Flying Dutchman (dinghy)

Flying Dutchman

Class symbol
Current specifications
Crew 2
Type Monohull
Design One-Design
Construction GRP
Cold moulded plywood
Composite (Wood/GRP)
Rig Bermuda rig
Keel Centerboard
Trapeze Single trapeze
LOA 6.06 m (19.9 ft)
LWL 5.5 m (18 ft)
Beam 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)
Draft 0.15 m (5.9 in)
1.07 m (3 ft 6 in)
Hull weight 130 kg (290 lb)
Main & jib area 18.6 m2 (200 sq ft)
Mainsail area 10.2 m2 (110 sq ft)
Jib / Genoa area 8.4 m2 (90 sq ft)
Spinnaker area 21 m2 (230 sq ft)
D-PN 80.1[1]
RYA PN 879[2]
PHRF 150.6
Development
Year 1951
Designer Uus Van Essen
Conrad Gulcher
Location Netherlands
Role International class
Former Olympic class (Vintage Yachting class)

The Flying Dutchman (FD) is a 20-foot one-design high-performance two-person monohull racing dinghy. Developed in the early 1950s, its large sail area per unit weight allow it to plane easily when sailing upwind. The boat utilizes a trapeze harness for the crew and hiking straps for the skipper to counterbalance the wind force on its sails. It made its Olympic debut at the 1960 Olympics Games.

The FD is still one of the fastest racing dinghies in the world.[3] She carries a mainsail, a very large foresail genoa, and a large spinnaker for running and reaching. The FD has been the basis for many important innovations in sailing over the past half century:

These innovations were possible because the FD was left as an "open" one-design class, where innovation and development in the boat is allowed and encouraged. Parameters that influence the speed of the boat directly, including hull shape, weight, and sail area are strictly controlled, but other areas can be adapted to suit.

The FD was sailed in Olympic competitions from 1960 Olympic Games through the 1992 Olympic Games. Since 2008 the FD is one of the Vintage Yachting Classes at the Vintage Yachting Games.

History

FD USA 1488 a 1990 MADER Composite construction modern Flying Dutchman

It was in the late 1940s that the IYRU instigated a new modern 2-man international dinghy, the Tornado. She was not a success, as there was no leap forward compared to the existing pre-war classes. The Royal Loosdrecht Yacht Club of Conrad Gulcher obtained half a dozen Tornados and found them very uninspiring. Conrad imagined that with modern construction methods and the use of moulded ply, a better dinghy could be constructed. Conrad with the help of Uus Van Essen, a naval architect and measurer for the Dutch Yachting Federation made a preliminary design early in September 1951. The design was sent to 30 top class helmsmen in Europe, including Bossom (SUI), John Cahmier (GBR), Charles Curry (GBR), Manfred Curry (GER), Ferry Laagwater (NED), Stewart Morris (GBR), Morits Skaugen (NOR) and Shorty Trimingham (BER), with the request to comment within two weeks. By the end of September 23 responses had been returned with suggestions for modifications to the design of the boat.

Mr. Loeff, chairman of the Dutch Yachting Federation, agreed to discuss the boat at the November meeting of the IYRU, but required he see her sail first. As no prototype yet existed, this was hardly feasible to accomplish, but Conrad had the mould and hull built in one week, and the mast cut, stepped and the boat rigged in another. The boat was designed to be very simple, and consequently inexpensive to produce. The easily repeatable measurement system defined by Uss van Essen aided to that end. It took to the water against the 12m2 Sharpie and the Tornado dinghy at Loosdrecht one week before the IYRU meetings. Mr. Loeff was impressed, and took the plans to the IYRU for discussion. It was decided to hold trials for the new boat class in the summer of 1952 in the Netherlands, and the name of the design, Flying Dutchman, was born. The trials were held on the Loosdrecht lakes and on the open water of the IJsselmeer at Muiden. Seventeen boats participated, some one-designs like the Osprey and Typhoon, and others were from existing classes, including Hornet, Thistle, Sharpie, and Rennjolle. The results clearly showed the new boat to be a success, and the FD was adopted. However the boat was initially set with the limitation "for continental lakes only".

