Fibrillation

Fibrillation is the rapid, irregular, and unsynchronized contraction of muscle fibers. An important occurrence is with regard to the heart.

Cardiology

There are two major classes of cardiac fibrillation: atrial fibrillation and ventricular fibrillation.

Fibrillation may sometimes be used after heart surgery to stop the heart from beating while any minor leaks are stitched up.

Musculoskeletal

Fibrillation also occurs with individual skeletal muscle fibers.[1] This happens when muscle fibers lose contact with their innervating axon producing a spontaneous action potential, "fibrillation potential" that results in the muscle fiber's contraction. These contractions are not visible under the skin and are detectable through needle electromyography (EMG) and ultrasound.[2] Fibrillations can occur in healthy individuals. If the fibrillation have irregular potentials then they don't have pathological significance.[3] In other cases they are a major symptom in acute and severe peripheral nerve disorders, in myopathies in which muscle fibers are split or inflamed, and lower motor neuron lesions.

They contrast with fasciculations that are visible spontaneous contractions involving small groups of muscle fibers. Also, fasciculation does not necessarily denote pathology, as does fibrillation, although it can be seen in lower motor neuron lesions as well.

References

  1. "fibrillation" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  2. Pillen S, Nienhuis M, van Dijk JP, Arts IM, van Alfen N, Zwarts MJ. (2009). Muscles alive: ultrasound detects fibrillations. Clin Neurophysiol. 120(5):932-6. PMID 19356976 doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2009.01.016
  3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC492832/
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Tuesday, March 29, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.