Minusinsk

Minusinsk (English)
Минусинск (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

Museum of Local Lore in Minusinsk

Location of Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia
Minusinsk
Location of Minusinsk in Krasnoyarsk Krai
Coordinates: 53°42′N 91°41′E / 53.700°N 91.683°E / 53.700; 91.683Coordinates: 53°42′N 91°41′E / 53.700°N 91.683°E / 53.700; 91.683
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of January 2014)
Country Russia
Federal subject Krasnoyarsk Krai[1]
Administratively subordinated to krai town of Minusinsk[1]
Administrative center of krai town of Minusinsk,[1] Minusinsky District[1]
Municipal status (as of February 2009)
Urban okrug Minusinsk Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of Minusinsk Urban Okrug,[2] Minusinsky Municipal District[3]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 71,170 inhabitants[4]
- Rank in 2010 220th
Time zone KRAT (UTC+07:00)[5]
Founded 1739
Town status since 1822
Dialing code(s) +7 39132
Official website
Minusinsk on Wikimedia Commons
Minusinsk Steppe, by Vasily Surikov

Minusinsk (Russian: Минуси́нск) is a historical town in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. Population: 71,170 (2010 Census);[4] 72,561 (2002 Census);[6] 72,942 (1989 Census);[7] 44,500 (1973).

Geography

Minusinsk marks the center of the Minusinsk Hollow, one of the most important archaeological areas north of Pazyryk. It is associated with the Afanasevo, Tashtyk, and Tagar cultures—all of them named after settlements in the vicinity of Minusinsk.

History

"About 330-200 B.C. the iron age triumphed at Minusinsk, producing spiked axes, partly bronze and partly iron, and a group of large collective burial places." Greco-Roman funerary masks, like those found at Pazyryk, make up the "Minusinsk group: at Trifonova, Bateni, Beya, Kali, Znamenka, etc." "The Indo-European aristocracy with its Sarmatian connections was succeeded at Minusinsk by the Kirghiz after the third century A.D."[8]

The Russian settlement of Minyusinskoye (Минюсинское) was founded in 1739-1740[9] at the confluence of the Minusa River with the Yenisei. The Turkic Min Usa means "my brook",[10] or "thousand rivers".[11] The name transformed to Minusinskoye (Минусинское) in 1810.

By 1822, Minusinsk had emerged as a regional center of farming and transit trade and was granted town status.[9] During the 19th century, it was a node of cultural activities for a very large area. The Martyanov Natural History Museum was opened there in 1877.[9] It is still very active and publishes a quite useful annual report of its scientific findings, meetings, etc.

The town was also a place of political exile. George Kennan wrote in his very influential book Siberia and the Exile System (NY 1891) of the town and the museum being an intellectual haven for those tsarist political activists and revolutionaries who had been exiled from European Russia in the 1880s. Vladimir Lenin used to visit Minusinsk on numerous occasions when he was in exile in the nearby village of Shushenskoye between 1897 and 1900. In November 1918, during the Russian Civil War, Minusinsk peasants started a short-lived rebellion against the White Army because of extortion and high taxes. However, poor equipment and supplies led to eventual defeat in the December, and the rebels were subjected to execution, exile, prison or fines.[12]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Minusinsk serves as the administrative center of Minusinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with the urban-type settlement of Zelyony Bor, incorporated separately as the krai town of Minusinsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the krai town of Minusinsk is incorporated as Minusinsk Urban Okrug.[2]

Climate

Minusinsk has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb/Dwb), with very cold winters and warm summers. Precipitation is quite low, but is much higher from June to September than at other times of the year.

