Directory for the Fairfield School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  100. ↑ West Essex Regional High School 2014 Report Card Narrative, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed February 17, 2015. "West Essex Regional High School is located in North Caldwell and serves the four area sending districts of Essex Fells, Fairfield, North Caldwell, and Roseland."
  101. ↑ Home page, West Essex Regional School District, backed up by the Internet Archive as of December 24, 2011. Accessed October 10, 2013. "The West Essex Regional School District is proud to celebrate 50 years of providing excellent educational opportunities for the students of Fairfield, Essex Fells, North Caldwell and Roseland. West Essex will be coordinating efforts to celebrate this golden anniversary as we move through 2011."
  102. ↑ School Data for the West Essex Regional School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed November 6, 2012.
  103. ↑ West Essex Regional Middle School, West Essex Regional School District. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  104. ↑ West Essex Regional High School, West Essex Regional School District. Accessed June 30, 2014.
  105. ↑ New Jersey School Directory for the West Essex Regional School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  106. ↑ About Us, StenoTech Career Institute. Accessed October 10, 2013.
  107. ↑ Essex County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.
  108. ↑ Essex County Bus / Rail Connections, New Jersey Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of March 22, 2010. Accessed November 5, 2012.
  109. ↑ Home page, Essex County Airport. Accessed November 5, 2012. "The Essex County Airport also known as 'Caldwell Airport' is conveniently located in Fairfield, NJ. Just Thirty Minutes from Manhattan via the Lincoln Tunnel or George Washington Bridge."
  110. ↑ Kaabe, Michael. "Celebrating the Stage: Theater News", Asbury Park Press, September 19, 2008. Accessed November 5, 2012. "One of the nominees this year for Outstanding Performance By An Actor is Joey La Varco, originally from Fairfield."
  111. ↑ Annan-Brady, Rita. "Actor’s Life Is Goal Of Jake Siciliano, 10, Of Fairfield", The Progress News, August 14, 2009. Accessed September 7, 2015. "He may be small in stature, but 10-year old Jake Siciliano of Fairfield is getting some pretty big roles in the movies and on television."
  112. ↑ Staff. "Field Hockey Assistant Coach Michelle Vizzuso Chosen As New Jersey Player Of Century", Virginia Cavaliers, October 11, 1999. Accessed November 5, 2012. "Virginia assistant field hockey coach Michelle Vizzuso (Fairfield, N.J./West Essex) was named the state's best field hockey player of the 20th century by the Newark Star-Ledger."

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