OP Eiga
Industry | Pornography |
---|---|
Founder | Mitsuru ÅŒkura |
Headquarters | Tokyo, Japan |
Products | Pink films |
Website | http://www.okura-movie.co.jp/op/ |
OP Eiga (ã‚ªãƒ¼ãƒ”ãƒ¼æ˜ ç”»), also known as ÅŒkura Eiga (å¤§è”µæ˜ ç”») is the largest and one of the oldest independent Japanese studios which produce and distribute pink films.[1] Along with ShintÅhÅ Eiga, KantÅ, Million Film, and KÅji Wakamatsu's production studio, ÅŒkura was one of the most influential studios on the pink film genre.[2] Among the many notable pink films released by the studio are Satoru Kobayashi's Flesh Market (1962), the first film in the pink film genre.[3]
ÅŒkura Eiga in the 1960s
Mitsuru ÅŒkura was the president of the major film studio, ShintÅhÅ, from 1955 until the studio's bankruptcy in May 1961.[4][5] In keeping with his carnival barker roots, ÅŒkura had moved ShintÅhÅ into exploitation film genres during his time at the studio.[6] Among the genres in which the studio specialized under ÅŒkura were horror, science-fiction, war, crime and sex films.[4][7] The same year of ShintÅhÅ's demise, ÅŒkura founded the ÅŒkura Eiga studio.[5] ÅŒkura established his new studio by setting up production in ShintÅhÅ's facilities in Setagaya, Tokyo which he had purchased with his own company.[7] ShintÅhÅ employee Kouichi GotÅ bought the studio's Kansai studio as well as the use of the studio name to start up a new enterprise, ShintÅhÅ Eiga. After ÅŒkura, ShintÅhÅ Eiga is currently the second largest pink film studio.[1]
The early titles produced at ÅŒkura Eiga indicate that the films from ÅŒkura's new studio continued the themes pioneered at ShintÅhÅ.[7] Director Satoru Kobayashi's all-color 1963 film, The Mysterious Pearl of the Ama, for example, looks back to ShintÅhÅ's boundary-pushing female pearl-diver films of the mid-1950s, starring Michiko Maeda and YÅko Mihara.[8] Kobayashi also directed ghost stories in the style of the films of ShintÅhÅ's Nobuo Nakagawa, with titles like Okinawa Hanging Phanton Ghost Story (沖縄怪談逆åŠã‚Šå¹½éœŠ Okinawa Kaidan Sakasazuri YÅ«rei) (1962), Ghost from the Continent or Ghost Story: Phantom Foreigner (怪談異人幽霊) (1963), and Ghost Story: Cruel Phantom (怪談残酷幽霊 Kaidan Zankoku YÅ«rei) (1964).[9] Kobayashi continued to occasionally make films in this style for ÅŒkura as late as 1995 with Erotic Ghost Story: Female Ghost in Heat or Lusty Ghost Story: Rutting Woman Phantom (色欲怪談 発情女ゆã†ã‚Œã„ Shikiyoku Kaidan: HatsujÅ Onna YÅ«rei) starring actresses Nao Saejima and Yumi Yoshiyuki, who would become a prominent pink film director herself, releasing mainly through ÅŒkura.[10][11][12]
Kobayashi had worked with ÅŒkura at ShintÅhÅ since 1954 and came with him to the new studio. Kobayashi's name in the history of cinema was ensured when he directed the first pink film, Flesh Market, in 1962 at ÅŒkura Eiga.[7] When the police confiscated the film, two days after its release, the studio quickly patched together another version from extra footage, and Flesh Market became a huge success.[3]
