Modern equipment of the Turkish Land Forces

Modern equipment of the Turkish Land Forces

Infantry weapons

Handguns

• Kılınç 2000^[1]
• P226^[2]
• Yavuz 16^[1]

Shotguns

• M204^[3]
• M212^[3]
• MKA 1919^[4]

Submachine Guns

• MP5^[1]
• P90^[5]

Assault and Battle Rifles

• AKM^[6]
• G3A7^[1]
• HK33E^[1]
• HK416^[1]
• M4A1^[1]
• MPT-76^[7]
• SCAR^[8]
• TAR-21^[9][10]
• M1 Garand : Used as ceremonial rifle.^[11]

Sniper Rifles

• Arctic Warfare^[1]
• JNG-90^[1]
• KNT-308^[1]
• MSG-90^[1]
• SR-25^[12]
• SVD^[1]
• TRG^[1]

Anti-Material Rifles

• Intervention^[13]
• İstiklal^[14]
• M82 ^[15]

Machine Guns

• M2^[1]
• M60^[1]
• MAG^[16]
• MG3^[1]
• MINIMI^[1]
• PKM^[1]

Rocket & Grenade Launchers

• 9M133 Kornet^[17][18]
• AG36^[3]
• BGM-71 TOW^[1]
• ERYX^[1]
• FIM-92 Stinger^[17]
• M72 LAW^[1]
• M79^[6]
• M203^[1]
• MGL^[1]
• MILAN^[1]
• Mk 19^[19]
• T-40^[1]
• RPG-7^[20]

Grenades & Mines

• AN/M14^[21]
• Claymore^[21]
• M14^[22]
• M15^[23]
• M19^[24]
• M21^[23]
• M67^[21]
• Mk 2^[25]

Mortars

• HY-12^[1]
• K6^[1]
• M19^[1]
• M29^[1]
• M30^[1]
• M65^[1]

Recoilless Guns

• Carl Gustav^[1]
• M18^[1]
• M20^[1]
• M40^[1]

AT Rockets

• Mızrak-U^[26]
• Mızrak-O^[26]
• Cirit^[27]

Protective gear

• Army-made MICH helmets.^[28]
• Army-made PASGT helmets.^[29][30]
• M1 helmet^[31]
• Stahlhelm (for ceremonial and training purposes)^[32]
• Army-made Type III and Type IIIA ballistic vests^[33][34]

Vehicles

Tanks

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Variant	Number	Details
Altay		Turkey	Main Battle Tank		4 (prototypes)[35]	Serial production to start in 2017 with the first batch consisting of 250 units and estimated to cost $2B. Three more similar batches are expected to be ordered.[36]
Leopard 2		Germany  Turkey	Main Battle Tank	NG A4 Total	1 353 354[1][17]	Bought from the German Bundeswehr in 2005.[37] (http://defence-blog.com/army/photo-of-upgrade-leopard-2ng-by-by-aselsan-of-turkey.html)
M60 Patton		United States  Israel	Main Battle Tank	M60T 'Sabra' A3 TTS A1 Total	170 658[38] 104 932[17]	Obtained through conventional forces in Europe treaty 1991.
Leopard 1		West Germany  Turkey	Main Battle Tank	1T 'Volkan' A3 Total	170[39] 227 397[40]	In the late 1970s, after the review of the next generation Soviet T-72 and T-80 tank capabilities, Turkey was alarmed to learn that their M48 Patton's would no longer be able to destroy these new tanks in the numbers required to prevent a Soviet occupation of the country if the Cold War were ever to go hot. So Turkey began to search for a tank that could deliver greater lethality eventually settling on the German Leopard 1. Under an agreement signed in Bonn in November 1980, Turkey would obtain a first batch of 77 tanks by 1983. A further 150 were delivered by the end of 1991, and the last units were received by the end of 1994.[41] In 2002 Turkey reached an agreement with ASELSAN Corporation to upgrade the Leopard 1 tanks, prolonging their service life by another 20 years.[42] This modernization ended suddenly in 2009 as a result of the Financial crisis of 2008 and the subsequent shortage of money in the Turkish coffers. Only 170 units were modernized.[39]
M48 Patton		United States  Turkey	Main Battle Tank	A5T2	758[38]	The M48 was by far the most fielded tank of the Turkish Armed Forces with 3,008 units active during the Cold War, with the runner-up being the M47 Patton of which Turkey fielded 1,347.[43] Today all units are in reserve and will be replaced by the Altay Tank.