Paul Henderson in FD KC 41
(Early 1960s FD) 
Fred Imhoff (Helm) and Simon Korver
Late 1960s FD 
Flying Dutchman with spinnaker chute
(21st century FD) 

Another set of trials were set up for 1953 at La Baule on the open sea. Meanwhile, the small jib in the initial design was replaced with the Genoa, and a trapeze was added. At La Baule there were again one-designs such as the Coronet, a smaller version of which later became the 505. Off the wind the Coronet with her bigger spinnaker and mainsail was faster, but upwind the FD won. Afterwards it was clear that the FD did very well on the open sea, and the "lakes" limitation was lifted. The Class started to blossom, thanks largely to the promotional activities of Conrad and a well structured Class Organisation.

In 1957 the FD was selected to replace the Sharpie at the 1960 Olympic Games in Naples. By the 1960s there were "FD" fleets throughout the world, including Lebanon, Morocco, Portuguese East Africa, Argentina, Venezuela, Thailand, along with fleets forming in Europe, the USA, Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand.

Many well known yachtsmen have spent time competing in the FD, including Paul Elvstrom, Hans Fogh, Ben Lexcen, Peder Lunde, Stewart Morris, Keith Musto, André Nelis, Yves and Marc Pajot, Rodney Pattisson, Ted Turner, Jon Turner, David Wilkins, the deKleer brothers, and Buddy Melges.

Wall of Fame

Olympic Games

Source:[4]

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1  Great Britain (GBR) 2 2 1 5
2  Spain (ESP) 2 0 0 2
3  Germany (GER) 1 1 2 4
4  Denmark (DEN) 1 1 1 3
 United States (USA) 1 1 1 3
6  Norway (NOR) 1 1 0 2
7  New Zealand (NZL) 1 0 0 1
8  Canada (CAN) 0 1 1 2
9  France (FRA) 0 1 0 1
 Ireland (IRL) 0 1 0 1
11  Brazil (BRA) 0 0 2 2
12  Hungary (HUN) 0 0 1 1
99927
Event Gold Silver Bronze
1960 Rome
 Norway (NOR)
Peder Lunde, Jr.
Bjørn Bergvall
 Denmark (DEN)
Hans Fogh
Ole Erik Petersen
 Germany (EUA)
Rolf Mulka
Ingo Von Bredow
1964 Tokyo
 New Zealand (NZL)
Helmer Pedersen
Earle Wells
 Great Britain (GBR)
Keith Musto
Tony Morgan
 United States (USA)
Harry Melges
William Bentsen
1968 Mexico City
 Great Britain (GBR)
Rodney Pattisson
Iain MacDonald-Smith
 West Germany (FRG)
Ulli Libor
Peter Naumann
 Brazil (BRA)
Reinaldo Conrad
Burkhard Cordes
1972 Kiel
 Great Britain (GBR)
Rodney Pattisson
Christopher Davies
 France (FRA)
Yves Pajot
Marc Pajot
 West Germany (FRG)
Ulli Libor
Peter Naumann
1976 Montreal
 West Germany (FRG)
Jörg Diesch
Eckart Diesch
 Great Britain (GBR)
Rodney Pattisson
Julian Brooke-Houghton
 Brazil (BRA)
Reinaldo Conrad
Peter Ficker
1980 Moscow
 Spain (ESP)
Alejandro Abascal
Miguel Noguer
 Ireland (IRL)
David Wilkins
James Wilkinson
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Detre
Zsolt Detre
1984 Los Angeles
 United States (USA)
Jonathan McKee
William Carl Buchan
 Canada (CAN)
Terry McLaughlin
Evert Bastet
 Great Britain (GBR)
Jonathan Richards
Peter Allam
1988 Seoul
 Denmark (DEN)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Christian Grønborg
 Norway (NOR)
Ole Pollen
Erik Björkum
 Canada (CAN)
Frank McLaughlin
John Millen
1992 Barcelona
 Spain (ESP)
Luis Doreste
Domingo Manrique
 United States (USA)
Paul Foerster
Stephen Bourdow
 Denmark (DEN)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Jens Bojsen-Møller

Vintage Yachting Games

Source:[5]