The assistant director on Flesh Market, Kin'ya Ogawa who had come from an old Kabuki family, was one of ÅŒkura's most important directors during the 1960s.[13] One of ÅŒkura's most experienced and prolific directors,[13] he made his directorial debut in May 1965 with Mistress (妾 Mekake) for Kokuei studio. This was the first film in the "Part color" format in which key scenes—usually sex scenes—were shot in color while the rest of the film was in monochrome.[9][14] Most of Ogawa's output during the 1960s was released through ÅŒkura.[9] Though ÅŒkura had established the pink film genre—called "eroductions" until the late 1960s—with the release of Kobayashi's Flesh Market in 1962, ÅŒkura would not devote its resources entirely to pink until after the failure of Kiyoshi Komori's big-budget war epic, The Pacific War and the Star Lily Corps (太平洋戦争ã¨å§«ã‚†ã‚Šéƒ¨éšŠ Taiheiyousensou to Himeyuri Butai) (1962), and the tremendous success of Ogawa's Female, Female, Female (é›Œãƒ»ãƒ¡ã‚¹ãƒ»ç‰ Mesu Mesu Mesu) (January 1965).[15][16]
At ÅŒkura, Ogawa initiated one of the most popular themes in pink film, the "urban paranoia" story. His trilogy of films beginning with Conception and Venereal Disease (1968) was an example of this genre, in which an innocent country girl is corrupted by life in the big city.[17] Ogawa also directed "pink kaidan" or erotic ghost stories for ÅŒkura, and it is with these titles for which he is best remembered.[9] ÅŒkura was involved in the international distribution system involving softcore pornographic films beginning in the mid-1960s. A 1969 report from Kinema Jumpo indicated that some of Ogawa's films for ÅŒkura, including 1966-06 Desires of an Abnormal Man (欲望ã®ç•°å¸¸è€… YokubÅ no IjÅsha) (June 1966) and College Coed's Forbidden Flower Garden (女å大生ã®ç¦ã˜ã‚‰ã‚ŒãŸèŠ±åœ’ Joshidaisei no Kinjirareta Hanazono) (September 1967) had been exported and shown in England.[18] Ogawa claims that his favorite of his films is Lustful Room in an Apartment (好色マンション(秘) 室 KÅshoku Mansion-Shitsu) (November 1968), but most critics name Research into a True Virgin aka Search for a True Virgin (純処女ã—ら㹠Jun Shojo Shirabe) (June 1968) as his best film. Both films were made for ÅŒkura.[19] Ogawa stayed with ÅŒkura for six years, joining Million Film in 1970 and later working at ShintÅhÅ Eiga and Nikkatsu.[20]
To help fill the double- or triple-bill programs in his own theatres, ÅŒkura imported yÅ-pin or "Western pink" into Japan.[7] These were softcore sexploitation films of the type that were shown in western grindhouse's and drive-ins. ÅŒkura also claims to have produced the first pink film directed by a woman. KyÅko ÅŒgimachi, an actress in ShintÅhÅ's ama films of the 1950s, directed Yakuza Geisha in 1965. However Jasper Sharp reports that several pink film insiders are skeptical of this claim, as ÅŒgimachi was Mitsugu ÅŒkura's mistress, and he was known to treat her with favoritism.[21]
The Weissers write that standard ÅŒkura Eiga product of the 1960s was a low-budget affair with a forgettable plot which existed only to provide actresses to appear in the nude.[22] One of ÅŒkura's most popular actresses in their late 1960s output was the shapely Mari Iwai. Iwai was especially known for her roles in coming of age films.[23] Pink film queen Noriko Tatsumi appeared in films for ÅŒkura, including Love's Milky Drops aka Amorous Liquid (多情ãªä¹³æ¶² TajÅna NyÅ«eki) (December 1967), made between the shooting on Atsushi Yamatoya's cult pink film, Inflatable Sex Doll of the Wastelands.