Kakanj

Kakanj
Какањ

Location of Kakanj within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Canton Zenica-Doboj
Government
 • Municipality president Nermin Mandra (SDA)
Area
 • Total 377 km2 (146 sq mi)
Population (2013 census)
 • Total 38,937
 • Density 103/km2 (270/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 72,240
Area code(s) +387 32
Website www.kakanj.com.ba/

Kakanj is an industrial town and a municipality in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, located north of Visoko and southeast of Zenica. It was built along the slopes of wide hills on either side of the Zgošća river. It is administratively part of the Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

View of Kakanj.

Demographics

Town of Kakanj, 1991. census; total: 12,008

  Muslims 4,977 (41.44%)
  Croats 2,387 (19.87%)
  Serbs 2,053 (17.09%)
  Yugoslavs 1,841 (15.33%)
  others 750 (6.24%)
Population of Kakanj municipality
year of census 1991. 1981. 1971.
Muslims 30,528 (54,56%) 27,393 (52,55%) 25,142 (52,84%)
Croats 16,556 (29,59%) 16,016 (30,72%) 15,479 (32,53%)
Serbs 4,929 (8,80%) 5,182 (9,94%) 6,233 (13,10%)
Yugoslavs 2,554 (4,56%) 2,298 (4,40%) 301 (0,63%)
others and unknown 1,383 (2,47%) 1,238 (2,37%) 425 (0,89%)
total 55,950 52,127 47,580

In the census of 1991, the city of Kakanj itself had 12,008 inhabitants.

In 2005, estimates of population of the municipality included 88% Bosniaks and 11% Croats.

History

Neolithic artifacts have been found in Obre, a nearby village.

Settlements in the region are very ancient. They are claimed to be historical landmarks of the early Bosnian state. Kraljeva Sutjeska, a Franciscan monastery, is of particular historical note. Near the monastery is Bobovac, scene of the last stand of Bosnian Queen Katarina Kosača and medieval residence of Bosnian kings. In Kraljeva Sutjeska is one of the oldest mosques in Bosnia, built by order of Sultan Mehmed II the Victorious during his expedition to Bosnia and conquest of Bobovac. The Kakanj area enjoyed a renaissance during the rule of the Kotromanić dynasty.

One of the most beautiful tombs ever found in Bosnia, with a carving of a hunting cavalier, was found in Kakanj; it is currently displayed in the botanic garden of The State Museum in Sarajevo.

Kakanj was first mentioned 1468 as settlement with 90 houses. Coal mine Kakanj was founded in 1900 under Austro-Hungarian rule around a developing coal mine, which began production in 1902. In the next hundred years, Kakanj developed organically without any urban planning, initially around the coal mine, and later along the banks of the Zgošća and Bosna rivers.

Bosnian War (1992-95)

The situation in Kakanj at the beginning of the Bosnian War was rather quiet, confronted with the frontlines in the area of Zavidovići. The town was in the middle of the Bosniak Sarajevo-controlled territory, along the communication path with Zenica. Most of the Serb minority soon left the town, while Bosniak refugees from Serb-controlled towns returned.

Between March and June 1994, Croats and Bosniaks signed the Washington Agreement, forming the Federation of Bosnia-Herzegovina. The situation in Kakanj improved, but refugees did not came back. Health and sanitation conditions are poor, even though not severe; an hepatitis epidemic is recorded in 1994. Food Security is under control, thanks to humanitarian aid, even though prices remain prohibitive and most of the family survive with company-organized distribution and kitchen gardens. Almost all productive activities are stopped, and nobody receive any salary, but monthly food packages.

Post-war

Mosque in Kakanj

After the war the population of Kakanj rose to 48,000, of which 43,000 are Bosniaks, 4,000 are Croats, and few hundreds are Serbs. From 1995 to 1998, some hundred Croats made individual returns to Kakanj, and 3,000 Bosniak refugees returned to their homes.

