Timeline of Brussels
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Brussels, Belgium.
- This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 18th century
- 1273 – St. Michael and St. Gudula Cathedral built (approximate date).[1]
- 1304 – Notre Dame du Sablon founded.[2]
- 1348 – Ommegang begins.
- 1356
- Joyous Entry of Joanna and Wenceslaus into city.
- Expansion of fortifications of Brussels begins.
- 1370 – the Brussels massacre, a judicial murder of the city's Jewish population, occurs
- 1381 – Halle Gate built.
- 1393 – Anderlecht becomes part of Brussels.
- 1420 – Brussels Town Hall built.
- 1455 – Chapelle du Saint-Sacrement de Miracle built.
- 1476 - Printing press in operation.[3]
- 1477 - Hapsburgs in power.[4]
- 1536 – Maison du Roi built for Duke of Brabant.
- 1585 – City becomes capital of Spanish Netherlands.
- 1619 – Bronze Manneken Pis statue installed.
- 1695 – The city is bombarded by the French.
18th century
- 1700 – The Monnaie theatre built.
- 1731 – Palace of Coudenberg destroyed.
- 1746 – Siege of Brussels.
- 1772 - Imperial and Royal Academy of Brussels established.[5]
- 1774 – Rue Royale laid out.[2]
- 1775 – Brussels Park laid out.
- 1787 – Vauxhall opens.
- 1783 – Royal Palace of Brussels construction begins.
- 1787 – Church of Saint Jacques-sur-Coudenberg consecrated.
- 1795
- City becomes part of Dyle.
- State Archives in Belgium headquartered in city.
19th century
- 1803 – Museum of Brussels opens.[6]
- 1815
- Duchess of Richmond's ball.
- City becomes joint capital of United Kingdom of the Netherlands.
- 1819 – New opera theatre inaugurated.
- 1822 - Société Générale de Belgique headquartered in city.[7]
- 1826 – Botanical Garden founded.
- 1830
- Belgian Revolution.[8]
- City becomes capital of the Kingdom of Belgium.[4]
- Population: 98,279 city; 120,981 metro.[9]
- 1832 – Royal Conservatory of Brussels founded.
- 1834 – Free University of Brussels founded
- 1835 – Groendreef/Allée Verte railway station, Belgium's first, is inaugurated.
- 1846
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences founded.
- Population: 123,874.[10]
- 1847
- Avenue Louise commissioned.
- Galerie du Roi, Galerie de la Reine and Galerie du Prince open.
- 1848 - International Peace Congress held.
- 1850 - Population: 142,289 city; 222,424 metro.[9]
- 1855 – Brussels-Luxembourg railway station built.
- 1856 – Théatre Royal de la Monnaie opens.
- 1859 – Congress Column erected.
- 1860 - Population: 185,982 city; 300,341 metro.[9]
- 1861 – Bois de la Cambre laid out.
- 1869 – Trams begin operating.
- 1871
- Covering of the Senne.
- Banque de Bruxelles established.[7]
- 1877 – Ixelles Cemetery created.
- 1880 – Cinquantenaire created.
- 1881 - L'Echo newspaper begins publication.[11]
- 1885
- Église Royale Sainte-Marie built.
- Population: 171,751.[10]
- 1887
- Le Soir newspaper begins publication.[11]
- Palais des Beaux-Arts built.
- 1888 - Het Laatste Nieuws (newspaper) begins publication.[11]
- 1891 - August: International Socialist Labor Congress held in Brussels.
- 1893 - Paris-Brussels Cycle Race begins.[12]
- 1895
- Royal Greenhouses of Laeken built.
- Hotel Metropole in business at Place de Brouckère.
- 1897 – Brussels International world's fair held.
20th century
- 1900
- Cantillon Brewery founded.
- Hospital Saint-Jean built.[13]
- 1901 – Maison & Atelier Horta built.
- 1905
- Cauchie house built.
- Cinquantenaire's triumphal arch finished.
- 1908 – Chapel of the Resurrection built.
- 1910 – Brussels International world's fair held.