[24] After her career got off to a bad start with cult horror director Kinnosuke Fukada's disastrous foray into pink, Pleasure Trap (Kairaku no Wana, Kokuei, early 1967), actress Keiko Kayama took the unusual step for the time of initiating a publicity campaign. Following this successful move, she became one of the leading sex film actresses of the era, starring in such box-office hits for ÅŒkura as Pleasure of Women (女ã®ã‚ˆã‚ã“ã³ Onna no Yorokobi) (April 1967).[25] ÅŒkura gave future "SM Queen", actress Naomi Tani her first taste of the SM genre in Memoirs of a Modern Female Doctor aka Contemporary Medical Science on Women and Two Stories Of Sex (ç¾ä»£å¥³æ€§åŒ»å¦ Gendai Joi Igaku) (May 1967), and her first role in a fully SM-themed film with Cruel Map of Women's Bodies aka Female Bodies in a Brutal Scenario (女体残è™å›³ Jotai Zangyakuzu) (October, 1967).[26]
ÅŒkura and OP Eiga in the 1970s and 1980s
By the time the major studio, Nikkatsu took over the sexploitation genre in the early 1970s with its Roman Porno films, a distribution system for independent pink films had been established, with ÅŒkura and ShintÅhÅ Eiga controlling most of the venues.[27] ÅŒkura's production arm was eventually named OP Eiga, while the distribution retained the ÅŒkura name.[28] Typical of the studio's output in the 1980s, director Kazuhisa Ogawa, with regular star Mayumi Sanjo specialized in a series of college girl films. This series had Ogawa seeking revenge for rape, but, unlike typical rape and revenge films, the first offense was not entirely unwelcomed, and the resulting revenge tends to be light-weight acts of humiliation.[29]
Rape Pornography (犯ã—ã®æ·«ç”» Okashi No Inga) (February 1983) and Spoiled Relationship (熟れã™ãŽãŸé–¢ä¿‚ Uresugita Kankei) (August 1983) were unusually artistically done, thought-provoking films by regular ÅŒkura director Dai Iizumi.[30] The Weissers write that JÅ Ichimura's 1991 film Lost Female Body (失ã‚ã‚ŒãŸå¥³ä½“ Ushinawareta Nyotai) is a "revolutionary" pink film which has acquired a cult following in the years since its initial release.[31]
Along with the exclusively gay-themed ENK studio, OP Eiga is one of very few studios to regularly produce gay pink film,[32] such as Kuninori Yamazaki's award-winning That's When Things Changed (ãã—ã¦ã€åƒ•ã‚‰ã¯å¤‰ã£ãŸ Soshite Bokura wa Kawatta) (October 1993).[33] A former journalist, That's When Things Changed was Yamazaki's directorial debut. Praised by critics for its intellectual themes, it was not as heartily embraced by regular pink film audiences.[34] Openly gay actor-screenwriter Kouichi Imaizumi has become a key figure in the emergence of gay pink film by writing several scripts directed by Yumi Yoshiyuki for OP Eiga which help to bring a more realism to gay-themed pink films.[35]
OP Eiga today
OP Eiga has not attempted to foster a "movement" such as the "Four Heavenly Kings of Pink" (ピンク四天王 pinku shitenno) or "Seven Lucky Gods of Pink" (ピンク七ç¦ç¥ž shichifukujin), though, at the beginning of the 21st century, four major pink film directors are associated with the company: Yutaka Ikejima, Yumi Yoshiyuki, Minoru Kunizawa, and TarÅ Araki.[36] Neither has OP Eiga attempted to court overseas audiences, though Jasper Sharp asserts that OP Eiga's films would be popular with foreign audiences.