Intha dialect
| Intha | |
|---|---|
| Region | Inle Lake |
| Ethnicity | Intha |
Native speakers | 90,000 (2000)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |
int |
| Glottolog |
inth1238[2] |
The Intha dialect of Burmese is spoken by the Intha people, a group of Bamar descendants who migrated to Inle Lake in Shan State. The dialect is spoken by 90,000.[3] The Intha dialect is characterized by a retention of the /-l-/ medial (for the following consonant clusters: /kl- kʰl- pl- pʰl- ml- hml-/). Examples include:
- "full": Standard Burmese ပြည့် ([pjḛ]) → ပ္လည့် ([plḛ]), from old Burmese ပ္လည်
- "ground": Standard Burmese မြေ ([mjè]) → မ္လေ ([mlè]), from old Burmese မ္လိယ်
There is no voicing with the presence of either aspirated or unaspirated consonants. For instance, ဗုဒ္ဓ (Buddha) is pronounced [boʊʔda̰] in standard Burmese, but [poʊʔtʰa̰] in the Intha dialect. This is probably due to influence from the Shan language.
Furthermore, သ (/θ/ in standard Burmese) has merged to /sʰ/ (ဆ) in the Intha dialect.
Rhymes
Rhyme correspondences to standard Burmese follow these patterns:[4]
| Written Burmese | Standard Burmese | Intha dialect | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| -ျင် -င် | /-ɪɴ/ | /-ɛɴ/ | |
| -ဉ် | /-ɪɴ/ | /-ɪɴ/ | |
| ိမ် -ိန် ိုင် | /-eɪɴ -eɪɴ -aɪɴ/ | /-eɪɴ/ | |
| -ျက် -က် | /-jɛʔ -ɛʔ/ | /-aʔ/ | |
| -တ် -ပ် | /-aʔ/ | /-ɛʔ/ | |
| -ည် | /--ɛ, -e, -i/ | /-e/ | /-i/ if initial is a palatal consonant |
| ိတ် ိပ် ိုက် | /-eɪʔ -eɪʔ -aɪʔ/ | /-aɪʔ/ | |
| Open syllables | weak = ə full = i, e, ɛ, a, ɔ, o, u |
| Closed | nasal = ɪɴ, eɪɴ, ɛɴ, aɴ, ɔɴ, oʊɴ, ʊɴ stop = ɪʔ, aɪʔ, ɛʔ, aʔ, ɔʔ, oʊʔ, ʊʔ |
References
- ↑ Intha at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Intha". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ↑ Lewis, M. Paul (2009). Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Intha: A language of Myanmar. ISBN 978-1-55671-216-6. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
- ↑ Barron, Sandy; John Okell; Saw Myat Yin; Kenneth VanBik; Arthur Swain; Emma Larkin; Anna J. Allott; Kirsten Ewers (2007). Refugees From Burma: Their Backgrounds and Refugee Experiences (PDF) (Report). Center for Applied Linguistics. pp. 16–17. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
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