Cement factory

The economy in Kakanj, notwithstanding promises, does not start off, and many young people leave or do not come back from gastarbeiter workplaces in Germany and elsewhere. Over 16,000 town inhabitants, more than 4,000 are unemployed. The cement factory (owned by a German company by 51%) does not work fully, and all the cement goes for construction works in Sarajevo. The coal mine hardly works: its coal is out of market because it's polluting. Cement factory workers earns the most, 800 DM/months; then came powerplant workers, and last the miners. The cost of life for a 4 persons family is around 1000 DM/month.

On 29 Septembre 1999, the High Representative (OHR) Wolfgang Petrisch removed from office the mayor of Kakanj, Kemal Brodilija, for obstructing the implementation of the Dayton Agreements and pursuing an extra-legal agenda.[1]

FK Rudar Kakanj.
OK Kakanj.

Sport

Villages in the municipality (1991)

The name "Kakanj" also refers to one of the many villages in the municipality: Alagići • Bastašići • Bašići • Bičer • Bijele Vode • Bijelo Polje • Bilješevo • Bistrik – Crkvenjak • Bištrani • Bjelavići • Bosna • Brežani • Brnj • Brnjic • Bukovlje • Crnač • Čatići • Danci • Desetnik • Doboj • Donja Papratnica • Donji Banjevac • Donji Kakanj • Donji Lučani • Dračići • Drijen • Dubovo Brdo • Dumanac • Gora • Gornja Papratnica • Gornji Banjevac • Gornji Lučani • Govedovići • Gradac • Groce • Halinovići • Haljinići • Hausovići • Hodžići • Hrasno • Hrastovac • Ivnica • Javor • Jehovina • Jerevice • Jezero • Kakanj • Karaula • Karaulsko Polje • Klanac • Kondžilo • Koprivnica • Kraljevska Sutjeska • Krševac • Kučići • Kujavče • Lipnica • Lučići • Lukovo Brdo • Marijina Voda • Miljačići • Mioči • Modrinje • Mramor • Nažbilj • Obre • Papratno • Pavlovići • Pedići • Podbjelavići • Podborje • Poljani • Poljice • Pope • Popržena Gora • Ratanj • Ribnica • Ričica • Rojin Potok • Saranovići • Sebinje • Semetiš • Seoce • Slagoščići • Slapnica • Slivanj • Slivnice • Sopotnica • Starposle • Subotinje • Termoelektrana • Teševo • Tičići • Tršće • Turalići • Turbići • Varalići • Veliki Trnovci • Viduša • Vrtlište • Vukanovići • Zagrađe • Zgošća • Zlokuće • Željeznička Stanica Kakanj • Živalji.

Ethnic structure by settlements, 1991 census

Absolute ethnic majority:

  Croats
  Serbs

Relative ethnic majority:

