Han Suyin
Elizabeth KC Comber | |
---|---|
Born |
Rosalie Matilda Kuanghu Chow 12 September 1916 Xinyang in Henan, China |
Died |
2 November 2012 95) Lausanne, Switzerland | (aged
Pen name | Han Suyin |
Occupation | Author and physician |
Language | Chinese, English, French |
Ethnicity | Hakka-Flemish |
Citizenship | British |
Period | 1942–2012 |
Genre | Fiction, history, biographies |
Subject | Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai |
Notable works |
A Many-Splendoured Thing The Crippled Tree My House Has Two Doors |
Spouse |
Tang Pao-Huang (1938–1947) Leon F. Comber (1952–1958) Vincent Ratnaswamy (1960–2003) |
Children | Tang Yungmei and Chew Hui Im. Grandchildren: Karen Shepard, William Lee, Wilson Lee |
Han Suyin (simplified Chinese: 韩素音; traditional Chinese: 韓素音; pinyin: Hán Sùyīn; 12 September 1916 or 1917 – 2 November 2012)[1] was the pen name of Elizabeth Comber, born Rosalie Matilda Kuanghu Chou (Chinese: 周光瑚; pinyin: Zhōu Guānghú).[2] She was a China-born Eurasian,[3] a physician, and author of books in English and French on modern China, novels set in East and Southeast Asia, and autobiographical memoirs which covered the span of modern China. These writings gained her a reputation as an ardent and articulate supporter of the Chinese Communist revolution. She lived in Lausanne until her death.
Biography
Han Suyin was born in Xinyang, Henan, China. Her father was a Belgian-educated Chinese engineer, Chou Wei (Chinese: 周煒; pinyin: Zhōu Wěi), of Hakka heritage, while her mother was Flemish.
She began work as a typist at Peking Union Medical College in 1931, not yet fifteen years old. In 1933 she was admitted to Yenching University where she felt she was discriminated against as a Eurasian. In 1935 she went to Brussels to study medicine. In 1938 she returned to China, married Tang Pao-Huang (Chinese: 唐保璜), a Chinese Nationalist military officer, who was to become a general. She worked as a midwife in an American Christian mission hospital in Chengdu, Sichuan. Her first novel, Destination Chungking (1942), was based on her experiences during this period. In 1940, she and her husband adopted their daughter, Tang Yungmei.[4] In 1953, she adopted another daughter, Chew Hui-Im (Hueiying) in Singapore.[5]
In 1944 she went to London to continue her studies in medicine at the Royal Free Hospital. In 1947, while she was still in London, her husband died in action during the Chinese Civil War. She graduated MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine & Surgery) with Honours in 1948 and in 1949 went to Hong Kong to practice medicine at the Queen Mary Hospital. There she met and fell in love with Ian Morrison, a married Australian war correspondent based in Singapore, who was killed in Korea in 1950. She portrayed their relationship in the novel A Many-Splendoured Thing (1952) and the factual basis of their relationship is documented in her autobiography My House Has Two Doors (1980).<ref name=""HanSuyinBio104">John Jae-nam Han. "Han Suyin (Rosalie Chou)". Asian-American Autobiographers: A Bio-bibliographical Critical Sourcebook, p.104. Retrieved 2012-05-17</ref>
In 1952, she married Leon F. Comber, a British officer in the Malayan Special Branch, and went with him to Johore, Malaya (present-day Malaysia), where she worked in the Johore Bahru General Hospital and opened a clinic in Johore Bahru and Upper Pickering Street, Singapore.