- 1911 - Solvay Conference held in city.
- 1914 – World War I: Brussels captured and occupied by the German Army.
- 1917 – Constant Vanden Stock Stadium opens.
- 1919
- Lignes Farman airline begins operating its Paris-Brussels route.[14]
- Population: 685,268 metro.[15]
- 1920 – Oscar Bossaert Stadium opens.
- 1921 – Haren, Laeken, and Neder-Over-Heembeek, merged into the City of Brussels.
- 1922 – Société du Palais des Beaux-Arts and Jardin botanique Jean Massart (garden)[16] established.
- 1923 – Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and of Military History opens.
- 1927 – Solvay Conference held.
- 1930 – Jubilee Stadium opens.
- 1931 – Brussels Symphony Orchestra founded.
- 1935
- Brussels International Exposition held.
- Basilica of the Sacred Heart consecrated.
- 1937 – Queen Elisabeth Music Competition begins.
Scenes of jubilation as British troops liberate Brussels, 4 September 1944 - 1939 – Constantin Meunier Museum opens.
- 1940 – World War II: German Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France headquartered in Brussels.
- 1944
- 3–4 September: Liberation of Brussels by the Welsh Guards; Palace of Justice burnt by Germans to destroy legal records during their retreat.
- 8 September: Belgian government in exile returns to Brussels after four years in London.
- A de jure District of Brussels formed by Nazi Germany, which is now no longer in control of the territory.
- 1948
- Treaty of Brussels signed.
- Brussels Airport opens.
- 1949 – NATO headquarters established.
- 1952 – Brussels-Central railway station and Brussels-South railway station open.
- 1958
- 1960 – City hosts Congolese Round Table Conference.
- 1967 – L'Innovation Department Store fire.
- 1969 – Free University of Brussels splits along linguistic lines into Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) and Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB).
- 1971
- Brussels Agglomeration created.[17]
- Flower carpet in Grand Place begins.
- 1974 – Brussels International Independent Film Festival begins.
- 1975
- Bank Brussels Lambert headquartered in city.
- Université catholique de Louvain's Jardin des plantes médicinales Paul Moens established.
- 1976 – Brussels Metro begins operating.
- 1978
- Brussels Ring constructed.
- RTBF Symphony Orchestra formed.[18]
- 1979 - Archives of the City of Brussels moves into the former Anciens magasins Waucquez.[19]
- 1980
- Flemish Community and French Community of Belgium each designate Brussels as capital city.
- Population of Brussels-Capital Region: 1,008,715.[20]
- 1985
- Catholic pope visits city.[21]
- 29 May: Heysel Stadium disaster.[21]
- 1988 – Kinepolis Brussels opens.
- 1989
- 1990 – Population of Brussels-Capital Region: 964,385.[20]
- 1993 – Espace Léopold opens.
- 1994
- City of Brussels designated capital of Belgium and seat of federal government.[23]
- Freddy Thielemans becomes mayor.[24]
- Besix construction headquartered in Brussels.
- 1996 – Belgacom Towers built.
- 1998 – Ancienne Belgique renovated.
- 1999 - Wedding of Prince Philippe and Mathilde d'Udekem d'Acoz
21st century
- 2000
- Municipal website online (approximate date).[25]
- Zinneke Parade begins.
- Musical Instrument Museum relocates.
- 2004 – North Galaxy Towers built.
- 2006 – Atomium renovated.
- 2007 - Hogeschool-Universiteit Brussel established.[26]
- 2009 – Magritte Museum opens.
- 2010 – Population of Brussels-Capital Region: 1,089,538.[20]
- 2013
- Yvan Mayeur becomes mayor.
- Rudi Vervoort becomes Minister-President of the Brussels-Capital Region.
- 2016 – The 2016 Brussels bombings occur, killing 34 and injuring 230.
See also
- History of Brussels
- List of mayors of the City of Brussels (largest municipality in the Brussels-Capital Region)
- List of municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region
- Timeline of Belgian history
- Other cities in Belgium
References
- ↑ Charles Harrison Townsend (1916), Beautiful buildings in France & Belgium, New York: Hubbell
- 1 2 Grant Allen (1904), Belgium: its cities, Boston: Page
- ↑ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Belgium: Bruxelles". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company – via HathiTrust.
