Manchester (UK Parliament constituency)
Manchester | |
---|---|
Former Borough constituency for the House of Commons | |
County |
Lancashire (now Greater Manchester) |
Major settlements | Manchester |
1832–1885 | |
Number of members |
1832–1868: Two 1868–1885: Three |
Replaced by |
Manchester East Manchester North Manchester North East Manchester North West Manchester South Manchester South West |
Created from | Lancashire |
1654–1660 | |
Type of constituency | Borough constituency |
Manchester was a Parliamentary borough constituency in the county of Lancashire which was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Its territory consisted of the city of Manchester.
History
Manchester had first been represented in Parliament in 1654, when it was granted one seat in the First Protectorate Parliament. However, as with other boroughs enfranchised during the Commonwealth, it was disenfranchised at the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.
The subsequent growth of Manchester into a major industrial city left its lack of representation a major anomaly, and demands for a seat in Parliament led to a mass public meeting in August 1819. This peaceful rally of 60,000 pro-democracy reformers, men, women and children, was attacked by armed cavalry resulting in 15 deaths and over 600 injuries,[1] and became known as the Peterloo Massacre.
Reform was attempted unsuccessfully by Lord John Russell, whose bills in 1828 and 1830 were rejected by the Commons. The city was finally enfranchised by the Reform Act of 1832, and at the 1832 general election, Manchester returned two Members of Parliament (MPs). The Reform Act 1867 increased this in 1868 to three Members of Parliament.
Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the constituency was abolished with effect from the 1885 general election, when the city was split into six new single-member divisions: East, North, North East, North West, South, and South West.
Members of Parliament
MPs 1654–1660
Election | 1st Member | |
---|---|---|
1654 | Charles Worsley | |
1656 | Richard Radcliffe |
MPs 1832–1885
Election | 1st Member[2] | 1st Party[3] | 2nd Member | 2nd Party | 3rd Member | 3rd Party | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1832 | Mark Philips | Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | Whig | 2 seats until 1868 3 seats from 1868 to 1885 | |||||
1839 by-election | Robert Hyde Greg | Whig | ||||||||
1841 | Thomas Milner Gibson | Whig | ||||||||
1847 | John Bright | Radical | ||||||||
1857 | John Potter | Whig | James Aspinall Turner | Whig | ||||||
1858 by-election | Thomas Bazley | Whig / Liberal | ||||||||
1865 | Edward James | Liberal | ||||||||
1867 by-election | Jacob Bright | Liberal | ||||||||
1868 | Hugh Birley | Conservative | ||||||||
1874 | William Romaine Callender | Conservative | ||||||||
1876 by-election | Jacob Bright | Liberal | ||||||||
1880 | John Slagg | Liberal | ||||||||
1883 by-election | William Henry Houldsworth | Conservative | ||||||||
1885 | Constituency abolished (1885) |
Elections
Elections in the 1880s
Manchester by-election, 1883 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Conservative | William Henry Houldsworth | 18,188 | |||
Liberal | Richard Pankhurst | 6,216 | |||
Majority | 11,972 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
General Election 1880: Manchester (3 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | John Slagg | 24,959 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 24,789 | |||
Conservative | Hugh Birley | 20,594 | |||
Conservative | William Henry Houldsworth | 20,268 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1870s
Manchester by-election, 1875 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 22,535 | |||
Conservative | S Powell | 20,974 | |||
Majority | 1,561 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | ||||
General Election 1874: Manchester (3 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Conservative | Hugh Birley | 19,984 | |||
Conservative | William Romaine Callender | 19,649 | |||
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 19,325 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 18,727 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1860s
General Election 1868: Manchester (3 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Conservative | Hugh Birley | 15,486 | |||
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 14,192 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 13,154 | |||
Conservative | Joseph Hoare | 12,684 | |||
Liberal | Ernest Jones | 10,662 | |||
Liberal | Henry Mitchell | 5,256 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Manchester by-election, 1867 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 8,160 | |||
Conservative | J M Bennett | 6,420 | |||
Liberal | Henry Mitchell | 643 | |||
Majority | 1,740 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
General Election 1865: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 7,909 | |||
Liberal | Edward James | 6,698 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 5,562 | |||
Liberal | Abel Heywood | 4,242 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1850s
General Election 1859: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 7,545 | |||
Liberal | James Aspinall Turner | 7,300 | |||
Liberal | Abel Heywood | 5,448 | |||
Conservative | Capt. Denman | 5,201 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
- Manchester By-Election 17th November 1858
In the 1858 Manchester by-election, Thomas Bazley, Whig was elected unopposed.
General Election 1857: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | John Potter | 8,368 | |||
Whig | James Aspinall Turner | 7,884 | |||
Whig | Thomas Milner Gibson | 5,588 | |||
Whig | John Bright | 5,458 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
General Election 1852: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Rt Hon. Thomas Milner Gibson | 5,762 | |||
Whig | John Bright | 5,475 | |||
Conservative | George Loch | 4,364 | |||
Conservative | Capt. Hon. Joseph Denman | 3,969 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1840s
- General election of 1847
In the 1847 general election, both candidates were elected unopposed:
General Election 1841: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Mark Philips | 3,695 | |||
Whig | Thomas Milner Gibson | 3,615 | |||
Conservative | George Murray | 3,115 | |||
Conservative | Willam Entwistle | 2,692 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1830s
Manchester by-election, 1839 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Robert Hyde Greg | 3,096 | |||
Conservative | George Murray | 2,959 | |||
Whig | Colonel Thomson | 93 | |||
Majority | 137 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
General Election 1837: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 4,158 | |||
Whig | Mark Philips | 3,750 | |||
Conservative | William Ewart Gladstone | 2,281 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Manchester by-election, 1835 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 3,205 | |||
Conservative | B Braidley | 1,839 | |||
Majority | 1,366 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
General Election 1835: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 3,355 | |||
Whig | Mark Philips | 3,163 | |||
Conservative | B Braidley | 2,535 | |||
Whig | Charles Wolseley | 583 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
General Election 1832: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Mark Philips | 2,923 | |||
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 2,068 | |||
Whig | Samuel Jones Loyd | 1,832 | |||
Tory | John Thomas Hope | 1,560 | |||
Whig | William Cobbett | 1,305 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Sources
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References
- ↑ Ward, David (27 December 2007). "New plaque tells truth of Peterloo killings 188 years on". The Guardian. London: Guardian News and Media Ltd. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
- ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "L" (part 1)
- ↑ Craig, F. W. S. (1989) [1977]. British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 206. ISBN 0-900178-26-4.