Kushiro, Hokkaido
| Kushiro 釧路市 | ||
|---|---|---|
| City | ||
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Top:Kushiro Wetland Park, 2nd left:Lake Akan, 2nd right Port of Kushiro, 3rd: Mount Akan-Fuji, Bottom left:Kushiro Ramen, Bottom right:Kushiro Fisherman's Wharf Woo | ||
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 Location of Kushiro in Hokkaido (Kushiro Subprefecture) | ||
  Kushiro Location in Japan | ||
| Coordinates: 42°59′N 144°23′E / 42.983°N 144.383°ECoordinates: 42°59′N 144°23′E / 42.983°N 144.383°E | ||
| Country | Japan | |
| Region | Hokkaido | |
| Prefecture | Hokkaido (Kushiro Subprefecture) | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Ebina Hiroya | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 1,362.75 km2 (526.16 sq mi) | |
| Population (August 31, 2011) | ||
| • Total | 183,757 | |
| • Density | 140/km2 (400/sq mi) | |
| Symbols | ||
| • Tree | Syringa reticulata | |
| • Flower | Nasturtium | |
| Time zone | Japan Standard Time (UTC+9) | |
| City Hall Address |
7-5 Kuroganechō, Kushiro-shi, Hokkaido 085-8505 | |
| Website |
www | |
Kushiro (釧路市 Kushiro-shi) is a Japanese city in Kushiro Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is the capital city of Kushiro Subprefecture, as well as the most populous city in eastern Hokkaido.
History
An Imperial decree in July 1899 established Kushiro as an open port for trading with the United States and the United Kingdom.[1]
Kushiro has been an important port because it is more reliably ice-free during winter than alternative Russian Far East warm-water ports such as Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky or other ports in Hokkaido such as Hakodate, which occasionally do freeze for short periods due to the lower salinity of the Sea of Japan. For this reason, Kushiro was considered a valuable target for the Tsars during the Russo-Japanese Wars, but it only became a really important port during the 1920s with the growth of commercial fishing, for which its reliable freedom from ice reduced costs.[2]
On October 11, 2005 the town of Akan, from Akan District, and the town of Onbetsu, from Shiranuka District, was merged into Kushiro.
In 2008 the city had an estimated population of 189,539 and a total area of 1,362.75 km2 (526.16 sq mi), giving a population density of 140 persons per km² (363 persons per sq. mi.).
In addition to its port, Kushiro is serviced by Kushiro Airport with flights from Honshu and by the Super Ōzora limited express train service, which runs seven times per day to the main population centres in the west of Hokkaido.
Kushiro was accorded city status on 1 August 1922. It is the sister city of Burnaby, British Columbia; Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia; and Kholmsk, Russia.[3]
- 1869 Kusuri becomes Kushiro.
- 1900 Kushiro becomes a First Class Municipality as Kushiro Town
- 1920 Kushiro Town becomes Kushiro-ku. Kushiro Village (now Town) splits off
- 1922 Kushiro-ku becomes Kushiro City
- 2005 Kushiro City, Akan Town, and Onbetsu Town merged to form the new city named Kushiro City
Geography
 City central |
Mountains
- Mount Oakan
- Mount Meakan
- Mount Akan-Fuji
Rivers
- Kushiro River
- Akan River
- Shitakara River
Lakes
- Lake Akan
- Lake Harutori
- Late Panketō
- Late Penketō
- Late Shunkushitakara
National Parks
Climate
Kushiro has a humid continental climate (Dfb) but its winter temperatures are less severe than those of inland East Asia at the same latitude. Its port is the most reliably ice-free throughout winter in all of Hokkaido, due to the lack of indentation in the coastline and absence of large inflows of cold fresh water nearby. It is also markedly sunnier than the extremely gloomy Kuril Islands to its north, being sheltered by Hokkaido's mountains from the heavy snowfalls produced on the Sea of Japan side by the Aleutian Low. It receives only a third as much snowfall as Sapporo and almost twice as much sunshine as the Kuril Islands are estimated to.
