Jerzy Rutkowski

Jerzy Rutkowski (23 April 1914, Kiev – 18 December 1989, Warsaw) was a Polish political activist and resistance soldier. During World War II, he joined Polish resistance (Armia Krajowa) and was the head of the underground press operation, the Tajne Wojskowe Zakłady Wydawnicze, throughout its operations, from 1940 to 1945. His son Michal Rutkowski is the Director for Human Development in the South Asia division of the World Bank.

Home Army (Armia Krajowa)

Main articles: Polish resistance movement in World War II; Polish Underground State

Operations

Uprisings and battles	Warsaw Uprising Zamość Uprising Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Lwów Uprising Murowana Oszmianka Osuchy Ostra Brama Tempest

Underground, field, and espionage	Arsenal Heads Kutschera Project Big Ben Bürkl Most III Operation Belt V1 / V2 Wieniec

Propaganda	Biuletyn Informacyjny Operation N Operation Antyk

Directorates	Civil Resistance Covert Resistance Underground Resistance

Political	Republic of Pińczów

Personnel, emblems and decorations

Commanders	Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski Stefan Rowecki Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski Leopold Okulicki

Senior officers and prominent members	J.Aleksandrowicz J.Arkusz K.K.Baczyński H.Bartnicka-Tajchert W.Bartoszewski J.Batory R.Białous S.Bittner F.Błażej A.Bohdziewicz J.Bokszczanin S.Braun T.Gajcy H.Lederman S.Jankowski S.Karpiel K.Kierzkowski B.Kostrzewska H.Krahelska A.Krzyżanowski L.Kulej J.J.Lerski J.Mazurkiewicz W.Micuta K.Moczarski A.Nadolski T.Pełczyński A.Pilch W.Pilecki R.Reiff Z.Romanowiczowa Z.Rumel J.Rutkowski D.Smoleński A.Stelmachowski R.Syski J.Szczepański Z.Szendzielarz A.Szklarski H.Szwarc E.Umińska J.Zabłocki J.Zabłocki A.Zakrzewska W.Zalewski J.Zamoyski T.Zawadzki T.Żenczykowski M.Żuławski T.Żychiewicz

Membership lists	Armia Krajowa members Warsaw Uprising insurgents

Emblems and decorations	Armia Krajowa Cross Kotwica Krzyż Powstania Warszawskiego

Units, affiliates, and predecessors

Headquarters and Directorates	Information and Propaganda Kedyw Civil Resistance Covert Resistance Underground Resistance

Combat units	27 Volhynian Division Battalion Parasol Battalion Zośka Żaglowiec Group Żbik Group Żmija Group Żniwiarz Group Żyrafa Group

Warsaw commands	I Śródmieście Żoliborz III Wola IV Ochota V Mokotów VI Praga VII Warsaw suburbs

Other	Błyskawica radiostation Little Andrews (Jędrusie) Underground Police (PKB) Secret Military Printing Works (TWZW) Silent Unseen (Cichociemni) Wachlarz

Predecessors	Service for Poland's Victory (SZP) Union of Armed Struggle (ZWZ)

Affiliates	Peasants' Battalions (BCh) Confederation of the Nation (KN) Leśni (Forest Soldiers) National Military Association (NOW) (split) National Armed Forces (NSZ-AK) (faction) Camp of Fighting Poland (OPW) Gray Ranks (Szare Szeregi - Boy Scouts) Secret Polish Army (TAP) Socialist Party People's Guard (GL-WRN) Union of Retaliation (ZO)

Successors	Independence (NIE) Freedom and Independence (WiN)

Opponents and rivals

Opponents	Nazi Germany UPA Ukrainian Insurgent Army Lithuanian Security Police

Rivals	NSZ National Armed Forces (split) AL Armia Ludowa (People's Army) Soviet partisans

Related articles: The Holocaust in Poland; Warsaw Uprising; Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

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