October 1965

1965 January February March April May June July August September October November December

<<	October 1965					>>
Su	Mo	Tu	We	Th	Fr	Sa
					1	2
3	4	5	6	7	8	9
10	11	12	13	14	15	16
17	18	19	20	21	22	23
24	25	26	27	28	29	30
31

The following events occurred in October 1965:

October 1, 1965 (Friday)

The spot where Ahmad Yani was shot and killed on Oct 1, 1965, during an attempted coup in Indonesia

• 30 September Movement: Members of the movement assassinate six Indonesian Army generals in an abortive coup d'état.^[1] Other victims include the 5-year-old daughter of General Abdul Harris Nasution, shot by mistake.^[2] The movement also kidnaps First Lieutenant Pierre Tendean, mistaking him for General Nasution. At 7am, Radio Republik Indonesia broadcasts a message from Lieutenant-Colonel Untung Syamsuri, commander of Cakrabirawa, the Presidential guard, stating that the 30 September Movement, an internal army organization, has taken control of strategic locations in Jakarta, with the help of other military units, in order to forestall a coup attempt by a 'General's Council' aided by the Central Intelligence Agency, intent on removing President Sukarno on 5 October, "Army Day".^[3] Sukarno takes up residence in the Bogor Palace, while Omar Dhani and D.N. Aidit, implicated in the coup, flee the country. Led by Suharto, commander of the Army's Strategic Reserve,the army regains control of all the installations previously held by forces of the 30 September Movement.
• Died: Ahmad Yani, 43, commander of the Indonesian Army; M. T. Haryono, 41, Donald Izacus Pandjaitan, 40, Siswondo Parman, 47, Sutoyo Siswomiharjo, 43, and R. Soeprapto, 45, Yani's assistants; all killed during the attempted coup.

October 2, 1965 (Saturday)

• 30 September Movement: The Indonesian Army regains control of Halim Air Force Base after a short battle.
• Died: Oskar R. Lange, 61, Polish economist and diplomat

October 3, 1965 (Sunday)

• Fidel Castro announces that Che Guevara has resigned his government position and left Cuba to fight for the revolutionary cause abroad.^[4]
• U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 which ends quotas based on national origin.

October 4, 1965 (Monday)

• At least 150 killed when a commuter train derails at the outskirts of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
• Prime minister Ian Smith of Rhodesia and Arthur Bottomley of the Commonwealth of Nations begin negotiations in London.
• Pope Paul VI visits the United States. He appears for a Mass in Yankee Stadium and makes a speech at the United Nations.

October 5, 1965 (Tuesday)

• Pakistan severs diplomatic relations with Malaysia because of their disagreement in the UN.

October 6, 1965 (Wednesday)

• Ian Brady, a 27-year-old stock clerk from Hyde in Cheshire, is arrested for allegedly hacking to death (with a hatchet) 17-year-old apprentice electrician Edward Evans at a house on the Hattersley housing estate.
• The Danish Coaster Dina runs aground off the Mull of Kintyre, Scotland; it is refloated the following day.^[5]

October 7, 1965 (Thursday)

• Seven Japanese fishing boats are sunk off Guam by super typhoon Carmen; 209 are killed.

October 8, 1965 (Friday)

• Indonesian killings of 1965–66: Following a failed coup, the Indonesian army instigates the arrest and execution of communists which last until March 1966^[6]
• The International Olympic Committee admits East Germany as a member.
• The Post Office Tower in London, UK, is officially opened by Prime Minister Harold Wilson.^[7]
• British coaster Normanby sinks in Belfast Lough. All crew are rescued.^[8]
• The 20th Helicopter Squadron becomes the first U.S. Air Force cargo helicopter unit to deploy to South Vietnam, operating CH-3C helicopters. It supports Air Force Special Operations "Pony Express" covert operations, primarily in Laos.^[9]
• US tanker Cities Service Baltimore runs aground in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts.^[10]

October 9, 1965 (Saturday)

• Yale University displays the Vinland map, donated by alumnus Paul Mellon.
• A brigade of South Korean soldiers arrives in South Vietnam.

October 10, 1965 (Sunday)

• The first group of Cuban refugees travels to the U.S.
• Born: Chris Penn, US actor, in Los Angeles, California (died 2006)

October 11, 1965 (Monday)

• French coaster MV Nerée sinks 10 nautical miles (19 km) off Cherbourg, with the loss of six of her 25 crew.^[11]
• Born: Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain, Spanish physicist, in Manresa, Catalonia

October 12, 1965 (Tuesday)

• Per Borten forms a government in Norway.
• The U.N. General Council recommends that the United Kingdom try everything to stop a rebellion in Rhodesia.