[37] Nevertheless, OP Eiga continues to be a major force in the pink film genre, both because of its prolific output, and because its films are consistently named among the "Best Ten" of the year at the annual Pink Grand Prix.[37] At the 2007 ceremony covering the year 2006, for example. all three top films were from OP Eiga.[38][39] Best Films of the year produced by OP Eiga include Sad and Painful Search: Office Lady Essay (TarÅ Araki, 2000), A Saloon Wet with Beautiful Women (Tatsuro Kashihara, 2002), Fascinating Young Hostess: Sexy Thighs (Tetsuya Takehora, 2006), Molester's Train: Sensitive Fingers (Yoshikazu KatÅ, 2007), and the most recent Best Film, director Yoshikazu KatÅ's Tsubo Hime Sopu: Nuru Hada de Urazeme (壺姫ソープ ã¬ã‚‹è‚Œã§è£è²¬ã‚) (2009).[40] In recognition of its place in the pink film genre, the studio itself was given a special award in 1996.[41]
Personnel and output
Directors
Notable directors whose films have been produced or released by ÅŒkura Eiga / OP Eiga include:
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Actors and actresses
Notable actors and actresses who have performed at ÅŒkura Eiga / OP Eiga include:
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Films
Notable films produced and/or released by ÅŒkura Eiga / OP Eiga include:
- Flesh Market (肉体ã®å¸‚å ´ Nikutai no Ichiba) (Satoru Kobayashi, 1962)
- Cruel Map of Women's Bodies (女体残è™å›³ Jotai Zangyakuzu) (Masanao Sakao, 1967)
- Sex Guy's Inn: Women's Wiggling Asses (性奴ã®å®¿ã€€ã†ã”ã‚ã女尻 Seiyatsu no Yado: Ugokumeku Mejiri) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2000)
- Sad and Painful Search: Office Lady Essay (ã›ã¤ãªã求ã‚ã¦ã€€ï¼¯ï¼¬ç·¨ Setsunaku Motomete: OL-hen) (TarÅ Araki, 2000)
- Immoral First Love: Loving from the Nipples (åˆæ‹ä¸å€«ã€€ä¹³é¦–ã‹ã‚‰æ„›ã—㦠Hatsukoifurin: Chikubi kara Aishite) (TarÅ Araki, 2001)
- Private Lessons: Home Teacher's Breast (プライベート・レッスン 家åºæ•™å¸«ã®èƒ¸å…ƒ Puraibeeto * Ressun: KateikyÅshi no Munamoto) (Minoru Kunizawa, 2001)
- Sister-in-Law's Wet Thighs (義姉ã•ã‚“ã®æ¿¡ã‚ŒãŸå¤ªã‚‚ã‚‚ / 義姉ã•ã‚“ã®æ¿¡ã‚ŒãŸå¤ªè‚¡ Gishisan no Nureta Futomomo) (TarÅ Araki, 2001)
- Delivery Health Girl: The Moisture of Silken Skin (デリヘル嬢 絹肌ã®ã†ã‚‹ãŠã„ DeriherujÅ: Kinuhada no Uruoi) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2002)
- Molester's Bus 2: Heat of the Over Thirty (ç—´æ¼¢ãƒã‚¹ï¼’ 三åè·¯ã®ç«ç…§ã‚Š Chikan Basu 2: Misoji no Hoteri) (TarÅ Araki, 2002)
- A Saloon Wet with Beautiful Women (ç¾Žå¥³æ¿¡ã‚Œé…’å ´ Bijo Nure Sakaba) (TatsurÅ Kashihara, 2002)
- Adulterous Wife's Dirty Afternoon (ä¸å€«å¦»ã®æ·«ã‚‰ãªåˆå¾Œ Furin-zuma no Midara na Gogo) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2003)
- Eighteen Year-Old, Uniform's Breast (åå…«æ³ã€åˆ¶æœã®èƒ¸å…ƒ JÅ«hassai, Seifuku no Munamoto) (Minoru Kunizawa, 2003)
- The Girl Next Door: Taste of Short Steps (隣ã®ãŠå§‰ã•ã‚“ å°è‚¡ã®æ–¬ã‚Œå‘³ Tonari no Onesan: Komata no Kireaji) (TarÅ Araki, 2003)
- Irresistable Angel: Suck It All Up (悩殺天使 å¸ã„å°½ãã—㦠NÅsatsu Tenshi: SÅ«i Tsukushite) (Minoru Kunizawa, 2003)
- Aspiring Home Tutor: Soiled Pure Whiteness (憧れã®å®¶åºæ•™å¸«ã€€æ±šã•ã‚ŒãŸç´”白 Akogare no Kateikyoshi: Yogosareta Junbaku) (Yumi Yoshiyuki, 2004)
- Housekeeper with Beautiful Skin: Made Wet with Finger Torture (美肌家政婦 指責ã‚濡らã—㦠Mihada Kaseifu: Yubizeme Nurashite) (TarÅ Araki, 2004)
