List of places with columnar jointed volcanics
Basalt columns seen on Porto Santo Island.
Columnar jointed volcanic rocks exist in many places on Earth. Perhaps the most famous basalt lava flow in the world is the Giant's Causeway on the northern coast of Ireland, in which the vertical joints form polygonal columns and give the impression of having been artificially constructed.
A thirteenth-century religious complex called Nan Madol was built on the Pacific island of Pohnpei, using columnar basalt quarried from various locations on the island. The massive ruins remain to this day.
Notable columnar jointed volcanics
Africa
- Bugarama in Rusizi, Rwanda
- "Organ Pipes" near Twyfelfontein, Namibia[1]
- Numan, Nigeria[2]
- Seliana, Tunisia
Asia
Columnar jointed basalt in Hong Kong, near Basalt Island and High Island Reservoir areas
- China
- Heiyuhe Columnar Joints (黑鱼河柱状节理) [Xianrenqiao (仙人桥)], Longchuan River (龙川江) & Black Fish River, Tengchong, China
- Hong Kong
- Basalt Island area, Hong Kong; including High Island Reservoir area, Hong Kong; although the High Island Reservoir is not basalt but a type of acidic rhyolite ¾ dacite porphyroclastic lava. It is rich in potash feldspar and quartz phenocrysts.
- India
- St. Mary's Island, Malpe, India
- Gilbert Hill, Andheri, Mumbai, India
- Japan
- Tōjinbō, Mikuni-chō in Sakai, Fukui Prefecture, Japan
- Takachiho-kyo gorge, Takachiho, Miyazaki, Japan
- Taiwan
- Tongpan Basalt (桶盤玄武岩石柱), Tongpan Island and Hujing Island (Table island, 虎井嶼), Penghu Islands, Republic of China, Taiwan
- The Whale Cave, on the seashore, in Penghu County, Taiwan.
- Other
Columnar basalts at the Cape Stolbchatiy, Kuril islands, Russia
Basaltic columns at Milos island.
Basalt Columns formed along a river in a remote place in Tawau, Malaysia
- Along a river in Teck Guan Cocoa Village, Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia.
- Jusangjeolli, Seogwipo, Jeju Island, South Korea
- Mon Hin Kong (Thai: ม่อนหินกอง), in a mountainous area of the Phi Pan Nam Range near Na Phun, Wang Chin District, Phrae Province, Thailand[4]
- Ganh Da Dia — The Cliff of Stone Plates (Vietnamese: Ghềnh Đá Dĩa), one of the many beautiful spots in Phú Yên Province, Vietnam [5]
Europe
- Faroe Islands
- France
- Thueyts, Jaujac and Fabras, Ardèche
- Saint-Flour, Cantal, France
- Chilhac, France
- Saint-Arcons, France
- Prades, France
- Saint-Clément, France
- Moulin-Béraud, France
- La Tour d'Auvergne, France
- Bort-les-Orgues, France
- Scandola Nature Reserve, Corsica
- Germany
- Linz am Rhein, Mendig, Mayen, Rhineland-Palatinate/Germany
- Hoher Hagen (Dransfeld), Lower Saxony, Germany
- Rhön, North Bavaria, Germany
- Stolpen, Saxony, Germany
- Scharfenstein, Hesse, Germany
- Hungary
- Bér, Hungary
- Szanda, Hungary
- Szilváskő, Hungary
- Somoskő, Hungary-Slovakia border
- Hegyestű, Hungary
- Szent-György-hegy, Hungary
- Gulács, Hungary
- Haláp, Hungary
- Hajagos, Hungary
- Uzsa, Hungary
- Iceland
- Dverghamrar, Kirkjubæjarklaustur, Iceland
- Hljóðaklettar, Jökulsárgljúfur, Iceland
- Aldeyjarfoss, Þingeyjarsveit, Iceland
- Litlanesfoss, Fljótsdalshreppur, Iceland
- Kálfshamarsvík, Austur-Húnavatnssýsla, Iceland
- Reynisdrangar, Vík í Mýrdal, Iceland
- Svartifoss, Skaftafell, Iceland
- Gerðuberg, Iceland
- Kirkjugólfíð, Iceland
- Italy
- Alcantara River Gorges, Sicily, Italy
- Cyclopean Isles, Sicily, Italy
- Lake Bolsena, Lazio, Italy
- Spain
- Punta Baja- Parque Natural Cabo de Gata-Níjar, Anderlucia
- Castellfollit de la Roca, Girona
- Fruiz, Biscay[6][7]
- Pitón volcánico de Cancarix, Albacete[8]
- Los Órganos, La Gomera, Canary Islands, Spain[9]
- United Kingdom
- Giant's Causeway, Northern Ireland
- The islands of Canna, Eigg, and Muck, Scotland
- The northern part of the Isle of Skye, Scotland
- The Isle of Mull and the nearby beach of Morvern, Scotland
- Samson's ribs, Scotland
- Fingal's Cave and Staffa, Scotland
- Ulva, Scotland
- Other
- Near Saint Sarkis Cathedral, Yerevan, Armenia
- Garni Gorge, Armenia
- Rocha dos Bordões cliffs, Flores, Azores
- Panská Skála, Kamenický Šenov, Czech Republic[10]
- Zlatý vrch, Česká Kamenice, Czech Republic
- Milos, Greece
- Thunderstruck Rocks (Detunatele), Romania
- near Froðba and Trongisvágur on Suðuroy, Faroe Islands
- Bazaltove, Ukraine
North America
Columnar jointing in the basalt of the Pain de sucre (sugar bread) in les Saintes, French West Indies
Columnar basalt at Devil's Postpile in California
- Canada
- North Mountain, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Grand Manan Island (western shorelines), New Brunswick, Canada
- Brandywine Falls Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada
- Cardiff Mountain, Chilcotin Plateau, British Columbia, Canada
- Keremeos Columns, Keremeos, British Columbia, Canada
