Kalyazin

Kalyazin (English)
Калязин (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

In Kalyazin

Location of Tver Oblast in Russia
Kalyazin
Location of Kalyazin in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: 57°14′N 37°53′E / 57.233°N 37.883°E / 57.233; 37.883Coordinates: 57°14′N 37°53′E / 57.233°N 37.883°E / 57.233; 37.883
Coat of arms
Administrative status (as of December 2012)
Country Russia
Federal subject Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative district Kalyazinsky District[2]
Urban settlement Kalyazin[2]
Administrative center of Kalyazinsky District,[3] Kalyazin Urban Settlement[2]
Municipal status (as of July 2009)
Municipal district Kalyazinsky Municipal District[4]
Urban settlement Kalyazin Urban Settlement[4]
Administrative center of KalyazinskyMunicipal District,[5] Kalyazin Urban Settlement[4]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 13,867 inhabitants[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
Founded 12th century[8]
Town status since 1775
Postal code(s)[9] 171571, 171573
Kalyazin on Wikimedia Commons

Kalyazin (Russian: Каля́зин) is a town and the administrative center of Kalyazinsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volga River, 175 kilometers (109 mi) northeast of Tver, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 13,867 (2010 Census);[6] 14,820 (2002 Census);[10] 15,544 (1989 Census).[11]

History

A sloboda (a settlement for people relieved from paying taxes) appeared on the site of modern Kalyazin in the 12th century.[8] Its importance grew significantly with the foundation of the Makaryevsky Monastery on the opposite bank of the Volga in the 15th century.[8] This abbey used to be the most conspicuous landmark of Kalyazin and comprised numerous buildings of historic interest, including a refectory from 1525. The name of the town originates from certain Kolyaga, a land proprietor in the 15th century.[8]

In the 18th century, the area was included into Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Kalyazin was granted town rights[8] and Kalyazinsky Uyezd was established. It was a part of newly established Tver Viceroyalty. In 1796, the Viceroyalty was abolished and transformed into Tver Governorate. Kalyazinsky Uyezd was abolished, but in 1803, it was re-established.[12] On May 30, 1922, Kalyazinsky Uyezd was abolished and merged into Kashinsky Uyezd.[13] On October 3, 1927, Kashinsky Uyezd itself was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Kimrsky Uyezds.[13]

On August 12, 1929, Tver Governorate was abolished, with its territory transferred to Moscow Oblast.[13] Uyezds were abolished as well, and Kalyazinsky District, with the administrative center in Kalyazin, was established within Kimry Okrug of Moscow Oblast.[13] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[14] On January 29, 1935, Kalinin Oblast was established, and Kalyazinsky District was transferred to it.[13]

In 1940, the monastery and most of the old town were submerged under water during the construction of the Uglich Hydroelectric Station, which created the Uglich Reservoir. After that, the town was effectively relocated to a new, higher spot.

The Flooded Belfry is a part of the flooded church and the most eye-catching landmark of Kalyazin

On February 13, 1963, during the abortive Khrushchev's administrative reform, Kalyazinsky District was merged into Kimrsky District, but on March 4, 1964 it was re-established.[13] In July 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.[15]

On November 19, 2001, a chartered IRS Aero Ilyushin Il-18 airplane crashed in Kalyazin, killing all twenty-seven on board.[16] On August 26, 2010, dozens of Central Asian guest workers were deported from the town after mass clashes with the locals.[17] Their construction site jobs were given to locals instead.[18]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kalyazin serves as the administrative center of Kalyazinsky District.[3] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Kalyazinsky District as Kalyazin Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Kalyazinsky Municipal District.[4]

Economy

Industry

Two factories in Kalyazin—one producing oil extraction equipment and another one manufacturing some parts of MiG airplanes—are responsible for 42% of the total industrial production of the district. Chemical, food, leather, and textile industry are present as well.[19]

Transportation

The Kalyazin railway station

Kalyazin is home to one of the largest railway stations in Tver Oblast. Trains from St. Petersburg, Moscow (Savyolovsky railway station), Kashin, Uglich, Rybinsk, Sonkovo, Savyolovo, and other major locations pass through the station.

Kalyazin is connected by roads with Sergiyev Posad, Uglich, and with Tver and Kimry via Kashin. There are local roads as well. There is bus traffic originating from Kalyazin.

The Volga is navigable; however, there is no passenger navigation.

Culture and recreation

Former Ryzhkov House, a cultural heritage monument

Kalyazin contains sixteen cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally twenty-two objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The town landmark is the Kalyazin Bell Tower, submerged by the Uglich Reservoir and located only partially above the water level. Other federal monuments include the ensemble of administrative buildings and living houses in the center of the town, and the Ascension and the Epiphany Churches.[20]

The Kalyazinsky District Museum is located in Kalyazin.[21]

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Law #34-ZO
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #27-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Kalyazinsky Municipal District, lists the town of Kalyazin as a part and the administrative center of Kalyazin Urban Settlement of that district.
  3. 1 2 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 222», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 28 222, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  4. 1 2 3 4 Law #27-ZO
  5. ↑ Law #4-ZO
  6. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. pp. 175–176. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
  9. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  10. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  12. ↑ Российская империя: административно-территориальное деление (1708–1917): Тверская губерния (in Russian). Russian National Library. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  14. ↑ Snytko et al., p. 87
  15. ↑ Decree of July 17, 1990
  16. ↑ 1tv.ru 27 человек погибло в результате катастрофы самолета ИЛ-18 (Russian)
  17. ↑ "A Kondopoga at the gates of Moscow". Archived from the original on August 30, 2010.
  18. ↑ "На стройке в Калязине Тверской области начали работать местные жители".
  19. ↑ Промышленность (in Russian). Administration of Kalyazinsky District. Retrieved June 10, 2014.
  20. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 10, 2014.
  21. ↑ Калязинский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved June 10, 2014.

Sources

External links

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