Imazatosuji Line

Imazatosuji Line
Imazatosuji Line 80 series
Overview
Type	Rapid transit
System	Osaka Municipal Subway
Locale	Osaka, Japan
Termini	Itakano Imazato
Stations	11
Line number	8
Operation
Opened	24 December 2006
Owner	Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau
Depot(s)	Tsurumi-ryokuchi-kita
Rolling stock	80 series EMUs
Technical
Line length	11.9 km (7.4 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in)
Electrification	1,500 V DC, overhead line
Operating speed	70 km/h (43 mph)
Route map

Imazatosuji Line

Route map Legend 0.0 I11 Itakano Tōkaidō Shinkansen 0.9 I12 Zuikō Yonchōme 1.9 I13 Daidō-Toyosato Yodo River Tanimachi Line 3.7 I14 Taishibashi-ImaichiT13 Keihan Main Line 4.9 I15 Shimizu Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line Tsurumi-ryokuchi Tsurumi-ryokuchi-kita Depot 5.8 I16 Shimmori-Furuichi Sekime-Takadono 7.1 I17 Sekime-Seiiku/ R: Sekime Tanimachi Line Keihan Main Line 8.5 I18 Gamō YonchōmeN23 Nagahori Tsurumi-Ryokuchi Line Jōtō Freight Line 9.4 I19 Shigino Katamachi Line (Gakkentoshi Line) 10.6 I20 MidoribashiC20 Chūō Line 11.9 I21 ImazatoS20 Sennichimae Line

The Imazatosuji Line (今里筋線 Imazatosuji-sen) is a rapid transit line of Osaka Municipal Subway, running from Itakano Station in Higashiyodogawa-ku to Imazato Station in Higashinari-ku, all within Osaka city. Its official name is Rapid Electric Tramway Line No. 8 (高速電気軌道第8号線), while the Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau refers to it as Osaka City Rapid Railway Line No. 8 (大阪市高速鉄道第8号線), and in MLIT publications, it is written as Line No. 8 (Imazatosuji Line) (8号線（今里筋線）). Station numbers are indicated by the letter I. The line first opened, at its present length, on Christmas Eve (24 December) 2006.

The line color on maps, station signs, and train livery is golden orange (柑子色 kōji-iro, Munsell code 5YR6.5/14 ).

Overview

As with the Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line, the Imazatosuji Line utilizes linear motor-driven trains with a cross-section 20% smaller than that of conventional subway cars, outfitted for driver-only operation.

The line runs north-south through the eastern part of Osaka city, underneath National Route 479 (Osaka Inner Loop Route), National Route 163, National Route 1 (Keihan National Highway), and Imazatosuji, intersecting subway lines radiating out from the city center, as well as the Keihan Main Line and the Katamachi Line (Gakkentoshi Line).

Apart from the JR Tōzai Line, this is the only other rail line to cross the Yodo River via underground tunnels (and the only subway line to do so). It is the only subway line to pass entirely outside the Osaka Loop Line, and the only subway line of the Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau that does not have any connections to the Midōsuji Line, the Yotsubashi Line, or the Sakaisuji Line (the Nankō Port Town Line, which also has no connections to the Midōsuji Line, is an Automated People Mover system, not a subway line). It passes briefly outside Osaka city, with some of the vicinity of Taishibashi-Imaichi being in Moriguchi. The area around the line is predominantly residential.

Station platforms were the first in the Osaka subway network to be outfitted with automatic platform gates, which are 1.3 m in height and open and close simultaneously with train doors. Platform edges were designed to be adjusted in 1-mm increments, so that the gap between platform and train is much smaller than on other lines. Stations also have toilets compatible with ostomy pouching systems, and, apart from Taishibashi-Imaichi, two large elevators designed with the ability to transport passengers who suffer medical emergencies.

In order to drive down construction costs, stations are designed to have as many elements in common as possible. Platforms are also designed to be identical. This is a marked contrast with the Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line (constructed at the height of the Bubble years), where the design of each station is different and representative of the surrounding area.

Many of the stations feature adjacent underground bicycle parking. In addition, stations belonging only to the Imazatosuji Line (or exits of existing stations opened with the line) feature a large, bright-orange gate designed to be visible from far away.

An extension southward from Imazato to Yuzato Rokuchōme in Higashisumiyoshi-ku, originally slated as Phase II of construction, is under review.

