Sonkovsky District

Sonkovsky District
Сонковский район (Russian)

Location of Sonkovsky District in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: 57°46′50″N 37°09′30″E / 57.78056°N 37.15833°E / 57.78056; 37.15833Coordinates: 57°46′50″N 37°09′30″E / 57.78056°N 37.15833°E / 57.78056; 37.15833
Flag
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative structure (as of 2012)
Administrative center urban-type settlement of Sonkovo[1]
Administrative divisions:
Urban settlements 1
Rural settlements 7
Inhabited localities:
Urban-type settlements[2] 1
Rural localities 181
Municipal structure (as of February 2005)
Municipally incorporated as Sonkovsky Municipal District[3]
Municipal divisions:[4]
Urban settlements 1
Rural settlements 7
Statistics
Area 970 km2 (370 sq mi)[5]
Population (2010 Census) 8,553 inhabitants[6]
• Urban 48.7%
• Rural 51.3%
Density 8.82/km2 (22.8/sq mi)[7]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[8]
Official website
Sonkovsky District on WikiCommons

Sonkovsky District (Russian: Сонко́вский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[3] district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast and borders with Krasnokholmsky District in the north, Nekouzsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the east, Kesovogorsky District in the south, and with Bezhetsky District in the west. The area of the district is 970 square kilometers (370 sq mi).[5] Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Sonkovo.[1] Population: 8,553 (2010 Census);[6] 10,523 (2002 Census);[9] 13,570 (1989 Census).[10] The population of Sonkovo accounts for 48.7% of the district's total population.[6]

Geography

The district lies entirely in the drainage area of the Rybinsk Reservoir of the Volga River. The rivers in its western part drain into the Ostrechina and the Osen, right tributaries of the Mologa River. The northeastern part of the district belongs to the basin of the Sit River, a tributary of the Rybinsk Reservoir. The Sit itself has its source in the district, northwest of Sonkovo. The rivers in the southeastern part of the district drain into the Korozhechna, another tributary of the Rybinsk Reservoir. The Korozhechna crosses the southern part of the district from west to east.

History

The area is remarkable for being a location of the Battle of the Sit River, which took place in 1238 at the Sit, close to the current selo of Bozhonka, between the advancing Mongols and the army under command of Yuri Vladimirovich, a prince of Vladimir. The Mongols won, and Prince Yuri died in combat. Since 1247, the area was a part of Principality of Tver, and in the 14th century, together with Tver, was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow. From the 17th century, Tver Karelians settled in the area.[11]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates. The area was split between Bezhetsk and Kashin Uyezds of Tver Viceroyalty.[11] In 1796, Tver Viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate. On October 3, 1927 Kashinsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Kimrsky Uyezds; the area of the district which previously belonged to Kashinsky Uyezd, was transferred to Bezhetsky Uyezd.[12]

The area, previously a backwater, considerably accelerated its economical development after the railroads were constructed in the end of the 19th century.[11]

On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Sonkovsky District, with the administrative center in the settlement of Sonkovo, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Sonkovsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On February 13, 1963, during the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform, Sonkovsky District was merged into Bezhetsky District, but on January 12, 1965 it was re-established.[12] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.

Economy

Industry

The industrial enterprises in the district are located in Sonkovo and serve the railway station. Additionally, there is a milk production plant.[5]

Agriculture

The main agricultural specializations in the district are cattle breeding with meat and milk production.

Transportation

Sonkovo railway station

Two railways cross the district. One, running from south to north, connects Moscow with Mga via Krasny Kholm and Pestovo. Another one, running east to west, connects Rybinsk with Bologoye. Sonkovo, where the two railways cross, is an important junction.

Sonkovo is connected by road with Bezhetsk, where it has access to the roads running to Tver and Vesyegonsk. There are also local roads, with the bus traffic originating from Sonkovo.

Culture and recreation

The district contains twenty-three cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally twenty-eight objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments include the former monastery complex in the village of Koy, as well as the 18th-century churches in the villages of Odintsovo, Sinevo-Dubrovo, and Rameshki, and a windmill in the village of Prigorki.[13]

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 251», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 28 251, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  2. ↑ The count of urban-type settlements includes the work settlements, the resort settlements, the suburban (dacha) settlements, as well as urban-type settlements proper.
  3. 1 2 Law #4-ZO
  4. ↑ Law #46-ZO
  5. 1 2 3 пгт. Сонково (in Russian). Сонковский район. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  6. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  7. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  8. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. 1 2 3 История (in Russian). Администрация Сонковского района. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
  12. 1 2 Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved 11 July 2013.
  13. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved July 26, 2011.

Sources

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