In 1955, Han contributed efforts to the establishment of Nanyang University in Singapore. Specifically, she served as physician to the institution, having refused an offer to teach literature. Chinese writer Lin Yutang, first president of the university, had recruited her for the latter field, but she declined, indicating her desire "to make a new Asian literature, not teach Dickens".[6]
Also in 1955, her best-known novel, A Many-Splendoured Thing, was filmed as Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing. The musical theme song, "Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing," won the Academy Award for Best Original Song. In her autobiography, My House Has Two Doors, she distanced herself from the film, saying that although the film was shown for many weeks at the Cathay Cinema in Singapore to packed audiences, she never went to see it, and that the film rights were sold to pay for an operation on her adopted daughter who was suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. Much later, the movie itself was made into a daytime soap opera, Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, which ran from 1967 to 1973 on American TV.
In 1956, she published the novel And the Rain My Drink, whose description of the guerrilla war of Chinese rubber workers against the government was perceived very anti-British, and Comber is said to have resigned as acting Assistant Commissioner of Police Special Branch mainly because of this. In a 2008 interview, he said: "The novel portrayed the British security forces in a rather slanted fashion, I thought. She was a rather pro-Left intellectual and a doctor. I understood the reasons why the communists might have felt the way they did, but I didn't agree with them taking up arms."[7] After resigning, he moved into book publishing as the local representative for London publisher Heinemann.[8] Han Suyin and Comber divorced in 1958.
In 1960 Han married Vincent Ratnaswamy, an Indian colonel, and lived for a time in Bangalore, India. They later resided in Hong Kong and Switzerland, where she remained, living in Lausanne. Although later separated, they remained married until Ratnaswamy's death in January 2003.
After 1956, Han visited China almost annually. She was one of the first foreign nationals to visit post-1949 revolution China, including through the years of the Cultural Revolution. In 1974 she was the featured speaker at the founding national convention of the US China Peoples Friendship Association in Los Angeles.
Han died in Lausanne on 2 November 2012, aged 95. She is survived by two daughters, Tang Yung Mei and Chew Hui Im; and three grandchildren Karen Shepard, William Lee and Wilson Lee
A very human account of Han Suyin, the physician, author, and woman, occurs in G. M. Glaskin's "A Many-Splendoured Woman: A Memoir of Han Suyin".[9]
Influences
Han Suyin funded the Chinese Writers Association to create the "National Rainbow Award for Best Literary Translation" (which is now the Lu Xun Literary Award for Best Literary Translation) to help develop literature translation in China. "Han Suyin Award for Young Translators" sponsored by the China International Publishing Group was also set up by Han Suyin. So far it has given out awards 21 times(in 2009).[10]
Han has also been influential in Asian American literature, as her books were published in English and contained depictions of Asians that were radically different from the portrayals found in both Anglo-American and Asian-American authors. Frank Chin, in his essay "Come All Ye Asian American Writers of the Real and the Fake", credits Han with being one of the few Chinese American writers (his term) who does not portray Chinese men as "emasculated and sexually repellent" and for being one of the few who "[wrote] knowledgeably and authentically of Chinese fairy tales, heroic tradition, and history".[11]
Bibliography
Cultural and political conflicts between East and West in modern history play a central role in Han Suyin's work. She also explores the struggle for liberation in Southeast Asia and the internal and foreign policies of modern China since the end of the imperial regime. Many of her writings feature the colonial backdrop in East Asia during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Novels
- Destination Chungking (1942)
- A Many-Splendoured Thing (1952)
- And the Rain My Drink (1956)
- The Mountain Is Young (1958)
- Two Loves (1962), which consists of two novelettes: Cast But One Shadow and Winter Love
- Cast But One Shadow (1962)
- Four Faces (1963)
- L'abbé Pierre (1965, French only)
- L'abbé Prévost (1975, French only)
- Till Morning Comes (1982)
- The Enchantress (1985)
Autobiographical works
- The Crippled Tree (1965) – covers China and her and her family's life from 1885 to 1928
- A Mortal Flower (1966) – covers the years 1928 – 1938
- Birdless Summer (1968) – covers the years 1938 – 1948
- My House Has Two Doors (1980) – covers the years 1949 – 1979 – split into two when released as paperback in 1982, with the second part called Phoenix Harvest
- Wind in My Sleeve (1992) – covers the years 1977 – 1991
- A Share of Loving (1987) – a more personal autobiography about Han Suyin, her Indian husband Vincent and Vincent's family[4]
- Fleur de soleil – Histoire de ma vie (1988) – French only: Flower of sun – The story about my life
Historical studies
- China in the Year 2001 (1967)
- Asia Today: Two Outlooks (1969)
- The Morning Deluge: Mao Tsetung and the Chinese Revolution 1893–1954 (1972)
- Lhasa, the Open City (1976)
- Wind in the Tower: Mao Tsetung and the Chinese Revolution, 1949–1965 (1976)
- China 1890–1938: From the Warlords to World War (1989; historical photo-reportage)
- Eldest Son: Zhou Enlai and the Making of Modern China (1994)
Essays
- Tigers and Butterflies: Selected Writings on Politics, Culture and Society (London: Earthscan, 1990)
References
- ↑ Shanghai Daily
- ↑ Alison Lake, "Han Suyin, Chinese-born author of ‘A Many-Splendoured Thing,’ dies at 95," Washington Post, 4 November 2012: "She later changed her middle name to Elizabeth, the name she preferred."