Armored Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Variant	Number	Details
FNSS ACV-15		United States  Belgium  Turkey	IFV APC TD	ACV-AIFV ACV-AAPC ACV-ATV Total	650 1,380 48 2,078	ACV-15 is license built copy of the American AIFV which was presented to the U.S. Army in a 1967 competition but lost out to the M2 Bradley. Turkey decided to acquire this vehicle for its own armed forces in 1989 with the first 285 units built in Belgium; while rest of the vehicles were produced in Turkey between 1992 and 1997 and again between 2001 and 2004. In total 2,945 units were built of which 2,438 would serve in the Turkish Army.[44] The ACV-15 came in 12 different variants: armored infantry use the IFV, AAPC, AFOV, MES-V, CP, MEV, ATV vehicles; artillery uses AMV-81 and AMV-120; the engineers use ARV and the AESV; and the final variant is used by air defense - the Atılgan.[45] The FNSS Corporation continued further development of their ACV frame resulting in the FNSS ACV-19 - a bigger and more capable version of the ACV-15. Two units were produced in 2000 for evaluation, but Turkey chose not to follow on with an order and none are operational with the army today.
M113		United States  Turkey	Armored Personnel Carrier	M113A3 M125 Total	3,000 162 3,162[17]	187 units bought from Germany's stock in 1993.[46] All modernized.
Ejder		Turkey	MRAP	Yalçın 4x4	50[47]
BTR-80		Russia	Armored Personnel Carrier		535[17]	Bought from Russian stockpile between 1993 and 1999.[48] All modernized.
Kirpi		Turkey	MRAP		420 (+48)[49]	Impressed by the survivability of the American Cougar and MaxxPro MRAPs during the Iraq war, Turkey decided to create its own MRAP bus. Serial production began in 2010 by the BMC with all of the 468 vehicles supposed to be delivered by 2013, but the BMC failed badly delivering only 200 units by the deadline.[50] The following year it declared bankruptcy putting the Kirpi production into serious jeopardy and forcing the government seize the company to protect production while the company restructured.[51] As of May 2015 BMC exited bankruptcy and the production rate begun to increase. Today 620[52] units have been produced, 200 of which are in service with the Turkish Gendarmerie. Kirpi is Turkish for hedgehog.
Cobra		Turkey	MRAP	Cobra I Cobra II	1,200[1]	Turkey's first MRAP entered production in 1997, design to rectify its predecessors weakness - its mine resistance. Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American HMMWV which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.[53]
Akrep		Turkey	Armored Car		370[1]	In 1994 Turkey's first indigenous armored car entered production;[54] it was light and nimble, capable of operating in the country as well as in the city, and had enough armor to protect against small arms. But it had one major weakness - landmine survivability - as was demonstrated during a war against the PKK. So the army suspended its procurement of Akreps in favor of Otokar Cobra, with all the follow on units produced going for export only. Since the mid 2000s Turkey has been selling off its Akreps as the stock of Cobras built.
LAV-150		United States	Armored Scout Car		124 [1]	Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance batallion's Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation.[55]

