Israel Smith

For the leader of the RLDS Church, see Israel A. Smith.
Israel Smith

Silhouette of Israel Smith. Only known likeness.
4th Governor of Vermont
In office
October 9, 1807  October 14, 1808
Lieutenant Paul Brigham
Preceded by Isaac Tichenor
Succeeded by Isaac Tichenor
United States Senator
from Vermont
In office
March 4, 1803  October 1, 1807
Preceded by Nathaniel Chipman
Succeeded by Jonathan Robinson
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Vermont's 1st district
In office
October 17, 1791  March 3, 1797
Preceded by District created
Succeeded by Matthew Lyon
In office
March 4, 1801  March 3, 1803
Preceded by Matthew Lyon
Succeeded by Gideon Olin
Personal details
Born (1759-04-04)April 4, 1759
Suffield, Connecticut
Died December 2, 1810(1810-12-02) (aged 51)
Rutland, Vermont
Political party Democratic-Republican
Profession lawyer / politician

Israel Smith (April 4, 1759 – December 2, 1810) was an American lawyer and politician. He held a wide variety of positions in the state of Vermont, including as a member of the United States House of Representatives, a member of the United States Senate and Governor of Vermont.

Early life

Smith was born in Suffield, Connecticut, where he spent his childhood. He studied at Yale University and graduated in 1781.[1] He studied law and was admitted to the bar. He began his law practice in Rupert, Vermont.

He married Abiah Douglass (1767-1836), and they had two children, William (1785-1822) and Horace (1787-1790). After Israel Smith's death Abiah married Colonel William C. Harrington, who became an attorney in Burlington, Vermont.

Career

Smith began his political career in 1785 when he served as a member of the Vermont House of Representatives. He served in the Vermont House again from 1788 to 1791. During this period, he was active in solving Vermont's boundary disputes with other states and served as a delegate to the Vermont Constitutional Convention, at which Vermont ratified the American Constitution. By 1790 Smith had moved to Rutland, Vermont.

When Vermont became a state in 1791, Smith ran for Vermont's seat in the United States House of Representatives. In a bitterly fought election between Smith, Matthew Lyon and Isaac Tichenor, Smith received second place, 35% of the vote in the first round, but won the runoff against Lyon. Smith represented Vermont's 1st District in the U.S. House from 1791 to 1797.[2] In 1792 and 1794, Lyon unsuccessfully ran against Smith, but in 1796 Smith was defeated by Lyon. By this time, Smith had become a member of the Democratic-Republican Party.[3]

In 1797, Smith again briefly served in the Vermont State House. He became Chief Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court in 1797,[4] but resigned the following year. In 1800, Smith was reelected to the United States House of Representatives, where he served until 1802.

In 1802, Smith was elected to the United States Senate from Vermont, and served in the Senate from 1803 to 1807. In 1807 he successfully ran against one of his old political rivals, Isaac Tichenor, for governor. Tichenor had served as governor for a decade. Smith resigned from the Senate and served as Governor of Vermont from 1807 to 1808, when he was defeated for reelection by Tichenor.[5] Smith served as Vermont's fourth Governor.

Death and legacy

After leaving the governorship, Smith moved back to Rutland, Vermont, where he retired from politics. He became ill and died in Rutland. He is interred at West Street Cemetery in Rutland.[6] His home in Rutland has been preserved.[7]

References

  1. "SMITH, Israel, (1759 - 1810)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  2. "Sen. Israel Smith". govtrack.us. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  3. "Governor of Vermont". NNDB. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  4. "Vermont Justices of the Supreme Court" (PDF). Vermont State Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  5. "Vermont Governor Israel Smith". National Governors Association. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  6. "Israel Smith". Find A Grave. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  7. "Israel Smith" (PDF). Rutland Historical Society. Retrieved October 22, 2012.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Israel Smith.


United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
District created
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Vermont's 1st congressional district

1791-1797
Succeeded by
Matthew Lyon
Preceded by
Matthew Lyon
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Vermont's 1st congressional district

1801-1803
Succeeded by
Gideon Olin
United States Senate
Preceded by
Nathaniel Chipman
U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Vermont
18031807
Served alongside: Stephen R. Bradley
Succeeded by
Jonathan Robinson
Political offices
Preceded by
Isaac Tichenor
Governor of Vermont
1807–1808
Succeeded by
Isaac Tichenor
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