- ↑ Time Magazine, 13 November 2006: Han Suyin – In voicing her Eurasian identity, she defined a people Retrieved 2012-05-17
- 1 2 Ding Jiandong: Han Suyin Research Retrieved 2012-05-17
- ↑ Han Suyin, "My house has two doors." (Jonathan Cape Ltd, London. 1980. ISBN 0-224-01702-0), p. 217
- ↑ Sinologists – Lin Yutang
- ↑ Martin Vengadesan, The officer who loved Malaya, The Star online, 30 November 2008.
- ↑ Monash Asia Institute: Dr Leon Comber Retrieved 2012-05-17
- ↑ Gerald Marcus Glaskin, A Many-Splendoured Woman: A Memoir of Han Suyin. (Graham Brash, Singapore. 1995. ISBN 978-981-218-045-2)
- ↑ Sculpture of Han Suyin Unveiled Dong Chun
- ↑ Chin, Frank. "Come All Ye Asian American Writers of the Real and the Fake." 1990. Reprinted in The Big Aiiieeeee!, Meridian, 1991. Above quote is on p.12
Other references
- John Jae-nam Han: Han Suyin (Rosalie Chou) (pages 104–109 in Asian-American Autobiographers: A Bio-bibliographical Critical Sourcebook) Retrieved 2012-05-17
- CPAFFC Voice of Friendship No. 154, 2008: Sculpture of Han Suyin unveiled Retrieved 2012-05-17
External links
- Wired for Books: Audio Interview with Han Suyin 26 minutes long interview in 1985 by Don Swaim for CBS Radio (as RealPlayer and MP3 files) Retrieved 2012-05-17
- University of Minnesota – Voices from the Gaps: Han Suyin Retrieved 2012-05-17
- Asiawind Hakka pages – Ding Jiandong: Han Suyin Research Retrieved 2012-05-17
- Gregory Melle: Han Suyin Retrieved 2012-05-17
- Everything2: Han Suyin biography Retrieved 2012-05-17
- New Straits Times Traveller's Tales 2005: Han Suyin, a doctor in Johor Baru Retrieved 2012-05-17
- Obituary by John Gittings, "Han Suyin – Chinese-born author best known for her 1952 book A Many-Splendoured Thing", The Guardian, 4 November 2012.
- Alison Lake, "Han Suyin, Chinese-born author of ‘A Many-Splendoured Thing,’ dies at 95", Washington Post, 4 November 2012.
- "Han Suyin: writer, goodwill ambassador", The Hindu, 4 November 2012.
- "‘Chinese revolutionary’ author Han Suyin dies at 95", South China Morning Post, 6 November 2012.
- Hugo Restal, "A Cheerleader for Mao's Cultural Revolution" (Obituary),Wall Street Journal (online) November 6, 2012
- Obituary – NY Times
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