| Climate data for Kushiro, Hokkaido (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.0 (82.4) |
32.4 (90.3) |
29.7 (85.5) |
31.1 (88) |
29.0 (84.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
18.7 (65.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
32.4 (90.3) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −0.6 (30.9) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.7 (45.9) |
12.0 (53.6) |
15.2 (59.4) |
18.6 (65.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
14.8 (58.6) |
8.7 (47.7) |
2.5 (36.5) |
10.2 (50.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.4 (22.3) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
3.7 (38.7) |
8.1 (46.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
15.3 (59.5) |
18.0 (64.4) |
16.0 (60.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
6.2 (43.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −10.4 (13.3) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
0.3 (32.5) |
5.0 (41) |
9.0 (48.2) |
12.8 (55) |
15.5 (59.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
2.3 (36.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −28.3 (−18.9) |
−27 (−17) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
3.3 (37.9) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−2.2 (28) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−25.7 (−14.3) |
−28.3 (−18.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 44.3 (1.744) |
29.4 (1.157) |
58.4 (2.299) |
78.8 (3.102) |
113.0 (4.449) |
106.5 (4.193) |
115.4 (4.543) |
123.3 (4.854) |
153.1 (6.028) |
106.5 (4.193) |
71.3 (2.807) |
45.2 (1.78) |
1,045.2 (41.15) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 54 (21.3) |
39 (15.4) |
48 (18.9) |
12 (4.7) |
1 (0.4) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
6 (2.4) |
27 (10.6) |
187 (73.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.5 mm) | 6.4 | 5.4 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 11.8 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 107.5 |
| Average snowy days | 15.8 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 7.2 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 3.8 | 10.9 | 69.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 69 | 67 | 68 | 77 | 79 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 82 | 75 | 69 | 67 | 76.3 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 182.0 | 181.9 | 200.6 | 181.9 | 188.3 | 129.3 | 107.4 | 127.1 | 149.7 | 180.9 | 166.6 | 173.6 | 1,969.3 |
| Source #1: Japan Meteorological Agency[4] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Japan Meteorological Agency (records)[5] | |||||||||||||
Education
Universities
National
- Hokkaido University of Education, Kushiro Campus
Public
Colleges
National
- Kushiro National College of Technology
Private
- Kushiro junior College
High schools
Public
- Hokkaido Kushiro Koryo High School
- Hokkaido Kushiro Konan High School
- Hokkaido Kushiro Meiki High School
- Hokkaido Kushiro Commercial High School
- Hokkaido Kushiro Technical High School
- Hokkaido Akan High School
- Hokkaido Kushiro Hokuyo High School
Private
- Bushukan High School
- Ikegami Gakuen High School, Kushiro Campus
Transportation
- Kushiro Airport
- Port of Kushiro
- JR Hokkaido
- Nemuro Main Line : Chokubetsu - Shakubetsu Station - Onbetsu - (Shiranuka, Hokkaido) - Otanoshike - Shin-Otanoshike - Shin-Fuji - Kushiro - Higashi-Kushiro - Musa
- Senmō Main Line : Higashi-Kushiro
- Taiheiyō Coal Services and Transportation Rinkō Line
Sports
Ice hockey is one of the most popular winter sports in Kushiro. In addition to several leagues devoted top amateur play of all ages, Kushiro is home to the Asia League Ice Hockey Nippon Paper Cranes, three time Asia League Champions.
Kushiro and many other cities are interested in hosting bandy teams.[6]
Notable people
- Kazuhiko Chiba, football player
- Yutaka Fukufuji, ice hockey goaltender
- Yukinobu Hoshino, manga artist
- Akira Ifukube, composer
- Keisuke Itagaki, manga artist
- Saori Kitakaze, sprinter
- Satoshi Kon, anime film director
- Luna H. Mitani, artist
- Hiromi Nagakura, photographer
- Maki Nomiya, singer of the Japanese band "Pizzicato Five"
- Shinji Somai, film director
- Kazuro Watanabe, astronomer
- Aina Takeuchi, ice hockey defenseman with Calgary Inferno
Sister cities
Yuzawa, Akita, Japan (since 1963)- Tottori, Tottori, Japan (since 1963)
Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada (since 1965)
Kholmsk, Kholmsky District, Sakhalin Oblast, Russia (since 1975)- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Kamchatka Krai, Russia (since 1998)
References
- ↑ US Department of State. (1906). A digest of international law as embodied in diplomatic discussions, treaties and other international agreements (John Bassett Moore, ed.), Vol. 5, p. 759.
- ↑ Port of Kushiro
- ↑ Russian presence in Japan
- ↑ "平年値（年・月ごとの値）". Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved 2010-03-06.
- ↑ "観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）". Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved 2010-03-06.
- ↑ Greetings from Hiromasa Takamura President Japan Bandy Federation
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kushiro, Hokkaido. |
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Kushiro travel guide from Wikivoyage - Official website (Japanese)
- JNTO Website (English)
- kushiro.com (English)
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