October 13, 1965 (Wednesday)

• Congolese President Joseph Kasavubu dismisses Prime Minister Moise Tshombe and forms a provisional government, with Evariste Kimba in a leading position.
• Died: Paul Hermann Müller, 66, Swiss chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine^[12]

October 14, 1965 (Thursday)

• The 1965 World Series in baseball ends in victory for the Los Angeles Dodgers.^[13]
• Born: Steve Coogan, British comedian and actor, in Middleton, Lancashire
• Died: Randall Jarrell, 51, US poet (road accident)^[14]

October 15, 1965 (Friday)

• Vietnam War: The Catholic Worker Movement stages an anti-war protest in Manhattan. One draft card burner is arrested, the first under the new law.
• Guitarist Jimi Hendrix signs a three-year recording contract with Ed Chaplin, receiving $1 and 1% royalty on records with Curtis Knight. The agreement will later cause continuous litigation problems with Hendrix and other record labels.

October 16, 1965 (Saturday)

• Police find a girl's body on Saddleworth Moor near Oldham in Lancashire. The body is quickly identified as that of 10-year-old Lesley Ann Downey, who disappeared on Boxing Day the previous year from a fairground in the Ancoats area of Manchester. Ian Brady, arrested for the murder of a 17-year-old man in nearby Hattersley, is charged with murdering Lesley, as is his 23-year-old girlfriend Myra Hindley.
• Anti-war protests draw 100,000 in 80 U.S. cities and around the world.

October 17, 1965 (Sunday)

• The New York World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, NY, closes. As a result of its financial losses, some of the projected site park improvements fail to materialize.
• A Douglas DC-3S (registration HK-118), operated by Avianca, collides in mid-air with a Piper Super Cub 150 (HK-922P) over Bucaramanga, Colombia, killing all 19 on board both aircraft.^[15]
• A Douglas C-47A (registration VT-AUQ), operated by Kalinga Airlines, crashes 23 mi north of Mohanbari, India, while on a supply drop mission, killing all eight people on board.^[16]

October 18, 1965 (Monday)

• The Indonesian government outlaws the Communist Party of Indonesia.
• Liberian cargo ship SS Marlin founders after its cargo shifts, 120 nautical miles (220 km) east of Cape Fear, North Carolina, US.
• Born: Curtis Stigers, US jazz vocalist and saxophonist, in Boise, Idaho

October 19, 1965 (Tuesday)

• The main belt asteroid 2790 Needham is discovered by Purple Mountain Observatory at Nanjing, China.

October 20, 1965 (Wednesday)

• Ludwig Erhard is re-elected Chancellor of West Germany (he had first been elected in 1963).
• Philippine Airlines Flight 741 (a Douglas C-47A, registration PI-C144) crashes on takeoff from Manila due to pilot error and overloading, killing one of 37 on board.^[17]

October 21, 1965 (Thursday)

• Comet Ikeya-Seki approaches perihelion, passing 450,000 kilometers from the sun.
• The OAU meets in Accra, Ghana.
• British police find the decomposed body of a boy on Saddleworth Moor. It is later confirmed as that of John Kilbride, killed by the Moors murderers nearly two years earlier.^[18]

October 22, 1965 (Friday)

• French authors André Figueras and Jacques Laurent are fined for their comments against Charles De Gaulle.
• African countries demand that the United Kingdom use force to prevent Rhodesia from declaring unilateral independence.
• Colonel Christophe Soglo stages a second coup in Dahomey.
• The fifth session of the 27th Quebec Legislature opens.

October 23, 1965 (Saturday)

• Died: Ernst Hechler, 57, German bomber pilot and U-boat commander in World War II^[19]

October 24, 1965 (Sunday)

• British Prime Minister Harold Wilson and Commonwealth Secretary Arthur Bottomley travel to Rhodesia for negotiations.
• The 1965 Formula One season ends in a second championship win for Jim Clark, who is also victorious in the final race of the season, the Mexican Grand Prix.

October 25, 1965 (Monday)

• The Soviet Union declares its support of African countries if Rhodesia unilaterally declares independence.

October 26, 1965 (Tuesday)

• Anti-government demonstrations occur in the Dominican Republic.
• Born: Aaron Kwok, Hong Kong singer and actor, in Hong Kong; Sakari Oramo, Finnish conductor and violinist, in Helsinki; Kelly Rowan, Canadian actress, in Ottawa
• Died: Sylvia Likens, 16, murder victim, of a brain hemorrhage, shock and malnutrition, in Indianapolis, US.^[20]

October 27, 1965 (Wednesday)

• Brazilian president Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco removes power from parliament, legal courts and opposition parties.
• Süleyman Demirel of AP forms the new government of Turkey (30th government).

