Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal

Luís Filipe
Prince Royal of Portugal, Duke of Braganza (more...)
Born (1887-03-21)21 March 1887
Belém Palace, Lisbon, Portugal
Died 1 February 1908(1908-02-01) (aged 20)
Terreiro do Paço, Lisbon, Portugal
(assassinated)
House Braganza[1]
Father Carlos I of Portugal
Mother Amélie of Orléans
Religion Roman Catholic
Signature

D. Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal, Duke of Braganza, (Portuguese pronunciation: [luˈiʃ fɨˈlip(ɨ)]; 21 March 1887 – 1 February 1908) was the eldest son and heir-apparent of King Carlos I of Portugal. He was born in 1887 while his father was still Prince Royal of Portugal, and received the usual style of the heirs to the heir of the Portuguese crown: he was then at birth 4th Prince of Beira, with the subsidiary title of 14th Duke of Barcelos. After his grandfather king Dom Luís I of Portugal died, he became Prince Royal of Portugal, with the subsidiary titles of 21st Duke of Braganza, 20th Marquis of Vila Viçosa, 28th count of Barcelos, 25th count of Ourém, 23rd count of Arraiolos, 22nd count of Neiva; he was later created Knight Commander of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa, Knight of the Order of the Garter, and Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.

Early life

The Coat of arms of Luís Filipe as a Knight of the Garter

Luís Filipe Maria Carlos Amélio Francisco Víctor Manuel António Lourenço Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Xavier Francisco de Assis Bento was born in Lisbon, the elder son of Carlos, Prince Royal of Portugal, (later King Carlos I of Portugal) and the Princess Amélie d'Orléans. A member of the House of Braganza,[1] Dom Luís Filipe was granted when born the titles of Prince of Beira and Duke of Barcelos, traditionally held by the heir apparent of the Prince Royal of Portugal (Príncipe Real).

Two years later, Dom Luís Filipe inherited all his father's royal princely titles when Charles became king, being himself restyled Prince Royal, and inheriting at the same time the Dukedom of Braganza (21st Duke), the biggest private fortune in Portugal at that time, who was at the disposal of the heir to the Portuguese crown. In English, he is sometimes, but inaccurately, called Crown Prince of Portugal.

In 1907 the Prince Royal acted as regent of the Kingdom while his father was outside the country. The same year he made a very successful official visit to the Portuguese colonies in Africa, being the first royal ever to go there.

Dom Luís was the pupil of the African war hero Mouzinho de Albuquerque, and like all the Braganzas, showed many aptitudes in the arts, besides his military education. Negotiations were being held when he was assassinated for him to marry his cousin Princess Patricia of Connaught, granddaughter to Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the daughter of British Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn and Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia. Her sister was Princess Margaret of Connaught, first wife of Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden.

Lisbon Regicide

Main article: Lisbon Regicide

On 1 February 1908 Luís Filipe and his family were returning to Lisbon from Vila Viçosa Palace, in Alentejo, private head to the House of Braganza. Alfredo Costa and Manuel Buiça, two members of a revolutionary society called the Carbonária, shot at all the royal family, hitting Luís Filipe, his father King Carlos, and his younger brother Infante Manuel, Duke of Beja. Carlos I died immediately, while Luís Filipe lived for another twenty minutes. Manuel survived the attack, having only been shot in the arm, while the queen was unharmed. Had automatic ascention to the throne been the law, Luís Filipe would've been one of the shortest-reigning monarchs in history, with a reign of, as mentioned above, just twenty minutes.

Manuel would succeed to the throne as Manuel II. Luís Filipe is buried next to his father and forefathers in the Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza in Lisbon. His younger brother, King Manuel II of Portugal, and his mother, Queen Maria Amélia, are buried opposite.

On 5 October 1910, the monarchy under the reign of his surviving younger brother, Manuel II, was overthrown in a military coup and the Portuguese First Republic was established. That would have been very difficult to do at the time if Luís Filipe had not died, as he inherited his father's greater popularity among Portuguese Army officers, who despised the lack of military sensibility of his younger brother.

Royal styles of
The Prince Royal of Portugal
Reference style His Royal Highness
Spoken style Your Royal Highness
Alternative style Sire

Titles and styles

Arms

Prince Luis Felipe bore as heir to the throne the arms of his father; differenced by a Label of three points Or.

Ancestry

References

  1. 1 2 "While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 Almanach de Gotha, Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the 1838 Portuguese constitution declared, with respect to Ferdinand II of Portugal's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Luis Filipe of Portugal.
Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal
Born: 21 March 1887 Died: 1 February 1908
Portuguese royalty
Preceded by
Carlos I of Portugal		 Prince Royal of Portugal
1889–1908 		Succeeded by
Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto
Duke of Braganza
1889–1908 		Vacant
Title next held by
Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza
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