Kapes (genus)

Kapes Temporal range: Lower - Middle Triassic
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	†Parareptilia
Order:	†Procolophonomorpha
Family:	†Procolophonidae
Subfamily:	†Procolophoninae
Genus:	†Kapes Ivakhnenko, 1975
Species
†K. amaenus Ivakhnenko, 1975 (type) †K. komiensis(Ivakhnenko, 1975 [originally Macrophon komiensis]) †K. majmesculae(Ochev, 1968 [originally Tichvinskia majmesculae]) †K. bentoni Spencer and Storrs, 2002

Kapes is an extinct genus of procolophonid parareptile from the Lower and Middle Triassic of the United Kingdom and Russia. It is a member of the subfamily Procolophoninae.^[1] The type species K. amaenus was named in 1975 from the banks of the Vychegda River in the Komi Republic of Russia. In 1983, a new species was brought into the genus, K. majmesculae. K. majmesculae was first named in 1968 as a member of the genus Tichvinskia. A third Russian species, K. serotinus, was named in 1991. In 2002, Kapes bentoni was named from the Middle Triassic Otter Sandstone of Devon, England, extending the geographic range of Kapes. In the same paper, K. serotinus was synonymized with K. majmesculae and another Russian species was assigned to Kapes called K. komiensis. K. komiensis was first named in 1975 (in the same paper K. amaenus was named in) as a member of the genus Macrophon.^[2]

Phylogeny

Below is a cladogram from Ruta et al. (2011) showing the placement of Kapes within Procolophonidae:^[3]

Procolophonidae

Coletta seca Pintosaurus magnidentis Sauropareion anoplus Kitchingnathus untabeni Phaanthosaurus ignatjevi Phaanthosaurus simus Theledectinae Eumetabolodon dongshengensis Theledectes perforatus Tichvinskia vjatkensis Leptopleuroninae Pentaedrusaurus ordosianus Neoprocolophon asiaticus Sclerosaurus armatus Scoloparia glyphanodon Leptopleuron lacertinum Soturnia caliodon Hypsognathus fenneri Procolophoninae Eumetabolodon bathycephalus Procolophon trigoniceps Teratophon spinigenis Thelerpeton oppressus Timanophon raridentatus Thelephon contritus Anomoiodon liliensterni Kapes Kapes amaenus Kapes bentoni Kapes komiensis Kapes majmesculae

References

1. Cisneros, J. C. (2008). "Phylogenetic relationships of procolophonid parareptiles with remarks on their geological record". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 6 (3): 345–366. doi:10.1017/S1477201907002350.
2. Spencer, P. S.; Storrs, G. W. (2002). "A Re-evaluation of Small Tetrapods from the Middle Triassic Otter Sandstone Formation of Devon, England". Palaeontology 45 (3): 447. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00245.
3. Ruta, M.; Cisneros, J. C.; Liebrecht, T.; Tsuji, L. A.; Müller, J. (2011). "Amniotes through major biological crises: Faunal turnover among Parareptiles and the end-Permian mass extinction". Palaeontology 54 (5): 1117. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01051.x.