Village total Bosniaks Croats Serbs Yugoslavs others
Alagići 94 61 23 9 1 0
Bastašići 74 67 7 0 0 0
Bašići 200 200 0 0 0 0
Bičer 379 315 0 54 7 3
Bijele Vode 288 216 0 67 3 2
Bijelo Polje 477 55 392 0 19 11
Bilješevo 239 1 1 233 0 4
Bistrik - Crkvenjak 404 59 340 0 4 1
Bištrani 574 339 229 1 3 2
Bjelavići 36244 35684 688 1 5 30
Bosna 63 0 0 63 0 0
Brežani 954 94 400 300 300 0
Brnj 710 490 209 0 8 3
Brnjic 820 820 0 0 0 0
Bukovlje 1,608 640 917 0 35 16
Crnač 599 332 266 1 0 0
Čatići 1,448 534 815 12 42 45
Danci 62 0 0 56 6 0
Desetnik 522 355 0 166 0 1
Doboj 2,516 1,973 154 171 131 87
Donja Papratnica 565 542 0 21 0 2
Donji Banjevac 145 0 133 8 1 3
Donji Kakanj 60 57 0 0 3 0
Donji Lučani 114 0 0 114 0 0
Dračići 33 0 0 33 0 0
Drijen 106 105 0 0 0 1
Dubovo Brdo 268 268 0 0 0 0
Dumanac 607 522 0 67 10 8
Gora 501 284 196 0 16 5
Gornja Papratnica 142 90 0 25 1 26
Gornji Banjevac 408 132 274 0 2 0
Gornji Lučani 400 315 1 81 3 0
Govedovići 217 3 212 2 0 0
Gradac 21 21 0 0 0 0
Groce 272 267 0 5 0 0
Halinovići 154 154 0 0 0 0
Haljinići 815 15 754 3 21 22
Hausovići 131 120 1 10 0 0
Hodžići 491 491 0 0 0 0
Hrasno 473 468 0 0 2 3
Hrastovac 299 299 0 0 0 0
Ivnica 257 246 0 10 0 1
Javor 149 131 0 18 0 0
Jehovina 171 4 0 164 1 2
Jerevice 272 265 0 1 6 0
Jezero 159 144 1 11 3 0
Kakanj 12,008 4,977 2,387 2,053 1,841 750
Karaula 173 136 1 35 1 0
Karaulsko Polje 292 179 7 91 9 6
Klanac 134 0 134 0 0 0
Kondžilo 42 0 0 39 3 0
Koprivnica 267 266 0 0 1 0
Kraljevska Sutjeska 852 45 752 2 29 24
Krševac 462 456 0 1 1 4
Kučići 472 470 2 0 0 0
Kujavče 268 267 0 0 1 0
Lipnica 274 173 98 0 3 0
Lučići 228 104 122 0 0 2
Lukovo Brdo 244 32 212 0 0 0
Marijina Voda 725 188 487 2 8 40
Miljačići 318 44 262 1 2 9
Mioči 182 57 0 122 1 2
Modrinje 635 506 0 122 6 1
Mramor 232 231 0 0 0 1
Nažbilj 299 284 12 0 3 0
Obre 507 464 7 1 5 30
Papratno 114 8 105 0 0 1
Pavlovići 334 1 327 1 0 5
Pedići 465 463 0 0 0 2
Podbjelavići 730 190 455 9 50 26
Podborje 202 192 1 1 2 6
Poljani 1,325 91 1,216 2 2 14
Poljice 139 0 135 4 0 0
Pope 715 604 88 1 17 5
Popržena Gora 343 261 0 80 0 2
Ratanj 350 0 324 0 16 10
Ribnica 119 116 0 0 0 3
Ričica 820 471 345 0 2 2
Rojin Potok 204 163 29 1 3 8
Saranovići 29 0 0 29 0 0
Sebinje 133 133 0 0 0 0
Semetiš 165 164 0 0 0 1
Seoce 878 93 753 1 20 11
Slagoščići 57 0 57 0 0 0
Slapnica 836 257 557 2 12 8
Slivanj 211 210 0 0 1 0
Slivnice 453 316 26 62 40 9
Sopotnica 720 673 0 47 0 0
Starposle 393 393 0 0 0 0
Subotinje 148 79 0 67 1 1
Termoelektrana 202 111 17 35 38 1
Teševo 351 0 351 0 0 0
Tičići 940 578 1 342 11 8
Tršće 799 698 68 32 0 1
Turalići 339 336 0 0 0 3
Turbići 226 0 217 0 5 4
Varalići 612 609 0 0 1 2
Veliki Trnovci 577 255 311 0 9 2
Viduša 90 31 0 59 0 0
Vrtlište 399 396 0 0 1 2
Vukanovići 642 0 637 0 1 4
Zagrađe 375 372 0 0 3 0
Zgošća 960 666 209 60 23 2
Zlokuće 263 255 0 0 0 8
Željeznička Stanica Kakanj 628 270 23 217 38 80
Živalji 327 191 130 0 5 1
total 55,950 30,528 16,556 4,929 2,554 1,383

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.ohr.int/decisions/removalssdec/default.asp?content_id=273
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External links

Coordinates: 44°07′52″N 18°05′50″E / 44.13111°N 18.09722°E / 44.13111; 18.09722

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