Line data

• Double track sections: Entire line
• Blocking system： In-cab signalling
• Train protection system: CS-ATC, TASC
• Train length: 4 cars (2006 – present)
• Maximum train length (platform length): 6 cars

Stations

No.	Station	Japanese	Transfers	Location
I11	Itakano	井高野		Higashiyodogawa-ku
I12	Zuikō Yonchōme	瑞光四丁目
I13	Daidō-Toyosato	だいどう豊里
I14	Taishibashi-Imaichi	太子橋今市	Tanimachi Line (T13)	Asahi-ku
I15	Shimizu	清水
I16	Shimmori-Furuichi	新森古市
I17	Sekime-Seiiku	関目成育	Keihan Main Line (Sekime Station)	Jōtō-ku
I18	Gamō Yonchōme	蒲生四丁目	Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line (N23)
I19	Shigino	鴫野	Katamachi Line (Gakkentoshi Line)
I20	Midoribashi	緑橋	Chūō Line (C20)	Higashinari-ku
I21	Imazato	今里	Sennichimae Line (S20)

Stopping patterns

All trains stop at every station on their route. Most trains operate between Itakano and Imazato; in the morning and the evening, trains also operate between Itakano and Shimizu. In rush hour on weekdays, there are generally 11-15 trains per hour, with 7-8 trains per hour at off-peak times. Weekend timetables have 9-10 trains per hour in morning and evening, and 7-8 trains per hour (roughly one every eight minutes) off-peak. There are usually 12 Itakano – Shimizu trains on weekdays (7 morning, 5 evening), and 5 on weekends and holidays (3 morning, 2 evening). There are also two weekday morning trains that start at Shimizu and terminate at Imazato.

Rolling stock

• 80 series (4-car trainsets, 2006–present)

There is a train depot on a spur between Shimizu and Shimmori-Furuichi; the tracks continue on from there towards Tsurumi-ryokuchi on the Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line, and the two lines share the same workshop (Tsurumi Workshop).

Ridership

According to data collected on 1 March 2007, two months after the line's opening, daily ridership on the Imazatosuji Line (all stations, including transfer passengers) was 37,000, less than one-third the projected amount (120,000). On 15 June of the same year, a survey conducted at the end of April was released that showed passenger numbers at the seven stations not connecting to other subway lines to be approximately 45,000 per day. At the end of fiscal 2010, ridership for the line stood at roughly 56,800 passengers per day.^[1]

When the Imazatosuji Line opened, the number of city buses running between Imazato and Sekime-Seiiku was reduced to 2-3 per hour. Nevertheless, many people still prefer to ride the buses, as they are more accessible than the subway stations, which are further apart and fairly deep underground, requiring them to walk a greater distance.

Due to the presence of existing lines, stations on the Imazatosuji Line were built deeper underground, so transfers at connecting stations take longer than average. Originally, it was believed that there would be many passengers connected with Osaka University of Economics (as the nearest station is Zuikō Yonchōme); however, because reaching Umeda would require a lengthy transfer to the Tanimachi Line at Taishibashi-Imaichi, many of those people continue to use Kami-Shinjō Station on the Hankyu Kyoto Line, and ridership has not increased substantially. (Train fare is also cheaper, at ¥180, to use Hankyu, rather than the ¥270 required to go from Zuikō Yonchōme to Higashi-Umeda.) Additionally, while there are fewer buses than before, they continue to compete with the line for ridership, due to their flat fare of ¥200 and greater number of stops. Despite the relatively short train length (only 4 cars), trains are rarely full.

History

Since 1957, trolleybuses had run on Imazatosuji, providing connections with the Osaka streetcar network to the city center and serving as a major transport corridor of eastern Osaka. However, due to increasing automobile use, trolleybus service was ended in 1969. While city buses continued serving the same corridor, they encountered frequent delays due to traffic. As a result, a subway line was planned to interface with the existing rail network.

In the 10th report of the Transport Policy Committee in 1989, the plan was listed as a "line that should be considered for future construction" between Kami-Shinjō and Yuzato Rokuchōme. Later on, as underground obstructions were discovered along the planned route, the starting point was changed in 1996 from Kami-Shinjō to Itakano, where the population was increasing due to residential development. Permission to construct the line from Itakano to Imazato was granted in 1999, and construction began in March 2000. The line opened at noon on 24 December 2006. The remaining section, from Imazato to Yuzato Rokuchōme, remains on hold.

