Yinwum dialect

Yinwum
Native to	Australia
Region	Cape York Peninsula, Queensland
Extinct	(date missing)
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Paman North Cape York Northern Uradhi Yinwum
Dialects	Njuwadhai?
Language codes
ISO 639-3	yxm
Glottolog	yinw1236[1]
AIATSIS[2]	Y29

Yinwum is an extinct Paman language formerly spoken on the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia, by the Yinwum people. It is unknown when it became extinct.^[3] Historically, it underwent some unusual phonological changes that are difficult to classify and understand in phonetic terms.

Phonology

Consonant Phonemes

^[4]

	Peripheral		Laminal		Apical
	Bilabial	Velar	Palatal	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex
Nasal	m	ŋ	ɲ	n̪	n
Prenasalised stop	ⁿp	ⁿk	ⁿc	ⁿt̪	ⁿt   ⁿtʳ
Plosive	p	k	c	t̪	t   tʳ
Fricative	β	ɣ		ð
Vibrant					r
Approximant	w		j		l	ɻ

/ⁿtʳ/ and /tʳ/ are post-trilled consonants (trilled affricates).

Vowel Phonemes

^[5]

	Front	Back
High	i	u
Mid	e
Low	a

References

1. Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Yinwum". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
2. Yinwum at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
3. Ernst Kausen (2005). "Australische Sprachen".
4. Kenneth Hale, 1976, Phonological Developments in Particular Northern Paman Languages, pp.12
5. Kenneth Hale, 1976, Phonological Developments in Particular Northern Paman Languages, pp.12