Handedness of Presidents of the United States

The handedness of presidents of the United States is difficult to establish with any certainty before the 20th century. During the 18th and 19th centuries left-handedness was considered a disability, and teachers would make efforts to suppress it in their students.[1][2] For this reason there are few concrete references to determine the handedness of presidents in those times.

As of 2014, four out of the last five presidents have been left-handed if Ronald Reagan is included.[3][4] Counting as far back as the presidency of Harry S. Truman, the number is six (including Reagan) out of twelve. However, not all sources agree that Reagan was left-handed.[5] In one interview, Reagan indicated that he had been born left-handed, but that school and parental pressure forced him to switch to using his right hand.[4]

In the 1992 United States presidential election, all three major candidates, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Ross Perot, were left-handed.[5] The 1996 election also involved three left-handed candidates: Clinton, Perot, and Bob Dole, who learned to use his left hand after his right hand was paralyzed by a World War II injury. In the 2000 and 2004 elections, Bush, Gore, and Kerry were all right-handed.[6][7] Both major-party candidates in the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama and John McCain, were left-handed.[5]

List of U.S. presidents by handedness since 1923[1][5][8]
President Party Term Handedness
Calvin Coolidge Republican 1923–1929 Right-handed
Herbert Hoover Republican 1929–1933 Disputed[5]
Franklin D. Roosevelt Democratic 1933–1945 Right-handed
Harry S. Truman Democratic 1945–1953 Left-handed[9]
Dwight D. Eisenhower Republican 1953–1961 Right-handed
John F. Kennedy Democratic 1961–1963 Right-handed
Lyndon B. Johnson Democratic 1963–1969 Right-handed
Richard Nixon Republican 1969–1974 Right-handed
Gerald Ford Republican 1974–1977 Ambidextrous
Jimmy Carter Democratic 1977–1981 Right-handed
Ronald Reagan Republican 1981–1989 Disputed[5]
George H. W. Bush Republican 1989–1993 Left-handed
Bill Clinton Democratic 1993–2001 Left-handed
George W. Bush Republican 2001–2009 Right-handed
Barack Obama Democratic 2009–present Left-handed

The first president to be described as left-handed was Herbert Hoover,[4][5] though this has been disputed. There is no evidence of any left-handed presidents before Hoover, although it was said that President James Garfield could simultaneously write Latin with his right hand and Greek with his left.[8] Gerald Ford described himself as "left-handed sitting down and right-handed standing up".[10] Harry S. Truman was forced by his schoolteachers and parents to switch to using his right hand, according to biographer David McCullough.[9][11]

The percentage of the population who are left-handed is about 10%.[8] In the popular press, various scientists have commented on this statistical anomaly. Amar Klar, a scientist who has worked on handedness, says that left-handed people "have a wider scope of thinking", and points to the disproportionately high number of Nobel Prize winners, writers, and painters who are left-handed.[4] Michael Peters, a neuropsychologist at the University of Guelph, points out that left-handed people have to get by in a world adapted to right-handers, something which can give them extra mental resilience.[1] Geneticist Daniel Geschwind, in 2009, summarized the state of research into Presidential handedness as follows: "From a statistical standpoint, it looks like something's going on, but what it is, we don't know."[12]

The pattern, however, is not replicated among the thirteen post-World-War-II prime ministers of Great Britain. Only two prime ministers after World War II, David Cameron and James Callaghan, have been left-handed.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Chung, Andrew (2 March 2008). "Odds are next U.S. president will be left-handed". Toronto Star. Retrieved October 2008.
  2. ↑ Macrae, Fiona (24 October 2008). "As two lefties vie for the American presidency... why are so many U.S. premiers left-handed?". The Daily Mail. Retrieved October 2008.
  3. ↑ "Top 10 Lefties". Time. New York. 13 August 2014. Retrieved March 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 4 James, Susan Donaldson (22 February 2008). "Four Out of Five Recent Presidents Are Southpaws". ABC News. Retrieved March 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Rotstein, Gary (25 February 2008). "Another left-handed president? It's looking that way". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved March 2016.
  6. ↑ "presidents left beats right hands down".
  7. ↑ Pilkington, Ed (October 23, 2008). "Revealed: The leftist plot to control the White House". The Guardian.
  8. 1 2 3 Pilkington, Ed (24 October 2008). "Revealed: The leftist plot to control the White House". The Guardian. Retrieved October 2008.
  9. 1 2 McCullough, David (1992). Truman. New York; London: Simon & Schuster. p. 43. ISBN 0-671-45654-7.
  10. ↑ Kaczmarczyk, Jeffrey (December 14, 2012). "See two little-known secrets about President Ford revealed in a televised 1955 Christmas message". mlive.com. Retrieved May 21, 2013.
  11. ↑ McCullough, David. "Truman". p47 "Naturally left handed, he was taught [by his teachers] to use his right hand".
  12. ↑ "White House leans again to the left(ies)". NBC News. 21 January 2009.

Further reading


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Monday, April 04, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.