October 28, 1965 (Thursday)

The Gateway Arch in St Louis, topped out on October 28

• French Foreign Minister Couve de Murville travels to Moscow.
• Pope Paul VI announces that the ecumenical council has decided that Jews are not collectively responsible for the killing of Christ.
• In St. Louis, Missouri, the 630-foot (190 m)-tall inverted catenary steel Gateway Arch is topped out, as Vice President Hubert Humphrey observes from a helicopter, and an opening ceremony, originally scheduled for October 17, is held. A time capsule, containing the signatures of 762,000 students and others, is welded into the keystone before the final piece is set in place.^[21] A Catholic priest and a rabbi pray over the keystone,^[22] a 10 short tons (9.1 t), 8-foot-long (2.4 m) triangular section.^[23]
• Mehdi Ben Barka, a Moroccan politician, is kidnapped in Paris and never seen again.
• The Moel-y-Parc transmitting station, the tallest structure in North Wales, begins transmissions of BBC 405-line TV in addition to ITV, obtaining its signal from an SHF link on the Great Orme which picked up the signal from Llanddona on Anglesey.
• Born: Francisco Domínguez Brito, Attorney General of the Dominican Republic (2006–2010), in Santiago de los Caballeros

October 29, 1965 (Friday)

Moors murderers Ian Brady and Myra Hindley

• Ian Brady and Myra Hindley appear in court, charged with the murders of Edward Evans (17), Lesley Ann Downey (10), and John Kilbride (12).
• An 80-kiloton nuclear device is detonated at Amchitka Island, Alaska as part of the Vela Uniform program, code-named Project Long Shot.

October 30, 1965 (Saturday)

• Vietnam War: Near Da Nang, United States Marines repel an intense attack by Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas. A sketch of Marine positions is found on the dead body of a 13-year-old Vietnamese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.
• In Washington, D.C., a pro-Vietnam War march draws 25,000 people.
• Died: Arthur M. Schlesinger, Sr., 77, US historian

October 31, 1965 (Sunday)

• Died: Jan Kowalewski, 73, Polish cryptologist, intelligence officer, engineer, journalist and military commander

References

1. Crouch, Harold (1978), The Army and Politics in Indonesia, Politics and International Relations of Southeast Asia, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, ISBN 0-8014-1155-6. p101
2. Ricklefs, M.C. (1982) A History of Modern Indonesia, MacMillan. ISBN 0-333-24380-3. p. 281.
3. Roosa, John (2006). Pretext for Mass Murder: The September 30th Movement and Suharto's Coup d'État in Indonesia. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-22034-1. p 35
4. History of Cuba: Che's Farewell Letter to Fidel Castro. Accessed 12 January 2014
5. "News in Brief" The Times (London). Friday, 8 October 1965. (56447), col G, p. 6.
6. Vickers, Adrian (2005). A History of Modern Indonesia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-54262-6.
7. BT Archives. Accessed 12 January 2014
8. "News in Brief" The Times (London). Saturday, 9 October 1965. (56448), col E, p. 7.
9. Chinnery, Philip D., Vietnam: The Helicopter War, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1991, ISBN 978-1-55750-875-1, pp. 55-58.
10. "Tanker Aground in Boston Harbour" The Times (London). Saturday, 9 October 1965. (56448), col G, p. 8.
11. "Four Drown as Ship Sinks" The Times (London). Tuesday, 12 October 1965. (56450), col D, p. 9.
12. "Dr. Paul Müller." (PDF). Nature 208 (5015): 1043–4. December 1965. doi:10.1038/2081043b0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 5331547. Retrieved 2012-11-24.
13. Forman, Sean L. "1965 World Series". Baseball-Reference.com – Major League Statistics and Information. Archived from the original on November 30, 2007. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
14. "Randall Jarrell, Poet, Killed By Car in Carolina." The New York Times 15 October 1965.
15. Accident description for HK-118 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 11 April 2013.
16. Accident description for VT-AUQ at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 11 April 2013.
17. Accident description for PI-C144 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on 11 April 2013.
18. Topping, Peter (1989), Topping: The Autobiography of the Police Chief in the Moors Murder Case, Angus & Robertson, ISBN 0-207-16480-0. p 37
19. Kaiser, Jochen (2010). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Kampfflieger—Band 1 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Bomber Fliers—Volume 1] (in German and English). Bad Zwischenahn, Germany: Luftfahrtverlag-Start. ISBN 978-3-941437-07-4. p194
20. The murder of Sylvia Likens; Indianapolis Star, Library Factfiles.
21. Leonard, Mary Delach (October 19, 2005). "Wow! At 40, shining Arch still is beacon to visitors". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Archived from the original on December 14, 2010. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
22. Duffy, Robert W. (December 14, 2003). "Gateway Arch Is a Monument to Smith's Good Idea, Saarinen's Design". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. p. 30. ISSN 1930-9600. Archived from the original on March 26, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
23. "Completion Of Gateway Arch Hailed". The Hartford Courant (St. Louis). October 29, 1965. p. 22. Archived from the original on September 14, 2011. Retrieved December 14, 2010.