Rockets & Artillery

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Variant	Number	Details
J-600T Yıldırım		Turkey  Germany	TBM		20	with 100 missiles in stock.[1] They are launched from the German MAN 26.372[1] trucks.
MGM-140 ATACMS		United States	SRBM		72	with 120 missiles in stock.[56][57]
T-300 Kasırga		China  Turkey  Germany	Multiple Rocket Launcher		80[1]	Is the WS-1 variant of the Chinese Weishi Rockets family that Turkey purchased the license to produce in the 1997 after America refused to sell the license to produce the M270,[58] installing them on the German MAN 26.372[1] trucks. It has a maximum range of 100km.
TOROS		Turkey  FR Yugoslavia	Multiple Rocket Launcher		1	TOROS is a reverse engineered Yugoslavian M-87 Orkan with Turkish designed missiles which have a maximum range of 110km. A single unit was produced in 1997 and underwent evaluation, however no contract followed since then.[58]
M270		United States	Multiple Rocket Launcher		12[1]	In 1992 Turkey purchased 12 units from US. Later during the mid 90s further 24 units were requested but under the condition that they and the rockets were to be produced in Turkey. US refused and no further acquisition followed.[58]
T-122 Sakarya		Turkey  Germany	Multiple Rocket Launcher		130+[1]	Development for the T-122 Sakarya began in 1995 with mass production commencing in 1997. It's a Turkish version of the Soviet BM-21 MRL with modern fire control and range that Turks doubled to 40km.[59] The German contribution was the MAN 26.372[1] truck on which the system rests.
RA-7040		Turkey	Multiple Rocket Launcher		24[1]	The RA-7040 was the first indigenously design MLR system development for which started in 1980. It can fire up to 40 70mm rockets which come in 4 different types: anti-personnel HE, anti-personnel flechette, ant-armor, and smoke. By 1983 24 units were delivered and field tests commenced, however, the results proved disappointing with the weapon system struggling to destroy anything beyond 7km - about the range of a heavy 120mm mortar.[60]Further acquisition was cancelled that same year, but the weapon saw service nevertheless in the 1990s during a war against the PKK. All units are in storage since 2005 after being replaced by T-122 Sakarya.
T-107		China  Turkey	Multiple Rocket Launcher		100+[1]	Is a license built copy of the Chinese Type 63 MRL.
M110		United States	203mm SP gun	M110A2	219[17]
M107		United States	175mm SP gun		36[1]
T-155 Fırtına		Turkey  South Korea	155mm SP howitzer		280[1] (+70)	Turkey in partnership with South Korea was able to create an indigenous self-propelled howitzer, with production starting in 2001 and an order for 350 units.[61] They will eventually replace all M44T, M107, M108, M109.
M109		United States	155mm SP howitzer		1	Bought for evaluation.
M52		United States  Turkey  Germany	155mm SP howitzer	M52T	362[1]	Originally obtained from the US during the 1950s, by the 1990s the system became woefully obsolete so in 1995 Turkey began a modernization program which saw the SPG get a new turret, digital command and fire control, German 155-mm / L39 gun which replaced the original 105-mm gun, and a new more powerful German diesel engine replacing the original fuel guzzling petrol engine.[62]
M44		United States  Turkey  West Germany	155mm SP howitzer	M44T	164[1]	The first artillery system to be modernized by Turkey, with the help of West Germany, starting in 1987 and ending in 1992. In total 222 units were modernized but by the mid 2000s Turkey placed these systems into reserve. As the numbers of the new T-155 Fırtına continued to grow the M44T were slowly removed from storage and scrapped.[63]
M108		United States  Turkey	105mm SP howitzer	M108T	26[17]	Though modernized in the 80s, in 2014 all units were withdrawn from service into storage and will likely be scrapped as soon as the new batch of T-155 Fırtına is produced.[21]
FNSS ACV-15		Turkey	81mm SP mortar	AMV-81	170[64]
M115		United States	203mm howitzer		162[1]
Panter		Turkey  Singapore	155mm howitzer		225[1](+175)	Turkey has spent an extensive amount of money modernizing the American artillery pieces but by the late 1980s an assessment on modern warfare requirements concluded that Turkey no longer could compete with artillery of other countries on an equal footing. So in the mid 1990s, and with the help of Singapore Technologies Kinetics, Turkey developed a new 155mm howitzer - The Panther - which entered serial production in 2002.
M114		United States	155mm howitzer	M114A2	535[1]
M101		United States	105mm howitzer	M101A1	75[17]
M116		United States	75mm howitzer		?[1]

