List of ethnic cleansings

This article lists incidents that have been termed ethnic cleansing by some academic or legal experts. Not all experts agree on every case, particularly since there are a variety of definitions for the term ethnic cleansing. Where claims of ethnic cleansing originate from non-experts (e.g., journalists or politicians) this is noted.

Ancient and Medieval periods

Early modern period

19th century

20th century

Deportation of the Armenians in the Baghdad railway, 1910s

1900s–1910s

1920s–1930s

Greek refugees from Smyrna, 1922

1940s

Westward shift of Poland after World War II. The respective German, Polish and Ukrainian populations were expelled, or ethnically cleansed.

Serbian Chetnik atrocities against Bosniaks and Croats in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1941-1945, under the command of Draza Mihailovic, have been characterised as organised ethnic cleansing. It is estimated that around 32,000 Croats (20,000 from Croatia, and 12,000 from Bosnia) and 33,000 Bosniak Muslims were killed.

Massacres of Poles in Volhynia in 1943. Most Poles of Volhynia (now in Ukraine) had either been murdered or had fled the area.
About 14.5 million lost their homes as a result of the partition of India in 1947.

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

A boy at a grave during the 2006 funeral of genocide victims
Bhutanese refugees in Nepal
Ethnic cleansing of a Croatian home

21st century

2000s

2010s

Strategic demographic and cultural cleansing of the Sinhala Buddhist majority by the Islamic extremists in Sri Lanka through the introduction of Shariyah concepts, through administering sub-fertility inducing on non-Muslim people in Sri Lanka, through destruction of historic monuments and places of religious worship, through economic monopolization. (http://socialaffairsjournal.com/CurrentIssue/5_SAJ_1%283%29Punchihewa.pdf)

Refugees of the fighting in the Central African Republic, January 19, 2014

References

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      Most Irish remember him as the man responsible for the mass slaughter of civilians at Drogheda and Wexford and as the agent of the greatest episode of ethnic cleansing ever attempted in Western Europe as, within a decade, the percentage of land possessed by Catholics born in Ireland dropped from sixty to twenty. In a decade, the ownership of two-fifths of the land mass was transferred from several thousand Irish Catholic landowners to British Protestants. The gap between Irish and the English views of the seventeenth-century conquest remains unbridgeable and is governed by G.K. Chesterton's mirthless epigram of 1917, that "it was a tragic necessity that the Irish should remember it; but it was far more tragic that the English forgot it."
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      [The Act of Settlement of Ireland], and the parliamentary legislation which succeeded it the following year, is the nearest thing on paper in the English, and more broadly British, domestic record, to a programme of state-sanctioned and systematic ethnic cleansing of another people. The fact that it did not include 'total' genocide in its remit, or that it failed to put into practice the vast majority of its proposed expulsions, ultimately, however, says less about the lethal determination of its makers and more about the political, structural and financial weakness of the early modern English state.
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  155. Wages of Hatred, Business Week
  156. Behind Ethnic War, Indonesia's Old Migration Policy
  157. DR Congo pygmies 'exterminated'
  158. DR Congo Pygmies appeal to UN
  159. Yes to Kosovo, No to East Timor? – International Herald Tribune
  160. 7.30 Report – 8/9/1999: Ethnic cleansing will empty East Timor if no aid comes: Belo
  161. U.S. Fiddles While East Timor Burns | AlterNet
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  163. Outrage Over East Timor
  164. Hoover Institution – Hoover Digest – Why East Timor Matters
  165. We cannot look the other way on ethnic cleansing – Opinion
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  167. Moore, Charles (October 29, 2005). "Bushmen forced out of desert after living off land for thousands of years". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved October 29, 2005.
  168. African Bushmen Tour U.S. to Fund Fight for Land
  169. Exiles of the Kalahari
  170. UN condemns Botswana government over Bushman evictions
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  173. Arabs pile into Darfur to take land 'cleansed' by janjaweed
  174. Iraq is disintegrating as ethnic cleansing takes hold
  175. "There is ethnic cleansing"
  176. Iraq refugees chased from home, struggle to cope
  177. U.N.: 100,000 Iraq refugees flee monthly. Alexander G. Higgins, Boston Globe, 3 November 2006.
  178. In North Iraq, Sunni Arabs Drive Out Kurds
  179. Christians, targeted and suffering, flee Iraq
  180. IRAQ Terror campaign targets Chaldean church in Iraq – Asia News
  181. UNHCR | Iraq Archived 29 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  182. Christians live in fear of death squads
  183. Jonathan Steele: While the Pope tries to build bridges in Turkey, the precarious plight of Iraq's Christians gets only worse | World news | guardian.co.uk
  184. Iraq's Mandaeans 'face extinction'
  185. Iraq's Yazidis fear annihilation
  186. Ann McFeatters: Iraq refugees find no refuge in America. Seattle Post-Intelligencer 25 May 2007.
  187. Niger starts mass Arab expulsions
  188. Reuters Niger's Arabs say expulsions will fuel race hate
  189. Niger's Arabs to fight expulsion
  190. UNHCR | Refworld – The Leader in Refugee Decision Support
  191. Burma Karen families 'on the run', BBC News
  192. " Human Rights in Burma: Fifteen Years Post Military Coup ", Refugees International
  193. U.S. envoy calls violence in Kenya 'ethnic cleansing'
  194. Al Jazeera English – News – Kenya Ethnic Clashes Intensify
  195. U.N.: 600,000 Displaced In Kenya Unrest
  196. BBC NEWS | Africa | Kenya opposition cancels protests
  197. BBC NEWS | Africa | Kenya diplomatic push for peace
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  204. Alfred de Zayas "Turkey must apologise" Cyprus Weekly, February 25, 2011, p. 14
  205. UNHCR secures safe passage for Georgians fearing further fighting
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  207. Kyrgyzstan riots led to ethnic cleansing; government blames Bakiyev. CSMonitor.com (2010-06-16). Retrieved on 2013-07-18.
  208. Ng, Christina (9 June 2011). "Latino Gang Charged With Racial Cleansing Attacks in California Town". ABC News. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
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  210. Harris, Gardiner (July 28, 2012). "As Tensions in India Turn Deadly, Some Say Officials Ignored Warning Signs". The New York Times.
  211. Putz, Ulrike (2012-07-25). "Christians Flee from Radical Rebels in Syria - SPIEGEL ONLINE". Spiegel.de.
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