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1  Austria 1 1 0 2
2  Hungary 1 0 0 1
3  Germany 0 1 1 2
4  Spain 0 0 1 1
Event Gold Silver Bronze
2008
Netherlands
Medemblik
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthenyi
Andras Domokos
 Germany (GER)
Kilian Koenig
Johannes Brack
 Germany (GER)
Kai Schäfers
Markus Landgrebe
2012
Italy
Lake Como
 Austria (AUT)
Christoph Aichholzer
Philipp Zingerle
 Austria (AUT)
Silvia Aichholzer
Christoph Zingerle
 Spain (ESP)
Ginés Romero Bernabeu
Alvaro Moreno Egea
2016
United Kingdom
Weymouth Bay
Dates to be decided

Asian Games

Source:[6]

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1  Japan 1 0 0 1
2  Thailand 0 1 0 1
3  Indonesia 0 0 1 1
1113
Event Gold Silver Bronze
1970

Bangkok
 Japan (JPN)
Akira Yamamura
Takashi Yamamura
 Thailand (THA)
Dawee Chullasapya
Suthep Indrakosoom
 India (INA)
John Gunawan
David Udjulawa

Pan American Games

Source:[7]

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1  United States 2 2 0 4
2  Brazil 2 1 0 3
3  Canada 0 1 3 4
44310
Event Gold Silver Bronze
1959

Chicago
 United States (US)  Canada (KC)
1963

São Paulo
 Brazil (BL)  United States (US)  Canada (KC)
1967

Winnipeg
 United States (US)  Brazil (BL)  Canada (KC)
1971

Mexico City
 Brazil (BL)  United States (US)  Canada (KC)

World Championship

Source:[8]

Best medalists

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 Hungary115016
2 Denmark112114
3 West Germany86520
4 United Kingdom53311
5 Australia45413
6 United States3003
7 France25310
8 Netherlands24814
9  Switzerland2002
10 Germany17917
11 Italy13711
12 Spain1225
13 East Germany1113
14 Canada1034
15 New Zealand0516
16 Austria0112
 Soviet Union0112
18 Sweden0101
19 Brazil0011
 Norway0011
535151155

Multiple medallist

# Athlete Country Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
 Hungary 11 5 0 16
2 Jørgen Bojsen-Møller  Denmark 7 2 2 11
3 Jacob Bojsen-Møller  Denmark 5 2 2 9
4 Albert Batzill  Germany 4 2 1 7
5 Ian McCrossin
James Cook
 Australia 3 3 0 8
6 Rodney Pattison  United Kingdom 3 0 0 3

European Championship

Source:[9]

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 United Kingdom102214
2 Hungary6116
3 Denmark5319
4 West Germany23510
5 France2136
6  Switzerland2114
7 Italy2013
8 East Germany1416
9 Spain1315
10 Canada1113
11 Soviet Union1001
12 Germany0426
13 Norway0202
14 Austria0123
15 Netherlands0033
16 Australia0011
 Japan0011
31262683
Event Gold Silver Bronze
1955  Denmark (D)
Poul Elvstrøm
Aage Birch
1956  Italy (I)
Vittorio Porta
Beppe Barnao
1957   Switzerland (Z)
Pierre Siegenthaler
Michel Buzzi
1959

Juelsminde
 West Germany (G)
Detlev Kreidel
Joachim Möller
 Austria (OE)
Fereberger
 United Kingdom K)
Adrian Jardine
Angus Fryer
1960

Sandhamn
 Denmark (DEN)
Hans Fogh
Ole Gunnar Petersen
  Switzerland (Z)
Pierre Siegenthaler
Michel Buzzi
 United Kingdom K)
Dawes
1961

Attersee
  Switzerland (Z)
Pierre Siegenthaler
Michel Buzzi
 West Germany (G)
Kadelbach
 Netherlands (H)
Ben Verhagen
1962

Muiden
 United Kingdom K)
N. Wooderson Johnson
Christopher Davies
 Norway (N)
Peder Lunde, Jr.
Bjørn Bergvall
 France (F)
Auclair
1964

Whitstable
 United Kingdom K)
Keith Musto
Tony Morgan
 Denmark (D)
Hans Fogh
Ole Gunnar Petersen
 Austria (OE)
Geiger
Fisher
1966

Horten
 United Kingdom K)
John Oakeley
David Hunt
 United Kingdom K)
Keith Musto
Tony Morgan
 France (F)
Draeger
Gavier
1967

Bandol
 United Kingdom K)
John Oakeley
David Hunt
 United Kingdom K)
Rodney Pattison
Iain MacDonald-Smith
 Austria (OE)
Geiger
Fischer
1968

