Generalstabsarzt
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Austria-Hungary Common Army equivalen to "Major general", and the more senior “Generalstabsarzt” of the German 
Bundeswehr (equivalent ”Generalmajor” OF7), or “Generalstabsarzt” of the 
Wehrmacht (equivalent to ”Generalleutnant”, also OF7).Generalstabsarzt and Admiralstabsarzt are in German armed forces the rank designations of the second highest grad of the generals rank group.
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| Rank insignia | German medical service ranks | ||
| Introduction | |||
| Rank group | Commissioned officers | ||
| Navy | AdmStArzt (ASA) | ||
| Army / Air Force | GenStArzt (GSA) | ||
| NATO equivalent | OF-7 | ||
| US Army/Airn Force | Assistant Surgeon General | ||
| US Navy | Deputy Surgeon General | ||
Germany
Bundeswehr
Generalstabsarzt and Admiralstabsarzt are the second highest general ranks of the Joint Medical Service or the military medical area of the Bundeswehr.
Normally the Bundeswehr Surgeon General of the medical service (de: Inspekteur des Sanitätsdienstes) might be assigned.
Equivalent to that two-star ranks (NATO-Rangcode OF-7) are Generalmajor (en: Major general) of the German Army or German Air Force, and the Konteradmiral (en: Rear admiral) of the German Navy.
Address
The manner of formal addressing of military surgeons with the rank Generalarzt (OF6, one-star), Generalstabsarzt (OF7, two stars) or Generaloberstabsarzt is, „Herr/Frau Generalarzt“. At the other hand, military surgeons with the rank Admiralarzt (OF6, one-star), Admiralstabsarzt (OF7, two stars) or Admiraloberstabsarzt is, „Herr/Frau Admiralarzt“.
Rank insignias
On the shoulder straps (Heer, Luftwaffe) there are two golden stars in golden oak leaves and the career insignia (de: Laufbahnabzeichen) as symbol of the medical standing, or course of studies. Regarding the Marine, the career insignia is in the middle of both sleeves, tree cm above the cuff strips, and on the shoulder straps between strips and button.
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| junior Rank Generalarzt Admiralarzt |
 German medical officer rank Generalstabsarzt Admiralstabsarzt |
senior Rank Generaloberstabsarzt Admiraloberstabsarzt |
History
Wehrmacht 1933 – 1945
Generalstabsarzt, Generlstabsveterinär, and Admiralstabsarzt were the second highest general ranks (OF7) of the military medical service of the German Wehrmacht from 1933 until 1945. Equivalent to these ranks were Generalmajor of Heer and Luftwaffe, Vizeadmiral of the Kriegsmarine, and SS-Gruppenführer and Generalmajor of the Waffen-SS.
The sequence of ranks was:
- Generalarzt (OF6)
- Genralstabsarzt (OF7)
- Generaloberstabsarzt (OF8)
- Rank insignias Generalstabsarzt Heer/Luftwaffe
| Rank insignias (dress and service uniform) | ||||
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(as GenOStArzt with 1 star) |
(as GenOStVet with 1 star) |
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Kriegsmarine
The equivalent to Generalstabsarzt of the Wehrmacht was the Admiralstabsarzt of the Kriegsmarine.