- 1 2 BBC News. "Belgium Profile: Timeline". Retrieved September 2015.
- ↑ James E. McClellan (1985). "Official Scientific Societies: 1600-1793". Science Reorganized: Scientific Societies in the Eighteenth Century. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-05996-1.
- ↑ Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium. "Museum History". Retrieved July 23, 2012.
- 1 2 "Belgium". International Banking Directory. New York: Bankers Publishing Company. 1922.
- ↑ "Belgium". Political Chronology of Europe. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-135-35687-3.
- 1 2 3 "Belgium". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1869.
- 1 2 Chambers 1901.
- 1 2 3 "Belgium". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-254-1.
- ↑ Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon (2011). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Cycling. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7175-5.
- ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia 1908.
- ↑ Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
- ↑ "Belgium". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
- ↑ "Garden Search: Belgium". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved September 2015.
- ↑ Major Cities and Their Peripheries: Co-operation and Co-ordinated Management. Local and Regional Authorities in Europe. Council of Europe Press. 1993. ISBN 978-92-871-2394-7.
- ↑ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
- ↑ "Archives of the City of Brussels". Brusselsmuseums.be. Conseil bruxellois des Musées. Retrieved May 2015.
- 1 2 3 Brussels Institute for Statistics and Analysis. "Population Totale". Structure de la population. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
- 1 2 "History of Brussels: Chronology". City of Brussels. Retrieved September 2015.
- ↑ Centre d'Informatique pour la Region Bruxelloise. "About the Region". Brussels-Capital Region Portal. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
- ↑ "Article 194" (PDF). The Belgian Constitution. Belgian House of Representatives. 2012. Retrieved July 23, 2012.
- ↑ "Belgian mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
- ↑ "Official Website of the City of Brussels". Archived from the original on May 2000 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Walter Rüegg, ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe 4. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- Published in the 19th century
- New Picture of Brussels, and its Environs, or, Stranger's Guide to the Curiosities of that Interesting City, London: Samuel Leigh, 1820, OCLC 63579821
- "Brussels". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822.
- David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Brussels". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
- "Brussels", Cabinet Cyclopædia, Cities and Principal Towns of the World, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green, 1830, OCLC 2665202
- "Brussels", A hand-book for travellers on the continent (2nd ed.), London: John Murray, 1838, OCLC 2030550
- Frederick Knight Hunt (1845), "Brussels", The Rhine: its scenery & historical & legendary associations, London: Jeremiah How
- "Brussels". Coghlan's Illustrated Guide to the Rhine (18th ed.). London: Trubner & Co. 1863.
- Stranger's Guide to Brussels and its environs (6th ed.), Kiessling & Co., 1876
- W. Pembroke Fetridge (1885), "Brussels to Antwerp", Harper's hand-book for travellers in Europe and the east, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Published in the 20th century
- "Brussels". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901 – via Hathi Trust.
- Ernest Gilliat-Smith (1906), The story of Brussels, London: Dent
- Ernest Gilliat-Smith (1908). "Brussels". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
- "Brussels", Belgium and Holland, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759
- "Brussels". Belgium. Grieben's Guide Books 141. London: Williams & Norgate. 1910.
- Published in the 21st century
- Anton Kreukels; et al., eds. (2005). "Brussels". Metropolitan Governance and Spatial Planning: Comparative Case Studies of European City-Regions. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-49606-8.
in other languages
- "Brussel". Topographia Circuli Burgundici. Topographia Germaniae (in German). Frankfurt. 1654. p. 44+.
- Almanach royal de la cour, des provinces méridionales et de la ville de Bruxelles (in French). Bruxelles: A. Stapleaux. 1817.
- Marie-Nicolas Bouillet; L.G. Gourraigne (1914). "Bruxelles". Dictionnaire universel d'histoire et de geographie (in French) (34th ed.). Paris: Hachette.
External links
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