Balatonfüred
 United Kingdom K)
Rodney Pattison
Iain MacDonald-Smith
 France (F)
Bertrand Cheret
Bernard Trouble
 Netherlands (H)
Ben Verhagen
Nick de Jong
1969  United Kingdom K)
Rodney Pattison
Iain MacDonald-Smith
1970

Mar Menor
 United Kingdom K)
Rodney Pattison
Iain MacDonald-Smith
 East Germany (GO)
Herbert Hüttner
Dietmar Gede
 Italy (ITA)
Massone
1971  United Kingdom K)
Rodney Pattison
Julian Brooke
1972

Medemblik
 United Kingdom K)
Rodney Pattison
Christopher Davies
 Germany (G)
Ullrich Libor
Peter Naumann
 Netherlands (H)
Fred Imhoff
Simon Korver
1973

Thun
 East Germany (GO)
Herbert Hüttner
Ulf Pagenkopf
 East Germany (GO)
Fröbe
Mayer
 France (F)
Marc Pajot
Yves Pajot
1975

Travemünde
 United Kingdom K)
Rodney Pattison
Julian Brooke-Houghton
 West Germany (G)
Albert Batzill
Rudolf Batzill
  Switzerland (Z)
J. Hotz
A. Nicolet
1976

Hyères
 Canada (KC)
Hans Fogh
Evert Bastet
 East Germany (GO)
Uwe Steingross
Jörg Schramme
 West Germany (G)
Jörg Diesch
Eckart Diesch
1982

Silvaplana
 Denmark (D)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Jacob Bojsen-Møller
 West Germany (G)
Jörg Diesch
Eckart Diesch
 West Germany (G)
Wiesner
Dressendörfer
1986

Rijeka
 West Germany (G)
Jörg Diesch
Eckart Diesch
 Canada (KC)
Frank McLaughlin
John Millan
 Japan (J)
Sato
Wakanaga
1987  France (F)
Thierry Berger
Vincent Berger
 Denmark (D)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Jacob Bojsen-Møller
 Spain (E)
Luis Doreste
Andor Serra
1988

Palma de Mallorca
 Spain (E)
Luis Doreste
Miguel Noguer
 Norway (N)
Ole Petter Pollen
Erik Bjørkum
 West Germany (G)
Albert Batzill
Peter Lang
1989

Balatonfüred
 Hungary (M)
Tamás Pomucz
Béla Argay
 East Germany (GO)
Ulf Lehmann
Stefan Mädicke
 East Germany (GO)
Jörn Borowski
Matthias Kroh
1990  Soviet Union (SR)
Georgy Shayduko
Viktor Budanzev
 Spain (E)
Luis Doreste
Domingo Manrique
 West Germany (G)
Andreas Willim
Carsten Kemmling
1991  Italy (I)
Luca Santella
Flavio Grassi
 Spain (E)
Luis Doreste
Domingo Manrique
 West Germany (G)
Albert Batzill
Peter Lang
1992  France (FRA)
Thierry Berger
Vincent Berger
 Spain (ESP)
Luis Doreste
Domingo Manrique
 Canada (CAN)
Frank McLaughlin
John Millen
1997

Mar Menor
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
 Germany (GER)
Michael Dorrer
Josef Seebauer
 Germany (GER)
Andreas Gillwald
Martin Romberg
2000

Elba
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
 Germany (GER)
Hans-Peter Schwarz
Roland Kirst
 Denmark (DEN)
Jørgen Schønherr
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
2003

Dervio
 Denmark (DEN)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Jacob Bojsen-Møller
 Germany (GER)
Hans-Peter Schwarz
Roland Kirst
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
2006

Neusiedl
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
 Denmark (DEN)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Jacob Bojsen-Møller
 Germany (GER)
Dirk Bogumil
Michael Lisken
2008

Rabac
 Denmark (DEN)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Jacob Bojsen-Møller
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
 Australia (AUS)
Norman Rydge
Richard Scarr
2012

Altea
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
 Denmark (DEN)
Jørgen Bojsen-Møller
Jacob Bojsen-Møller
 Netherlands (NED)
Enno Kramer
Ard Geelkerken
2015

Umag
 Hungary (HUN)
Szabolcs Majthényi
András Domokos
 Netherlands (NED)
Enno Kramer
Ard Geelkerken

References

External links

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