Haplogroup R0 (mtDNA)

Haplogroup R0
Possible time of origin 23,600 to 54,900 YBP[1]
Possible place of origin Middle East
Ancestor R
Descendants HV, R0a
Defining mutations 73, 11719[2]

Haplogroup R0 (formerly known as Haplogroup pre-HV[3]) is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Origin

Haplogroup R0 derives from the macro-haplogroup R. It is an ancestral clade to R0a and haplogroup HV, and therefore to haplogroup H and haplogroup V.

Distribution

Haplogroup R0 occurs commonly in the Arabian peninsula, with its highest frequency observed among the Socotri (40.7%).[4] The clade is also found at high frequencies among the Kalash in South Asia (23%).[5] Additionally, moderate frequencies of R0 occur in Northeast Africa, Anatolia, the Iranian Plateau and Dalmatia. The haplogroup has been observed among Copts (13.8%),[6] Tigrais (13.6%),[4] Somalis (13.3%),[4] Oromos (13.3%),[4] Afar (12.5%),[4] Amhara (11.5%),[4] Gurage (10%),[4] Reguibate Sahrawi (9.26%),[7] Gaalien (9%),[6] Beja (8.3%),[6] Nubians (8%),[4] Arakien (5.9%),[6] Yemenis (5.1%-27.7%),[4] Iraqis (4.8%),[4] Druze (4.3%),[4] Palestinians (4%),[4] and Saudis (0%-25%).[4]

R0's greater subclade variety in the Arabian peninsula suggests that the clade originated in and spread from there.

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup R0 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[2] and subsequent published research.

See also

Evolutionary tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

  Mitochondrial Eve (L)    
L0 L1–6
L1 L2 L3   L4 L5 L6
  M   N  
CZ D E G Q   O A S   R   I W X Y
C Z B F R0   pre-JT P  U
HV JT K
H V J T

References

  1. ↑ Soares, P; Ermini, L; Thomson, N; Mormina, M; Rito, T; Röhl, A; Salas, A; Oppenheimer, S; et al. (2009). "Correcting for Purifying Selection: An Improved Human Mitochondrial Molecular Clock". American Journal of Human Genetics 84 (6): 740–59. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.05.001. PMC 2694979. PMID 19500773.
  2. 1 2 van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
  3. ↑ Haplogroup H Sub-clades, Family Tree DNA
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Non, Amy. "ANALYSES OF GENETIC DATA WITHIN AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FRAMEWORK TO INVESTIGATE RECENT HUMAN EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY AND COMPLEX DISEASE" (PDF). University of Florida. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
  5. ↑ Quintana-Murci L, et al. (2004). "Where West Meets East: The Complex mtDNA Landscape of the Southwest and Central Asian Corridor." (PDF). American Journal of Human Genetics 74: 2004. doi:10.1086/383236. PMC 1181978. PMID 15077202.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Mohamed, Hisham Yousif Hassan. "Genetic Patterns of Y-chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Variation, with Implications to the Peopling of the Sudan" (PDF). University of Khartoum. Retrieved 16 April 2016.
  7. ↑ Asmahan Bekada, Lara R. Arauna, Tahria Deba, Francesc Calafell, Soraya Benhamamouch, David Comas (September 24, 2015). "Genetic Heterogeneity in Algerian Human Populations". PLoS ONE 10 (9). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0138453. Retrieved 28 April 2016.; S5 Table

External links


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