Anti-Aircraft

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
Atılgan PMADS		Turkey  United States	Short Range Air Defense	150[1]
Zıpkın PMADS		Turkey  United States  United Kingdom	Short Range Air Defense	80[1]
FNSS ACV-30		Turkey	SPAAG	1
M42A1 Duster		United States	SPAAG	262[1][17]
Oerlikon 35 mm		Switzerland	Towed AA	120[1][17]
Bofors 40 mm		Sweden	Towed AA	803[1][17]
Rheinmetall 20 mm		Germany	AA Gun	432[1][17]
Oerlikon 20 mm		Switzerland	AA Gun	439[17]
M45 Quadmount		United States	AA Gun	160[1]

Engineering Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
M88A1		United States	Armored recovery vehicle	33[1][17]
M48A5T5 Tamay		United States  Turkey	Armored recovery vehicle	105[1][17]
AZMİM		Turkey /  United States	Armored bulldozer		A Turkish license built copy of the American M9 ACE.[65]
Leguan		Germany	Armoured vehicle-launched bridge	36[1][17]	Bought from the German Bundeswehr in 2008.[66]
SYHK		Turkey  Germany	Amphibious bridging vehicle	x[67]
Bozena 5		Slovenia	Demining vehicle	x[68]

Utility Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
Engerek		Turkey		550 [1]
Wrangler		United States  Turkey		5,700[1]	Produced under license.
Defender		United Kingdom  Turkey		9,800[1]	Produced under license.
M151		United States  Turkey		x[69]	All modernized.
Willys MB		United States  Turkey		x[70][71]	All modernized.

Cargo Vehicles

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
Mercedes Actros		Germany  Turkey	Truck Tractor	x[1]	Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
Mercedes NG		West Germany  Turkey	Truck Tractor		Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
PLS		United States	Very Heavy Truck (16,500 kg)	x[72]
HEMTT		United States	Very Heavy Truck (12,000 kg)	x[73]
BMC 380-26		Turkey	Heavy Truck (10,000 kg)	403[1]
BMC 235-16		Turkey	Heavy Truck (5,000 kg)	282[1]
M939		United States	Heavy Truck (5,000 kg)	x[74]
BMC 185-09		Turkey	Medium Truck (2,500 kg)	706[1]
Unimog		Germany  Turkey	Medium Truck (2,500 kg)	5,500[21][75]	Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.

Radar Systems

Model	Image	Origin	Type	Number	Details
AN/TPQ-36		United States  Turkey	Mobile Radar		Produced under license by Aselsan[76]
AN/TPQ-37		United States  Turkey	Mobile Radar		Produced under license by Aselsan[77]
KALKAN		Turkey	Mobile Radar		Produced by Aselsan[78]
ACAR		Turkey	Ground Surveillance Radar		Produced by Aselsan[79]
SERHAT		Turkey	Counter-Mortar Radar		Produced by Aselsan[80]

Aircraft

Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles

• Anka : 5^[17]
• Bayraktar Mini : 148^[1]
• Bayraktar Tactical : 12^[81]
• CL-89^[17]
• Firebee^[17]
• GNAT : 22^[17]
• Harpy^[17]
• Heron : 10^[82]
• Malazgirt : 4^[1]

Helicopters

• 206 JetRanger : 28^[17][83]
• AH-1 Cobra : 55^[1][83]
• AH-1 SuperCobra : 7^[1][17]
• AS532 Cougar : 40^[1]
• CH-47F Chinook : 11^[84]
• Mi-17 : 19^[17]
• OH-58 Kiowa : 3^[17]
• T-70 Black Hawk : 58^[83]
• T-129 : 9 (60 planned)^[85][86][83]
• TH-55 Osage : 28^[17]
• UH-1 Iroquois: 177^[1][87]
• UH-1N Twin Huey : 18^[17]
• UH-60 Black Hawk : 86 ^[1]

Fixed Wing Aircraft

• Baron : 4^[17]
• Cessna 185 : 98^[1]
• Cessna 421 : 3^[17]
• Citabria : 34^[17]
• CN-235^[88]
• Do 28 : 2^[17]
• Super King Air 200 : 6^[87]
• T-41 Mescalero : 25^[17]