Timeline

• 6 July 2006: Line name and station names are officially announced.
• 24 December 2006: Official opening of the line (Itakano – Imazato, 11.9 km).

Construction

Many areas of construction faced difficulties, which made for slow going. In order to avoid existing subway lines and other underground structures, nearly the entire line had to be constructed at least 10 meters below street level; in particular, where the line crosses the Neya River and No. 2 Neya River, it reaches over 30 meters below ground (between Shigino and Midoribashi, where it crosses the No. 2 Neya River, it reaches 37 m, the greatest depth of any line in the Osaka subway network). Because of this, it also features a greater number of steep grades compared to existing lines.

The ground stratum the Imazatosuji Line runs through is a "super-soft clay deposit", which is soft and has a high water content; in many instances, bulldozers were useless in excavating the soil. Absorbent cylindrical piles made of chalk were driven in an effort to stabilize the ground, but had relatively little effect.

The northernmost part of the line runs under narrow streets, less than 8 meters across in the case of Daidō-Toyosato – Zuikō Yonchōme. Because of this, the tunnels in this area are bored one atop the other, a method of construction without any other examples in the Osaka subway system. Further south, there is an extremely tight curve between Shimizu and Shimmori-Furuichi (at the Midori 1-chōme intersection), with a radius of 83 meters; this is the tightest curve on any Osaka subway line (excluding inter-line connections and depots). Trains must reduce speed to 30 km/h in this area.

Because of these engineering difficulties, the expected 1/3 cost savings of employing smaller cross-section tunnels and linear motor trains did not emerge; instead, construction costs ballooned to 271.8 billion yen.

Controversy over planned extension

While planned as the first of two phases of construction, the segment between Itakano and Imazato alone cost 271.8 billion yen to build. If the extension of the line to its intended terminus at Yuzato Rokuchōme were to continue as planned, assessment and construction would cost an additional 132 billion yen, substantially increasing the financial burden on Osaka city. For this reason, then-mayor Junichi Seki ran for re-election in 2005 promising to bring the planned line extension up for review.

On 28 November of that year, the newly re-elected mayor Seki announced that groundbreaking on the Imazato – Yuzato Rokuchōme extension, planned for 2006 with a 2016 opening, would be put on hold indefinitely due to the fiscal situation in Osaka. Because of this, the application for permission to start construction has been postponed. If the northern half opened in 2006 were to provide favorable ridership figures, the southern extension would have a chance of going on as planned. However, the other subway line inaugurated during the Heisei era (the Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line) had yet to meet expectations a decade after opening (FY 2005 ridership: roughly 88,000 per day), despite passing through the city center; as such, the chance of the Imazatosuji Line, which did not pass through the city center, of meeting its ridership estimates and providing a stable financial base for a southward extension, was seen as extremely low. In addition, Osaka city had changed its future outlook for the Municipal Transportation Bureau from one of conversion to public holding / private operation to "full privatization including the possibility being listed on the stock exchange"; if this were to go ahead, the chance of the line's completion according to the original plans would go from slim to nearly none. Since that time, however, Kunio Hiramatsu was elected mayor in 2007, promising to maintain the region's public entities as-is, and deciding whether to privatize the Transportation Bureau by public referendum while in office. The financial situation of the Osaka Municipal Subway network has also stabilized since fiscal 2005, with a steady cumulative profit (even though four of eight lines are still not profitable on their own), perhaps making an extension more likely at some point in the future.

In addition to the originally-planned southern extension, there have also been considerations of extending the line northward from Itakano towards Shōjaku on the Hankyu Kyoto Line and Kishibe or Senrioka on the Tōkaidō Main Line (JR Kyoto Line). (The start of the line at Itakano is listed as 3.3 km in the proposal, and 3.3 km from Itakano would be precisely at Senrioka.) There have also been calls to extend the line even further towards Esaka or Momoyamadai, to allow a direct connection to the Midōsuji Line, or to Bampaku-kinen-kōen to connect to the Osaka Monorail. In spite of these ideas, in addition to the fiscal considerations concerning the southern extension, there is also the matter of a northern extension being outside Osaka city, making it even more unlikely.

References

1. Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau: Current Accounts Balance by Line　for FY 2010 PDF