Free People's State of Württemberg

For other uses, see Württemberg (disambiguation).
Free People's State of Württemberg
Freier Volksstaat Württemberg
State of Germany
←
1918–1945 →
 
→
Flag Coat of arms (1922)
Location of Württemberg (red) within Germany.
Capital Stuttgart
Government Republic
President
 • 1918–1920 (first) Wilhelm Blos
 • 1933–1945 (last) Christian Mergenthaler
Reichsstatthalter
 • 1933–1945 Wilhelm Murr
Historical era Interwar period
 • Established 9 November 1918
 • Constitution enacted 29 September 1919
 • Abolition (de facto) 7 April 1933
 • Abolition (de jure) 1945
Area
 • 1925[1] 19,508 km2 (7,532 sq mi)
Population
 • 1925[2] 2,580,235 
Density 132.3 /km2  (342.6 /sq mi)

The Free People's State of Württemberg (German: Freier Volksstaat Württemberg) was a state in Württemberg, Germany, during the Weimar Republic.

1918 revolution

As Germany underwent violent revolution near the end of World War I, the Kingdom of Württemberg was transformed from a monarchy to a democratic republic without bloodshed; its borders and internal administration remained unchanged. King Wilhelm II abdicated on 30 November 1918. Following the introduction of its new constitution and the Weimar Constitution in 1919, Württemberg was re-established as a member state of the German Reich.[3]

In comparison to the political turmoil that plagued Weimar Germany, political development in Württemberg was driven by continuity and stability. The three legislative periods of the Württemberg parliament from 1920 to 1932 each ran the full prescribed length of four years, unlike at the federal level. The social democrats lost their influence in Württemberg early in the state’s history, with conservative coalitions forming government from 1924 to 1933. Despite the many financial crises that affected Germany during the 1920s and 1930s, the economic development of Württemberg proceeded better than in many other German states and its capital – Stuttgart – became a regional centre of finance and culture.

1933–1952

With the Nazi seizure of federal power in 1933 and the following elimination of all non-Nazi organisations (Gleichschaltung), Württemberg and all other German states were abolished, in spirit if not in law. It was merged briefly into the "gau" of Württemberg-Hohenzollern. After World War II, Württemberg was split between the US and French Allied Occupation Zones in Germany and became parts of two new states: Württemberg-Baden (run by the Americans) and a smaller Württemberg-Hohenzollern run by the French. These two states were merged with Baden in 1952 to form the modern German state of Baden-Württemberg.

The former Free People's State coat of arms was lately used by the Porsche family as inspiration to create the logo of Porsche company, moved from Austria to Stuttgart in the aftermath of World War II and the beginning of West German Miracle.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Beckmanns Welt-Lexikon und Welt-Atlas. Leipzig / Vienna: Verlagsanstalt Otto Beckmann. 1931.
  2. ↑ Beckmanns Welt-Lexikon und Welt-Atlas. Leipzig / Vienna: Verlagsanstalt Otto Beckmann. 1931.
  3. ↑ Article 1 of the Württemberg constitution (25 September 1919) states: "Württemberg is a democratic republic and member of the German Reich. Its state authority is exerted in accordance with both this constitution and German national law". Article 2 of the Weimar Constitution (11 August 1919) states: "The territory of the German Reich consists of the territory of its member states."

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