Future procurements

Name	Type	Quantity	Notes
National Infantry Rifle Project	Battle and assault rifle	600,000[89]	MKEK and Kalekalıp won the project, first 200 batch delivered to the Land Forces. All G3 and HK33 rifles will be replaced with MPT in next 10 years.[90] Rifle will have 7.62mm[91] and 5.56 NATO variants.[92] MKEK MPT-76 National Rifle delivered to Turkish Land Forces in May 2014.[7][93]
Modern National Machine Gun Project	General-purpose machine gun	TBD	MKEK and Kalekalıp won the project.[94] First batch will be delivered in 2015.[95] Machine gun will use 7.62mm.[96]
Utility Helicopter Programme	Utility helicopter	109~300[97]	A version of AgustaWestland AW149 named TUHP149, and the Turkish T-70 version of the S-70i Black Hawk, were candidates for the programme which worth $4 billion.[97] On 21 April 2011 the Turkish defence minister announced that the Sikorsky T-70 Black Hawk had been declared the winner.[98]
Indigenous Helicopter Project	Utility helicopter	TBD	Under Development by TAI.[99][100]
Heavy Lift Helicopter Programme	Transport helicopter	11[101]	CH-47F's ordered. 5 to Land Forces Command, 1 to Special Forces Command,[101] expected to be produced by 2016.[102]
T-LORAMIDS	Missile defence/air defence system	12[103]	FD-2000 Selected over competing U.S., Russian, and European systems.[104][105] Cancelled in favor of a domestically produced initiative.[106]
Next Gen APC	Armored Personnel Carrier	TBD	A competition exists between Turkeys two largest arms producers in winning the contract to supply Turkey's next generation APC which is intended to replace all of the BTR-80 and M113s. The FNSS Defence Systems is offering the Pars[17] while the Otokar Corporation is offering the Arma.[17] The results of the competitions will be announced in 2016, however, Azerbaijan has already demonstrated interest in the Arma which may sway the final ruling in Otokar's favor.
Special Purpose Tactical Wheeled Armored Vehicles Procurement Project	CBRN armored vehicle	428	Procurement of Special Purpose Tactical Wheeled Armored Vehicles and related mission equipment for tactical reconnaissance, surveillance and CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear) reconnaissance missions of Turkish Land Forces.[107]
Armoured Amphibious Assault Vehicle Project	Amphibious Assault Vehicle	27	Main function is Amphibious Operation. To transport troops from ship to shore through rough water and the surf zone and onto land where it can continue on to inland objectives.[108]
Anti-Tank Vehicle Project	Tank destroyer	260	Anti-Tank Vehicles will be indigenously developed in order to carry the new generation antitank missile systems currently in service of TLFC and also for those to be acquired by the SSM Project of OMTAS.[109]
105 mm Air Transportable Light Towed Howitzer (BORAN) Project	Howitzer	x	To meet the “105 mm air transportable light towed howitzer” requirement of Turkish Land Forces Command.[110]
Man Portable Fire and Forget Short Range Anti-Tank Weapon Project	Anti-tank missile	x	Delivery of man portable fire and forget short range anti-tank weapon.[111]
Mine Cleaning System Project	Demining equipment	50	Fast breaching of the minefield in the combat field to create a safe path for troops.[112]
Multispectral Camouflage System Project	Multi-spectral camouflage	x	Multispectral camouflage net and mobile multispectral camouflage systems will be indigenously developed in order to increase the hiding capabilities of troops in the field and weapons/systems/tactical vehicles.[113]
Flexible Layer Cage Armour System Project	Cage armor	x	Flexible layer cage armour system will be indigenously developed in order to increase the survivability capability of tanks and armoured vehicles against anti-tank rockets.[114]

See also

• Military equipment of Turkey
• List of modern weapons of the Turkish Air Force
• Equipment of the Turkish Naval Forces
• Equipment of the Turkish Gendarmerie
• Equipment of the Turkish Coast Guard

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External links

• See the Turkish Government, Undersecretariat for Defense Industries website for an official list of Turkish military procurement projects.