John M. Deutch

For the Canadian economist, see John James Deutsch.
John Deutch
17th Director of Central Intelligence
In office
May 10, 1995 – December 15, 1996
President Bill Clinton
Preceded by James Woolsey
Succeeded by George Tenet
United States Deputy Secretary of Defense
In office
March 11, 1994 – May 10, 1995
President Bill Clinton
Preceded by William J. Perry
Succeeded by John P. White
Personal details
Born John Mark Deutch
(1938-07-27) July 27, 1938
Brussels, Belgium
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s) Patricia Lyon Deutch
Alma mater Amherst College (B.A.)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Ph.D.)
Religion Judaism

John Mark Deutch (born July 27, 1938) is an American physical chemist and civil servant. He was the United States Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1994 to 1995 and Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from May 10, 1995 until December 15, 1996.[1] He is an Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and serves on the Board of Directors of Citigroup, Cummins, Raytheon, and Schlumberger Ltd. Deutch is also a member of the Trilateral Commission.[2]

Background

Deutch was born in Brussels, Belgium, the son of Rachel Felicia (Fischer) and Michael Joseph Deutch.[3] He is of Russian Jewish heritage, and became a United States citizen in 1945.[1] He graduated from the Sidwell Friends School in Washington, D.C. and earned a bachelor's degree in History and Economics from Amherst College. In 1961, he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering and, in 1966, he earned a PhD in Chemistry, both from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He holds honorary degrees from Amherst College, University of Massachusetts Lowell, and Northeastern University.

From 1977 to 1980, he served in several positions for the United States Department of Energy (DOE): as Director of Energy Research, Acting Assistant Secretary for Energy Technology, and Undersecretary of the Department. In 1978, Deutch published two physical-chemistry papers (in, Combustion and Flame, 1978, vol 231 pp. 215–221 and 223-229) on modeling the mechanism of the Fuel/Air mixture. He served as the provost of MIT from 1985 - 1990. As MIT Dean of Science and Provost, Deutch oversaw the disbanding of the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, including its toxicology faculty.

CIA career

In 1995, President Bill Clinton appointed him Director of Central Intelligence (cabinet rank in the Clinton administration). However, Deutch was initially reluctant to accept the appointment. As head of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Deutch continued the policy of his predecessor R. James Woolsey to declassify records pertaining to U.S. covert operations during the Cold War.[4]

Deutch fell out of favor with the Clinton administration because of public testimony he gave to Congress on Iraq. Specifically Deutch testified that Saddam Hussein was stronger than he was four years ago and the CIA might never be able to remedy the issue. Clinton dismissed Deutch after he had won re-election.[5][6]

Deutch left the CIA on December 15, 1996[1] and soon after it was revealed that several of his laptop computers contained classified materials designated as unclassified. In January 1997, the CIA began a formal security investigation of the matter. Senior management at CIA declined to fully pursue the security breach. Over two years after his departure, the matter was referred to the Department of Justice, where Attorney General Janet Reno declined prosecution. She did, however, recommend an investigation to determine whether Deutch should retain his security clearance.[7] President Clinton pardoned Deutch on his last day in office.[8] Deutch had agreed to plead guilty to a misdemeanor for mishandling government secrets, but President Clinton pardoned him before the Justice Department could file the case against him.[9]

Accomplishments

Deutch was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2007. He is a member of the National Petroleum Council since 2008 and the Secretary of DOE Energy Advisory Board, since 2010.[10]

Sources

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
William Perry		 United States Deputy Secretary of Defense
1994–1995 		Succeeded by
John White
Government offices
Preceded by
James Woolsey		 Director of Central Intelligence
1995–1996 		Succeeded by
George Tenet
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