- Wells Grey Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada (Moul Falls, Dragon's Tongue, Helmcken Falls)
- Mount Edziza Volcanic Complex, British Columbia, Canada
- Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada (Mt. Boucherie, Spion Kopje)
- Devils Woodpile, British Columbia, Canada (Cathedral Provincial Park)
- Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec
- Rossport Islands, Rossport, Ontario
- Caribbean
- United States
- Block Mountain, Montana (along the lower Big Hole River)
- Cascade Range, Oregon, in Eugene and southeast of Molalla
- Columbia Plateau, Washington
- Columns of the Giants, Stanislaus National Forest, California
- Compton Peak in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia[11]
- Devil's Postpile, California
- Devils Tower National Monument, Wyoming
- Elk River Falls, Idaho
- Hughes Mountain, Missouri
- Hyalite Falls, Gallatin Mountain Range, Montana
- Latourell Falls, Oregon
- Mount Tom (Massachusetts)
- Palisades Sill, New Jersey and New York, along the Hudson River
- Sheepeater Cliff & multiple other areas in Yellowstone National Park
- Spokane, Washington (W Airport Dr. onramp)
- Stanford Rock, Lake Tahoe, California
- Sweetwater Canyon, Madison County, Montana
- Turtleback Mountain, Moultonborough, New Hampshire
- Whatcom County, Washington[12]
- Mexico
- Prismas Basálticos in Huasca de Ocampo, Hidalgo
- Salto Chico in Cuernavaca, Morelos
Oceania
- Australia
- Glass House Mountains, Queensland, Australia
- Fingal Head, NSW, Australia
- Mount Scoria Conservation Park, Thangool, Queensland, Australia[13]
- Narooma Basalt, Narooma, New South Wales, Australia
- Organ Pipes National Park, Victoria, Australia
- Black Point, D'Entrecasteaux National Park, Western Australia
- Sawn Rocks, Mount Kaputar National Park, New South Wales, Australia[14]
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Pwisehn Malek, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia[15]
- New Zealand
- Blackhead and nearby Second Beach, Dunedin, New Zealand[16]
- Chatham Islands, New Zealand
- The Organ Pipes, Mount Cargill, Dunedin, New Zealand[17]
- Mt Somers, New Zealand[18]
- Bridal Veil Falls (Waikato), Raglan, New Zealand
South America
- Ancud Volcanic Complex, Chile
- Mocho Volcano, Chile
- Pino Hachado Caldera, Neuquén Province, Argentina
Mars
Columnar jointed rocks in unnamed crater wall, Marte Vallis region, Mars. Image courtesy of the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment, Arizona State University.
Several exposures of columnar jointing have been discovered on the planet Mars by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera, which is carried by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO).
References
- ↑ Grunert, Nicole (2000). Namibia: Fascination of Geology – A Travel Handbook. Windhoek: Klaus Hess. pp. 73–74. ISBN 99916-747-8-0.
- ↑ Ntekim, E. E. and Adekeye, J. I. D. (2003). "Petrography and geochemistry of basaltic rocks from the northcentral part of Yola Basin, N.E. Nigeria" (PDF). Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied Science 18: 1430–1437.
- ↑ Cape Stolbchatiy
- ↑ ม่อนเสาหินพิศวง Wonderful Mountain Of Colunnar
- ↑ Two stone wonders by seaside
- ↑ Gobierno vasco. "Basaltos de Fruiz" (PDF). Inventario lugares de interés geológico en la comunidad autónoma del País Vasco (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 February 2016.
- ↑ Disyuncion columnar en basaltos, Cantera de Fruiz (Unai Mtz. de Lahidalga de Miguel, Panoramio)
- ↑ Pitón volcánico de Cancarix (Wikipedia in Spanish)
- ↑ La Gomera: basalt cliffs Los Organos (Wikimedia Commons)
- ↑ http://www.luzicke-hory.cz/mista/index.php?pg=zmpansc Website in Czech language with some nice pictures and excellent example of columnar basalt in Northern Bohemia near Kamenicky Senov
- ↑ Callan Bentley (14 November 2011). "Compton Peak: superb columnar jointing". Callan Bentley's blog Mountain Beltway on American Geophysical Union Blogosphere. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
- ↑ File:Columnar basalt.jpg (Wikimedia Commons)
- ↑ http://www.derm.qld.gov.au/parks/mount-scoria/culture.html
- ↑ "Sawn Rocks, Mount Kaputar National Park" (PDF). NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
- ↑ http://www.pohnpeiheaven.com/pwisehn_malek.htm Alex Zuccarelli, 2003, Pohnpei-Between Time & Tide . Pwisehn Malek
- ↑ http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/science-and-technical/casn95.pdf Department of Conservation, "Blackhead: Vegetation condition after quarrying"
- ↑ http://tramper.co.nz/?28 New Zealand Tramper, "Walking notes: Organ Pipes"
- ↑ http://www.flickr.com/photos/purecaffeine/8351312880/
- ↑ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=38904
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