List of mammals of Mongolia
This is a list of the naturally occurring mammal species recorded in Mongolia. There are 121 mammal species in Mongolia, of which 2 are critically endangered, 4 are endangered, 9 are vulnerable, and 6 are near-threatened.[1]
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:
EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. |
EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. |
CR | Critically Endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. |
EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. |
VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
NT | Near Threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. |
LC | Least Concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. |
DD | Data Deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:
LR/cd | Lower Risk/conservation dependent | Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. |
LR/nt | Lower Risk/near threatened | Species which are close to being classified as Vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. |
LR/lc | Lower Risk/least concern | Species for which there are no identifiable risks. |
Subclass: Theria
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
- Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
- Genus: Castor
- European beaver Castor fiber NT
- Genus: Castor
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Genus: Sciurus
- Red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris NT
- Genus: Sciurus
- Tribe: Pteromyini
- Genus: Pteromys
- Siberian flying squirrel Pteromys volans LR/nt
- Genus: Pteromys
- Tribe: Sciurini
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Genus: Marmota
- Gray marmot Marmota baibacina LR/lc
- Tarbagan marmot Marmota sibirica LR/lc
- Genus: Spermophilus
- Alashan ground squirrel Spermophilus alashanicus LR/lc
- Daurian ground squirrel Spermophilus dauricus LR/lc
- Red-cheeked ground squirrel Spermophilus erythrogenys LR/lc
- Long-tailed ground squirrel Spermophilus undulatus LR/lc
- Genus: Tamias
- Siberian chipmunk Tamias sibiricus LR/lc
- Genus: Marmota
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Dryomys
- Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
- Genus: Dryomys
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
- Subfamily: Allactaginae
- Genus: Allactaga
- Balikun jerboa Allactaga balikunica LR/lc
- Gobi jerboa Allactaga bullata LR/nt
- Mongolian five-toed jerboa Allactaga sibirica LR/lc
- Genus: Pygeretmus
- Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa Pygeretmus pumilio LR/lc
- Genus: Allactaga
- Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
- Genus: Cardiocranius
- Five-toed pygmy jerboa Cardiocranius paradoxus VU
- Genus: Salpingotus
- Thick-tailed pygmy jerboa Salpingotus crassicauda VU
- Kozlov's pygmy jerboa Salpingotus kozlovi LR/nt
- Genus: Cardiocranius
- Subfamily: Dipodinae
- Genus: Dipus
- Northern three-toed jerboa Dipus sagitta LR/lc
- Genus: Stylodipus
- Andrews's three-toed jerboa Stylodipus andrewsi LR/lc
- Mongolian three-toed jerboa Stylodipus sungorus LR/lc
- Genus: Dipus
- Subfamily: Euchoreutinae
- Genus: Euchoreutes
- Long-eared jerboa Euchoreutes naso EN
- Genus: Euchoreutes
- Subfamily: Sicistinae
- Genus: Sicista
- Northern birch mouse Sicista betulina LR/nt
- Genus: Sicista
- Subfamily: Allactaginae
- Family: Spalacidae
- Subfamily: Myospalacinae
- Genus: Myospalax
- Transbaikal zokor Myospalax psilurus LR/lc
- Genus: Myospalax
- Subfamily: Myospalacinae
- Family: Cricetidae
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Genus: Allocricetulus
- Mongolian hamster Allocricetulus curtatus LR/lc
- Genus: Cricetulus
- Chinese striped hamster Cricetulus barabensis LR/lc
- Long-tailed dwarf hamster Cricetulus longicaudatus LR/lc
- Gray dwarf hamster Cricetulus migratorius LR/nt
- Sokolov's dwarf hamster Cricetulus sokolovi LR/lc
- Genus: Phodopus
- Campbell's dwarf hamster Phodopus campbelli LR/lc
- Roborovski hamster Phodopus roborovskii LR/lc
- Genus: Allocricetulus
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Alticola
- Gobi Altai mountain vole Alticola barakshin LR/lc
- Large-eared vole Alticola macrotis LR/lc
- Mongolian silver vole Alticola semicanus LR/lc
- Flat-headed vole Alticola strelzowi LR/lc
- Tuva silver vole Alticola tuvinicus LR/lc
- Genus: Arvicola
- Water vole Arvicola terrestris LR/lc
- Genus: Clethrionomys
- Bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus LR/lc
- Grey red-backed vole Clethrionomys rufocanus LR/lc
- Northern red-backed vole Clethrionomys rutilus LR/lc
- Genus: Ellobius
- Zaisan mole vole Ellobius tancrei LR/lc
- Genus: Eolagurus
- Yellow steppe lemming Eolagurus luteus LR/cd
- Przewalski's steppe lemming Eolagurus przewalskii LR/lc
- Genus: Lagurus
- Steppe lemming Lagurus lagurus LR/lc
- Genus: Lasiopodomys
- Brandt's vole Lasiopodomys brandtii LR/lc
- Genus: Microtus
- Field vole Microtus agrestis LR/lc
- Narrow-headed vole Microtus gregalis LR/lc
- Lacustrine vole Microtus limnophilus LR/lc
- Maximowicz's vole Microtus maximowiczii LR/lc
- Mongolian vole Microtus mongolicus LR/lc
- Common vole Microtus arvalis LR/lc
- Tundra vole Microtus oeconomus LC
- Genus: Myopus
- Wood lemming Myopus schisticolor NT
- Genus: Ondatra
- Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus LR/lc
- Genus: Alticola
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
- Subfamily: Gerbillinae
- Genus: Meriones
- Midday jird Meriones meridianus LR/lc
- Meriones unguiculatus LR/lc
- Genus: Rhombomys
- Great gerbil Rhombomys opimus LR/lc
- Genus: Meriones
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Apodemus
- Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae LR/lc
- Ural field mouse Apodemus uralensis LR/lc
- Genus: Micromys
- Harvest mouse Micromys minutus LR/nt
- Genus: Apodemus
- Subfamily: Gerbillinae
- Family: Castoridae (beavers)
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
- Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
- Genus: Ochotona
- Alpine pika Ochotona alpina LR/lc
- Daurian pika Ochotona dauurica LR/lc
- Hoffmann's pika Ochotona hoffmanni VU
- Northern pika Ochotona hyperborea LR/lc
- Pallas's pika Ochotona pallasi LR/lc
- Genus: Ochotona
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
- Genus: Lepus
- Mountain hare Lepus timidus LR/lc
- Genus: Lepus
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, while gymnures (who are not found in Mongolia) look more like large rats.
- Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- Genus: Hemiechinus
- Long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus LR/lc
- Genus: Mesechinus
- Daurian hedgehog Mesechinus dauuricus LR/lc
- Genus: Hemiechinus
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
- Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Siberian shrew Crocidura sibirica LR/lc
- Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc
- Genus: Crocidura
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Genus: Neomys
- Eurasian water shrew Neomys fodiens LR/lc
- Genus: Neomys
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Laxmann's shrew Sorex caecutiens LR/lc
- Siberian large-toothed shrew Sorex daphaenodon LR/lc
- Eurasian least shrew Sorex minutissimus LR/lc
- Flat-skulled shrew Sorex roboratus LR/lc
- Tundra shrew Sorex tundrensis LR/lc
- Genus: Sorex
- Tribe: Nectogalini
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Family: Talpidae (moles)
- Subfamily: Talpinae
- Tribe: Talpini
- Genus: Talpa
- Altai mole Talpa altaica LR/lc
- Genus: Talpa
- Tribe: Talpini
- Subfamily: Talpinae
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
- Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Lesser mouse-eared bat Myotis blythii LR/lc
- Brandt's bat Myotis brandti LR/lc
- Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii LR/lc
- Ikonnikov's bat Myotis ikonnikovi LR/lc
- Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus LR/lc
- Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri LR/lc
- Genus: Myotis
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Botta's serotine Eptesicus bottae LC
- Gobi big brown bat Eptesicus gobiensis LR/lc
- Northern bat Eptesicus nilssoni LR/lc
- Serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus LR/lc
- Genus: Hypsugo
- Savi's pipistrelle Hypsugo savii LR/lc
- Genus: Plecotus
- Brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus LR/lc
- Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus LR/lc
- Genus: Vespertilio
- Parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus LR/lc
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Subfamily: Murininae
- Genus: Murina
- Greater tube-nosed bat Murina leucogaster LR/lc
- Genus: Murina
- Subfamily: Myotinae
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
- Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Felis
- Pallas's cat Felis manul NT
- Mongolian wildcat Felis silvestris chutuchta LC
- Genus: Lynx
- Turkestan lynx Lynx lynx isabellinus NT
- Altai lynx Lynx lynx wardi NT
- Genus: Felis
- Subfamily: Pantherinae
- Genus: Panthera
- Caspian tiger Panthera tigris virgata EX
- Siberian tiger Panthera tigris altaica EN/EX
- Genus: Uncia
- Snow leopard Uncia uncia EN
- Genus: Panthera
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
- Genus: Vulpes
- Corsac fox Vulpes corsac LC
- Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
- Genus: Canis
- Tibetan wolf Canis lupus chanco LC
- Eurasian wolf Canis lupus lupus LC
- Genus: Cuon
- Ussuri dhole Cuon alpinus alpinus EN/EX (presence uncertain)
- Tien Shan dhole Cuon alpinus hesperius EN/EX (presence uncertain)
- Genus: Vulpes
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Mustela
- Mountain weasel Mustela altaica LR/lc
- Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc
- Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
- Genus: Vormela
- Marbled polecat Vormela peregusna LR/lc
- Genus: Martes
- Beech marten Martes foina LR/lc
- Sable Martes zibellina LR/lc
- Genus: Gulo
- Wolverine Gulo gulo VU
- Genus: Lutra
- European otter Lutra lutra NT
- Genus: Mustela
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
- Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
- Genus: Equus
- Przewalski's horse Equus ferus przewalskii EN
- Mongolian wild ass Equus hemionus hemionus EN
- Genus: Equus
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
- Family: Camelidae (camels, llamas)
- Genus: Camelus
- Bactrian camel Camelus bactrianus CR
- Genus: Camelus
- Family: Suidae
- Family: Moschidae
- Genus: Moschus
- Siberian musk deer Moschus moschiferus VU
- Genus: Moschus
- Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Subfamily: Odocoileinae
- Genus: Capreolus
- Siberian roe deer Capreolus pygargus LR/lc
- Genus: Capreolus
- Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Antilopinae
- Genus: Gazella
- Goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa VU
- Genus: Procapra
- Zeren Procapra gutturosa LC
- Genus: Saiga
- Saiga antelope Saiga tatarica CR
- Genus: Gazella
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Capra
- Siberian ibex Capra sibrica LR/lc
- Genus: Ovis
- Argali Ovis ammon VU
- Genus: Capra
- Subfamily: Antilopinae
Notes
- ↑ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
References
- "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Mongolia". IUCN. 2001. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
- "Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
- "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
See also
- List of chordate orders
- List of regional mammals lists
- List of prehistoric mammals
- Mammal classification
- New mammal species
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