Gernrode

Gernrode
Stadtteil of Quedlinburg
Historic centre
Coat of arms
Gernrode
Coordinates: 51°43′28″N 11°8′21″E / 51.72444°N 11.13917°ECoordinates: 51°43′28″N 11°8′21″E / 51.72444°N 11.13917°E
Country	Germany
State	Saxony-Anhalt
District	Harz
Town	Quedlinburg
Area
• Total	34.07 km^2 (13.15 sq mi)
Population (2012-12-31)
• Total	3,533
• Density	100/km^2 (270/sq mi)
Time zone	CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes	06507
Dialling codes	039485
Vehicle registration	HZ
Website	www.stadt-gernrode.de

Gernrode is a town and a former municipality in the Harz District, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2014, it has been part of the town Quedlinburg.^[1] It was the seat of the former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("municipal association") of Gernrode/Harz.

First mentioned in 961, Gernrode received the privilege to bear its own coat of arms and seal, commonly regarded as town privileges. The town is best known for the Ottonian church of Saint Cyriakus, the collegiate church of the former Imperial chapter of nuns, and as the start of the narrow gauge Selke Valley Railway.

Gernrode has a population of around 3,500.

Geography

Gernrode is situated at the northeastern rim of the Harz mountain range and the Harz/Saxony-Anhalt Nature Park, about 6.5 km (4.0 mi) south of Quedlinburg. It lies at 215 m (705 ft) above sea level, at the foot of the Ramberg massif. It is nationally recognized for its health facilities and has state recognition as a spa town, where one may take the cure and recuperate in general (staatlich anerkannter Kur- und Erholungsort).

The town is also known as 'Gernrode/Harz', because of its location in the Harz mountains, and to distinguish it from Gernrode in the district of Eichsfeld in Thuringia, also called 'Gernrode (Eichsfeld)'.

History

Imperial Abbey of St Cyriacus in Gernrode
Reichsabtei Sankt Cyriakus in Gernrode
Imperial Abbey of the Holy Roman Empire
← 999–1570 (de facto) 999–1728 (de jure) →
Capital		Gernrode
Government		Theocracy
Historical era		Middle Ages
•	Founded by Gero	959
•	Gained Reichsfreiheit     from Emperor Otto II	25 March 964
•	Abbess raised to     gubernatrix	999
•	Askanian protection	1149–1616
•	Gernrode named a city	1539
•	Elizabeth III     last elected abbess	1564–70
•	Abbey formally     transferred to Anhalt     by Emp. Charles VI	1728
•	Final investiture of abbot     by Emp. Francis II	1802
Today part of		Germany

Margrave Gero founded the convent of St. Cyriacus (St. Cyriakus) in 960 (within the grounds of the fortifications built about the same time). Gero also founded the collegiate church of St. Cyriacus for the convent, which the Holy Roman Emperor Otto the Great took under his special protection in 961. Gero brought back relics of St. Cyriacus for the church from his second trip to Rome in 963. The convent was disbanded in 1570, when the last abbess married.

The church of St. Cyriacus in Gernrode

Emperor Frederick I, who stayed in Gernrode in 1188, donated a bell in that year to the St. Stephan church (Stephanikirche, also known as the Market church or Marktkirche), the second historical church in the city. The church was built in 1046, and has been an elementary school since 1847.

Gernrode received brewing rights in 1545. Beer brewing has since stopped, but a distillery is still present in the city. The city was traditionally part of the Duchy of Anhalt and a district of Ballenstedt. From 1037 to 1740 lead and silver were mined here. Matches and guns were also made in Gernrode.

The Protestant Reformation came to Anhalt and Gernrode in 1521. A Protestant elementary school was founded in 1533. The building was used as a school until 1847, and may be the oldest such school in Germany. Parts of Gernrode were burnt in the Thirty Years' War (twice, in 1631 and 1635). It had 2,533 Protestant inhabitants in 1885.

In 1945, at the end of the Second World War, Gernrode was taken by American troops without a battle, followed by occupation by Soviet troops. Gernrode celebrated its 1,000th year in 1961 and 450th year as a town in 1989. It was part of East Germany from 1949 until German Reunification in 1990. In 2001, celebrations to honour Otto I were held. Between 1 January 2011 and 19 February 2013, Gernrode was part of the town Quedlinburg,^[2][3] and again after 1 January 2014.^[1]

Infrastructure

Transport

Selke Valley Railway

Gernrode is the starting point of the Selke Valley Railway (Selketalbahn), a narrow-gauge railway. The line was built in 1887 and after initially climbing through the mountains, follows the Selke river valley to Stiege. The total length from Gernrode to Stiege is 35 km.

Attractions

Town hall

Attractions include the giant cuckoo clock (whose cuckoo appears every fifteen minutes), which was listed in the Guinness Book of Records in 1998. This is part of a clock factory, which also incorporates a giant weather house indicating current weather conditions. Other local attractions include a 7.45 m giant wood thermometer, the largest Skat table in the world, and the Prussia Tower on the Ölbergshöhe.

Governance

Town twinning

Gernrode is twinned with:

• Bachant, France, since 1969
• Walsrode, Germany, since 1990

References

1. Final decision Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt, 12 December 2013.
2. Gesetz über die Neugliederung der Gemeinden im Land Sachsen-Anhalt den Landkreis Harz betreffend (GemNeuglG HZ, §3)
3. Ingo Kugenbuch (20 February 2013), "Drei Gemeinden sind nach Gerichtsurteil wieder selbstständig" (in German), Mitteldeutsche Zeitung (Quedlinburg), http://www.mz-web.de/quedlinburg/gebietsreform-drei-gemeinden-sind-nach-gerichtsurteil-wieder-selbststaendig,20641064,21880012.html. Retrieved 2013-07-09 

External links

• Official website
• General map of the region around Gernrode
• Chronicles on Gernrode (German)
• Collegiate church of St. Cyriacus (German)