Climate data for Minusinsk
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 6.7
(44.1)		 9.6
(49.3)		 24.2
(75.6)		 33.0
(91.4)		 37.7
(99.9)		 38.2
(100.8)		 39.3
(102.7)		 37.7
(99.9)		 32.6
(90.7)		 25.8
(78.4)		 16.1
(61)		 6.7
(44.1)		 39.3
(102.7)
Average high °C (°F) −12.9
(8.8)		 −9.4
(15.1)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 10.5
(50.9)		 18.8
(65.8)		 24.7
(76.5)		 26.8
(80.2)		 24.0
(75.2)		 17.2
(63)		 8.4
(47.1)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 −10.8
(12.6)		 7.82
(46.08)
Daily mean °C (°F) −19.5
(−3.1)		 −17.7
(0.1)		 −8.0
(17.6)		 3.3
(37.9)		 11.1
(52)		 17.5
(63.5)		 20.1
(68.2)		 17.0
(62.6)		 10.0
(50)		 2.0
(35.6)		 −8.4
(16.9)		 −16.7
(1.9)		 0.89
(33.6)
Average low °C (°F) −25.3
(−13.5)		 −24.4
(−11.9)		 −14.6
(5.7)		 −3.2
(26.2)		 3.5
(38.3)		 10.1
(50.2)		 13.2
(55.8)		 10.3
(50.5)		 3.8
(38.8)		 −3.1
(26.4)		 −13.3
(8.1)		 −22.2
(−8)		 −5.43
(22.22)
Record low °C (°F) −52.2
(−62)		 −50.3
(−58.5)		 −46.7
(−52.1)		 −32.3
(−26.1)		 −10.9
(12.4)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 2.7
(36.9)		 −2.8
(27)		 −11.5
(11.3)		 −24.0
(−11.2)		 −42.9
(−45.2)		 −49.4
(−56.9)		 −52.2
(−62)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 8.6
(0.339)		 6.9
(0.272)		 7.1
(0.28)		 15.3
(0.602)		 33.7
(1.327)		 56.4
(2.22)		 66.0
(2.598)		 62.5
(2.461)		 43.8
(1.724)		 23.4
(0.921)		 14.2
(0.559)		 11.5
(0.453)		 349.4
(13.756)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 11.7 7.6 7.4 11.0 10.0 10.7 12.7 12.1 10.0 12.7 11.3 14.8 132
Average relative humidity (%) 79.5 74.9 70.5 60.6 56.5 64.4 71.2 71.9 69.1 75.6 73.4 76.9 70.38
Mean monthly sunshine hours 74.4 96.7 189.1 216.0 254.2 276.0 272.8 232.5 165.0 105.4 84.0 49.6 2,015.7
Source: climatebase.ru (1927-2008)[13]

Twin towns and sister cities

Minusinsk is twinned with:

Culture

It was established in 1882 as amateur theatrical society - now Minusinsk Drama Theater (in 1920 – 1930 was called as "Sovtheater") The theater was built by the initiative of the exiled Kon F.Y. and funded mainly by fire society. In the beginning the theater was on the second floor and fire department took the first floor. Modern Minusinsk Drama Theater (in 1920 - 1930 as "Sovteatr") performs in this building until today. Milestones in the theater performances were Vasilisa Melentyeva by Alexander Ostrovsky, Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich by Alexey Tolstoy, Death Squadron by A. Korneichuk, Destiny by Petr Proskurin, Is Not Listed by Boris Vasiliev. Performance of Alexei Cherkasov's drama “Hop” took Stanislavsky State Prize.

The main attraction of the town is The Martyanov Natural History Museum. Based in 1877, it is one of the oldest in Siberia and first museum in the Yenisei's guberniya (provinvce).

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #10-4765
  2. 1 2 3 Law #13-3049
  3. ↑ Law #13-3022
  4. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  6. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  7. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  8. ↑ Grousset, Rene (1970). The Empire of the Steppes. Rutgers University Press. pp. 17–19,66–67. ISBN 0-8135-1304-9.
  9. 1 2 3 Н. И. Дроздов, В. С. Боровец "Енисейский энциклопедический словарь". Krasnoyarsk, 1998 (ISBN 5883290051), pp. 391.
  10. ↑ Мой Красноярск [My Krasnoyarsk] (in Russian). Krasnoyarsk Administration/Siberian Federal University Internet Center. Retrieved 2009-08-24.
  11. ↑ Минусинск [Minusinsk] (in Russian). Народная энциклопедия городов и регионов России (The People's Encyclopedia of cities and regions of Russia). Retrieved 2009-08-24.
  12. ↑ Минусинское восстание [Minusinsk Rebellion] (in Russian). ХРОНОС. Retrieved 2014-04-12.
  13. ↑ "Minusinsk, Russia". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved 23 January 2013.

Sources

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Sunday, March 27, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.