| Shoulder strap & cuff stripes like Vizeadmiral, However, additionally with Caduceus |
| Ranks Wehrmacht until 1945[1] |  Ranks | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical service | en | Equivalent Heer | en | |
| Generaloberstabsarzt | Senior Staff-Surgeon General | General der Waffengattung | General ... | OF8 |
| Generalstabsarzt | Staff-Surgeon General | Generalleutnant | Lieutenant general | OF7 |
| Generalarzt | Surgeon General | Generalmajor | Major general | OF6 |
| Oberstarzt | Colonel (Dr.) | Oberst | Colonel | OF5 |
| Oberfeldarzt | Lieutenant colonel (Dr.) | Oberstleutnant | Lieutenant colonel | OF4 |
| Oberstabsarzt | Major (Dr.) | OF3 | ||
| Stabsarzt | Captain (Dr.) | Hauptmann | Captain | OF2 |
| Oberarzt | First lieutenant (Dr.) | Oberleutnant | First lieutenant | OF1a |
| Assistenzarzt | Second lieutenant (Dr.) | Leutnant | Second lieutenant | OF1b |
| Unterarzt | Oberfähnrich (Dr.) | Oberfähnrich | Officer Aspirant | OR7[2] |
Germany before 1933
In Prussia and Bavaria Generalstabsarzt der Armee (en: Surgeon General of the Army) was an appointment and the official title of the Chief of the entire military medical service. Officers, assigned to that particular staff position, could rise in ranks op to Generalleutnant (OF7).
In the first instance the Generalstabsarzt of the Prussian Army could be promoted to the Oberst OF5-rank. Since 1856 he could rise to Generalmajor, and since 1873 to Generalleutnant. At the same time the Generalstabsarzt was Chief of the Medical department of the Prussian Ministry of War, and Chief of the Medical corps. He was also superior to the Generalarzt.
Equivalent authority, mandate and competence was with the Generalstabsarzt of the Imperial German Navy. He was also Chief of the Medical division in the German Imperial Naval Office, and Chief of the Navy´s Medical corps.
Austria-Hungary
In the Austria-Hungarian Heer there were two regular Generalstabsarzt staff positions established. One Generalstabsarzt was Chie of the Medical division of the Reichskriegsministerium and Chief of the military surgeon officer corps. The second Generalstabsarzt was Praeses of the Military medical committee. That particular rank was comparable to the Generalmajor OF6-rank (Major general).
In some cases a Surgen General of a Generalkommando (en: Army corps or Corps — XXX —) could be promoted to the rank of Generalstabsarzt.
Officers with that rank
- Johann Traugott Dreyer von der Iller (1804-1871), k. k. Generalstabsarzt
- Felix von Kraus (1805-1875), r. med., Generalstabsarzt und Sanitätsreferent
| Ranks k.u.k. Army until 1918 | Ranks | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical service | en | Equivalent Heer | en | |
| Generalstabsarzt | Staff-Surgeon General | Generalmajor | Major general | OF6 |
| Oberstabsarzt I. Klasse | Colonel (Dr. 1st class) | Oberst | Colonel | OF5 |
| Oberstabsarzt II. Klasse | Lieutenant colonel (Dr. 2nd class) | Oberstleutnant | Lieutenant colonel | OF4 |
| Stabsarzt | Major (Dr.) | OF3 | ||
| Regimentsarzt I. Klasse | Captain (Dr. 1st class) | Hauptmann | Captain | OF2 |
| Regimentsarzt II. Klasse | Captain (Dr. 2nd class) | |||
| Oberarzt | First lieutenant (Dr.) | Oberleutnant | First lieutenant | OF1a |
| Assistenzarzt | Secon lieutenant (Dr.) | Leutnant | Second lieutenant | OF1b |
Relevant literature
- Neumann, Alexander: Arzttum ist immer Kämpfertum - Die Heeressanitätsinspektion und das Amt "Chef des Wehrmachtsanitätswesens" im Zweiten Weltkrieg (1939-1945), 2005. ISBN 3-7700-1618-1
- Süß, Winfried: Der "Völkskörper" im Krieg: Gesundheitspolitik, Gesundheitsverhältnisse und Krankenmord im nationalsozialistischen Deutschland 1939-1945, 2003. ISBN 3-486-56719-5
References
- ↑ F. Altrichter: “The reserve officer”, fourteenth checked addition, Berlin 1941, pages 158-159. (Original title: F. Altrichter: „Der Reserveoffizier“, vierzehnte durchgesehene Auflage, Berlin 1941, Seiten 158-159.)
- ↑ The abbreviation "OR" stands for "Other Ranks / fr: sous-officiers et militaires du rang / ru:другие ранги, кроме офицероф"