- Picture Book of a Beautiful Young Girl: Soaked Uniform (美少女図鑑 汚ã•ã‚ŒãŸåˆ¶æœ Bishojo Zukan: Abusareta Seifuku) (Tetsuya Takehora, 2004)
- Widow * Second Wife: Real Sucking Engulfing a Rare Utensil (後家・後妻 生ã—ゃã¶å器ã‚ãã‚Š Goke * Gozai: Seishaburi Meikimeguri) (Shigeo Moriyama, 2004)
- Wife Taxi: Crowded with Big Tits (人妻タクシー 巨乳ã«ä¹—り込゠Hitozuma Takushii: KyonyÅ« ni Norikomu) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2004)
- Lustful Wife in Black: Aching (欲情喪æœå¦»ã€€ã†ãšã YokujÅ Mofukutsuma: Uzuku) (Minoru Kunizawa, 2005)
- Lustful Hitchhiker: Sought Wife (欲情ヒッãƒãƒã‚¤ã‚¯ã€€æ±‚ã‚ãŸäººå¦» Yokujo Hitchihaiku: Motometa Hitozuma) (Tetsuya Takehora, 2005)
- Miss Peach: Peachy Sweetness Huge Breasts (ミスピーãƒã€€å·¨ä¹³ã¯æ¡ƒã®ç”˜ã¿ Misu Piichi: KyonyÅ« wa Momo no Umami) (Yumi Yoshiyuki, 2005)
- Older Office Lady: Using Her Seductive Tongue (年上ã®ï¼¯ï¼¬ã€€æ‚©ã¾ã—ã„舌使ㄠToshiue no OL: Nayamashii Shita Tsukai) (Yumi Yoshiyuki, 2005)
- Miss Hotel Call Girl: Healing Induction (ホテトル嬢 癒ã—ã®æ‰‹ã»ã©ã HoterujÅ Iyashi no Te Hodoki) (Tetsuya Takehora, 2006)
- Big Tit Sisters: Blow Through the Valley (巨乳ãªå§‰å¦¹ã€€ï½žè°·é–“ã«å¸ã„ã¤ã‘~ KyonyÅ« na Shimai * Tanima ni Fuitsuke) (Yumi Yoshiyuki, 2006)
- Hostess Madness: Unparched Nectar (ホスト狂ã„ 渇ã‹ãªã„èœœæ± Hosuto Kurui: Wawakanai Mitsu-Jiru) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2006)
- Fascinating Young Hostess: Sexy Thighs (悩殺若女将 色ã£ã½ã„è…°ã¤ã NÅsatsu Waka Okami: Iroppoi Koshitsuki) (Tetsuya Takehora, 2006)
- ShÅwa Erotic Romance: The Virgin's Bashfulness (æ˜å’Œã‚¨ãƒæµªæ¼«ã€€ç”Ÿå¨˜ã®æ¥ã˜ã‚‰ã„ ShÅwa Ero Roman: Kimusume no Hajirai) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2006)
- Company President's Secretary: Hunting Big Tit Sexual Harassment (社長秘書 巨乳セクãƒãƒ©ç‹©ã‚Š ShachÅ Hisho: KyonyÅ« Sekuharakari) (Kuninori Yamazaki, 2007)
- Fascinating Woman: The Temptation of Creampie (奪ã†å¥³ã€€ä¸å‡ºã—ã®èª˜æƒ‘ Ubau Onna: Nakadashi no YÅ«waku) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2007)
- Lewd Priest: Playful Writing on a Woman's Body (ワイセツ和尚 女体ç†ã„ã˜ã‚Š Waisetsu OshÅ: Nyotai Fudeijiri) (Shigeo Moriyama, 2007)
- Widow Apartment: Big Tits' Aching Night (未亡人アパート 巨乳ã®ã†ãšã夜 MibÅjin Apaato: KyonyÅ« no Uzuku Yoru) (Yumi Yoshiyuki, 2007)
- Molester's Train: Sensitive Fingers (痴漢電車 ã³ã‚“ã‹ã‚“指先案内人 Chikan Densha: Binkan Yubi Saki Annai Nin) (Yoshikazu KatÅ, 2007)
- Adultery Addiction: Sensual Daze (ä¸å€«ä¸æ¯’ 官能ã®ã¾ã©ã‚ã¿ FurinchÅ«doku: KannÅ no Madoromi) (Yumi Yoshiyuki, 2007)
- The Sticky Taste of a Peach-Skinned Proprietess (桃肌女将ã®ãã°ã‚Šå‘³ Momo Hada Okami no Nebari Aji) Tetsuya Takehora, 2007)
- Impure Uniform: Writhing Thighs (ä¸ç´”ãªåˆ¶æœã€€æ‚¶ãˆãŸå¤ªã‚‚ã‚‚ Fujunna Seifuku: Modaeta Futomomo) (Tetsuya Takehora, 2008)
- Best Friend's Wife: The Black Panties of a Secret Rendezvous (親å‹ã®å¦»ã€€å¯†ä¼šã®é»’ä¸‹ç€ ShinyÅ« no Tsuma: Mikkai no Kuroshitagi) (Yutaka Ikejima, 2008)
- Female Prisoner Ayaka: Tormenting and Breaking in a Bitch (女囚アヤカ ã„ãŸã¶ã‚Šç‰èª¿æ•™ JoshÅ« Ayaka: Itaburi Mesu ChÅkyÅ) (Naoyuki Tomomatsu, 2008)
- Cousin White Paper: Aching Mature Lewdness (ã„ã¨ã“白書 ã†ãšã淫乱熟 Itoko Hakusho: Uzuku Inran Netsu) (Tetsuya Takehora, 2009)
Bibliography
English
- Cowie, Peter (editor) (1977). "Japan". World Filmography 1967. London: Tantivy Press. ISBN 0-498-01565-3.
