Ontario Highway 10

Highway 10
Route information
Length:	137.3 km[1] (85.3 mi)
History:	Established September 1848[2] Designated February 26, 1920[3]
Major junctions
South end:	Northern terminus of  Highway 410 – Caledon
	Highway 9 – Orangeville  Highway 89 – Shelburne
North end:	Highway 21 / Highway 26 – Owen Sound
Location
Major cities:	Owen Sound, Brampton
Towns:	Markdale, Shelburne, Orangeville, Caledon
Highway system
Ontario provincial highways List 400-series Former ←  Highway 9   Highway 11  →

King's Highway 10, commonly referred to as Highway 10 and historically as the Toronto–Sydenham Road, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The highway connects the northern end of Highway 410 with the city of Owen Sound on the southern shores of Georgian Bay, passing through the towns of Orangeville and Shelburne as well as several smaller villages along the way.

The highway was established in 1920 as one of the original provincial highways. It was extended south by 1937 to Highway 2 in Port Credit. That same year, it became the site of the first interchange in Canada at The Middle Road. Since the late 1990s, the southern end has been truncated to its current terminus north of the Brampton–Caledon border.

Route description

Highway 410 ends as Highway 10 begins

Highway 10 follows a route originally carved through the virgin forests of Upper Canada in 1848. Its route has remained largely unchanged since that time, and the highway still divides many of the towns it serves, with the exception of Orangeville. It acts as the base concession road for the Regional Municipality of Peel; perpendicular sidelines are divided into East and West halves in several cases by the highway.

Beginning at its southern end in Caledon, Highway 10 passes to the west of Valleywood, a suburban community on the fringe of the Greater Toronto Area. The highway presses north-west and rises gently over the Niagara Escarpment, a World Biosphere Reserve. Immediately to the west are the Forks of the Credit, a deep glacial ravine and provincial park regarded for its scenery. The highway passes between several large quarries and enters Caledon Village. Continuing, it reaches Orangeville at Highway 9. The highway passes to the east of Orangville on a bypass, avoiding the business district. At the north end of the bypass, the highway curves and proceeds directly north towards the village of Primrose at Highway 89.

Highway 10 turns west, becoming concurrent with Highway 89 for a short distance, into the town of Shelburne. The concurrency ends in the centre of Shelburne, as Highway 10 splits and turns north and then resumes its north-west course. From Shelburne to Owen Sound, the road follows the course of the Toronto–Sydenham Road, a colonization road that predates the division of the land in this area. As such, the road follows a meandering path at an angle to the survey grid. It briefly merges with Ontario Highway 6 in Owen Sound before it ends and Highway 6 goes on to Tobermory.

History

Highway 10 through Caledon.

Historically, Highway 10 follows a combination of the 19th-century stage coach route known as the Toronto–Sydenham Road that ran north from Highway 5 (or Dundas Street) in Cooksville through Brampton, Orangeville and Shelburne to Owen Sound. It was first designated as a provincial highway on February 26, 1920 when the newly formed Department of Highways assumed the road.^[4] It was later extended when the provincial government assumed the road running south to Highway 2 in Port Credit on the north shore of Lake Ontario. At that point, the total length of the highway was 166 km.

In 1968, a by-pass around Orangeville was completed.

In 1998, due to the combination of increasing urbanization and the presence of the parallel Highway 410 through most of the corridor, the provincial government repealed the connecting link agreement for the southernmost 31 km of the highway running through Brampton and Mississauga, which was already effectively under the control of their respective municipal governments.

The northern terminus of Highway 10 in Owen Sound

In 2009, Highway 410 was connected to Highway 10 about 500 metres north of Highway 10's southernmost terminus at the border of Brampton. The 500-metre "orphaned" segment is now discontinuous, and while still technically part of the highway, is only linked to the rest of the highway via a connecting road, and is signed "Hurontario Street" rather than "Highway 10".

Also in 2009, a major project to widen single-lane sections of the southern portions of the highway was completed, and the highway is now four lanes wide from Highway 410 north to Camilla. From Shelburne north to Owen Sound, it remains two-lane highway with several "passing lanes" in hillier regions.

During winter, the northern stretches of the highway that pass through the snowbelt region of Grey County are subject to poor visibility and road closings during windy conditions or winter storms.

Major intersections

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 10, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.^[1] 

Division	Location	km[1]	mi	Destinations	Notes
Peel	Caledon	0.0	0.0	Highway 410 south	Highway 10 begins where Highway 410 ends
		5.2	3.2	Regional Road 9 (King Street) – Bolton
		14.5	9.0	Forks of the Credit Road
		18.9	11.7	Regional Road 24 (Charleston Road) – Guelph	Formerly Highway 24
Peel–Dufferin boundary	Orangeville	28.3	17.6	Highway 9 east – Newmarket
Dufferin		28.9	18.0	Highway 9 west (Broadway) – Arthur
	Biggles	32.2	20.0	County Road 7 east (Hockley Road) – Loretto County Road 16 west (5th Sideroad)
	Camilla	38.3	23.8	County Road 8 east (Mono Centre Road) – Mono Centre
	Primrose	48.6	30.2	Highway 89 east – Alliston	Beginning of Highway 89 concurrency
	Shelburne	52.6	32.7	County Road 124 north – Collingwood	Formerly Highway 24
		53.9	33.5	Highway 89 west – Mount Forest	End of Highway 89 concurrency
Dufferin–Grey boundary	Dundalk	72.7	45.2	County Road 9 west County Road 9 east – Creemore
Grey	Chatsworth	124.5	77.4	Highway 6 south	Beginning of Highway 6 concurrency
	Owen Sound	137.3	85.3	Highway 21 south /  Highway 26 east	End of Highway 6 concurrency; Highway 6 continues west concurrent with Highway 21
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References

Sources

1. Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2010). "Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts". Government of Ontario. Retrieved March 20, 2016.
2. Shragge 1984, p. 40.
3. Shragge 1984, p. 74.
4. Shragge 1948, p. 74.

Bibliography

• Shragge, John; Bagnato, Sharon (1984). From Footpaths to Freeways. Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Historical Committee. ISBN 0-7743-9388-2.