Gros Ventre language
| Gros Ventre | |
|---|---|
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Montana |
| Ethnicity | Gros Ventre |
| Extinct | 1981[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |
ats |
| Glottolog |
gros1243[2] |
Atsina, or Gros Ventre (also known as Ananin, Ahahnelin, Ahe and A’ani)[3]) is the extinct ancestral language of the Gros Ventre people of Montana. The last fluent speaker died in 1981.[1]
History
Atsina is the name applied by specialists in Algonquian linguistics. Arapaho and Atsina are dialects of a common language usually designated by scholars as "Arapaho-Atsina". Historically, this language had five dialects, and on occasion specialists add a third dialect name to the label, resulting in the designation, "Arapaho-Atsina-Nawathinehena".[1] Compared with Arapaho proper, Gros Ventre had three additional phonemes /tʲ/, /ts/, and /bʲ/, and lacked the velar fricative /x/.
Theresa Lamebull taught the language at Fort Belknap College, and helped develop a dictionary using the Phraselator when she was 109.[4]
As of 2012, the White Clay Immersion School at Fort Belknap College was teaching the language to 26 students, up from 11 students in 2006.[3][5]
Notes
- 1 2 3 Mithun 336
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Gros Ventre". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- 1 2 "Immersion School is Saving a Native American Language". Indian Country Today Media Network. 2012-02-12. Retrieved 2012-10-22.
- ↑ "The Phraselator II". The American Magazine. Retrieved 2013-05-12.
- ↑ Boswell, Evelyn (2008-12-04). "MSU grads preserve a native language, keep tribal philosophies alive". MSU News Service. Retrieved 2012-07-19.
References
- Mithun, Marianne (1999) The Languages of Native North America. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Further reading
- Malainey, Mary E. 2005. The Gros Ventre/Fall Indians in historical and archaeological interpretation. Canadian Journal of Native Studies, 25(1):155-183.
External links
- Native Languages of the Americas: Gros Ventre (Ahe, Ahahnelin, Aane, Atsina)
- Gros Ventre Language Word Sets, Fort Belknap College
- Capriccioso, Rob (2007-10-09). "The Phraselator II". The American Magazine. Retrieved 2012-07-18.
- "OLAC, Open Language Archives Community: Gros Ventre". Retrieved 2012-07-18.
- "A Basic Guide in Tri-Lingual Education in Gros Ventre and Assiniboine.". Retrieved 2012-07-18.
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