- Cowie, Peter (editor) (1977). "Japan". World Filmography 1968. London: Tantivy Press. ISBN 0-904208-36-2.
- Sharp, Jasper (2008). Behind the Pink Curtain: The Complete History of Japanese Sex Cinema. Guildford: FAB Press. ISBN 978-1-903254-54-7.
- Weisser, Thomas; Yuko Mihara Weisser (1998). Japanese Cinema Encyclopedia: The Sex Films. Miami: Vital Books : Asian Cult Cinema Publications. ISBN 1-889288-52-7.
Japanese
- "Japanese Cinema Database" (in Japanese). Agency for Cultural Affairs.
- "Japanese Movie Database" (in Japanese). Japanese Movie Database.
Notes
- 1 2 Sharp, p. 10.
- ↑ Weisser, p. 20.
- 1 2 Sharp, pp. 46-47.
- 1 2 Stephens, Chuck. "Jigoku: Hell on Earth". www.criterion.com. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
- 1 2 Sharp, pp. 10, 46.
- ↑ Rucka, Nicholas. "The Death of J-Horror?". www.midnighteye.com. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Sharp, p. 46.
- ↑ Sharp, p. 39.
- 1 2 3 4 Sharp, p. 58.
- ↑ "色欲怪談 発情女ゆã†ã‚Œã„". Japanese Cinema Database (Agency for Cultural Affairs). Retrieved 2010-06-27. External link in
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(help) - ↑ Weisser, p. 130.
- ↑ Sharp, pp. 59, 298.
- 1 2 Weisser, pp. 70, 107.
- ↑ 妾 (in Japanese). Japanese Movie Database. Retrieved 2010-06-19.
- ↑ Sharp, pp. 47, 58, 204.
- ↑ "雌ã‚ã™ç‰". Japanese Cinema Database (Agency for Cultural Affairs). Retrieved 2010-06-27. External link in
|publisher=
(help) - ↑ Weisser, pp. 86, 107.
- ↑ Sharp, p. 177.
- ↑ Weisser, pp. 258-259.
- ↑ Weisser, pp. 70, 107, 257.
- ↑ Sharp, pp. 294-295.
- ↑ Weisser, p. 363.
- ↑ Weisser, p. 81.
- ↑ Weisser, p. 256.
- ↑ Weisser, pp. 317, 318.
- ↑ Weisser, pp. 138, 269.
- ↑ Sharp, p. 203.
- ↑ Sharp, p. 338.
- ↑ Weisser, pp. 376, 388.
- ↑ Weisser, pp. 327, 417.
- ↑ Weisser, p. 246.
- ↑ Sharp pp. 10, 305.
- ↑ "Best Ten of 1993, 6th Ceremony 1993年度ベストテン <第6回ピンク大賞>" (in Japanese). P*G Website. Retrieved 2010-04-16.
- ↑ Weisser, p. 431.
- ↑ Sharp, p. 306.
- ↑ Sharp, p. 334.
- 1 2 Sharp, p. 333.
- ↑ Sharp, p. 331.
- ↑ "Best Ten of 2006 (ï¼’ï¼ï¼ï¼–年度ベストテン)" (in Japanese). P*G Website. Retrieved 2009-01-18.
- ↑ "2009年度ベストテン (Best 10 of 2009)" (in Japanese). P*G Website. Retrieved 2010-03-25.
- ↑ "Best Ten of 1996 (1996年度ベストテン)" (in Japanese). P*G Website. Retrieved 2009-01-18.