Outline of the Ottoman Empire
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Ottoman Empire:
The Ottoman Empire was a Muslim empire that lasted from 1299 to 1922. It is also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey after the principal ethnic group.[1] At its zenith in the second half of the 16th century it controlled Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia and North Africa.
General history
Main articles: Timeline of the Ottoman Empire and Timeline of Turkish history
Main periods
- Rise of the Ottoman Empire
- Growth of the Ottoman Empire
- Stagnation of the Ottoman Empire
- Decline of the Ottoman Empire
- Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire
- Fall of the Ottoman Empire
- Partition
Subperiods
- Ottoman Interregnum
- Sultanate of Women
- Köprülü era
- Tulip period
- Tanzimat era
- 1st Constitutional Era
- 2nd Constitutional Era
Structure of the Ottoman Empire
- Economic history of the Ottoman Empire
- State organization of the Ottoman Empire
- Social structure in the Ottoman Empire
- Culture of the Ottoman Empire
- Science and technology in the Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman Turkish language
- Demographics of the Ottoman Empire
- Religion in the Ottoman Empire
- Reform attempts in the Ottoman Empire
- Socioeconomics of the Ottoman reformation era
- Socioeconomics of the Ottoman enlargement era
- Millet system
- Ottoman Law
- Porte
- Tughra
- Line of succession to the Ottoman throne
- Military of the Ottoman Empire
- Enderun
- Jannisary
- Sipahi
- Cebeci
- Nizam-ı Cedid Army
- Timar
- Nöker
- Ikta
- Eyalet
- Vilayets of the Ottoman Empire
- Sanjak
- Ağalık
- Kadılık
- Salname
Titles and posts
Main article: List of Ottoman titles and appellations
- Sultan
- Grand vizier
- Vizier
- Beylerbey
- Pasha
- Kazasker
- Nisanci
- Defterdar
- Reisülküttap
- Lala
- Aga
- Sanjak bey
History of Ottoman-ruled countries
- Albania
- Algeria
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Cyprus
- Egypt
- Eritrea
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iraq
- Kosovo
- Libya
- Macedonia
- Montenegro
- Serbia
- Syria
- Tunisia
- Ukraine
Ottoman Dynasty
Main articles: Ottoman Dynasty and Ottoman family tree
The sultans
Main article: List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire
Some male members of the Ottoman house
- Alaeddin Pasha
- Süleyman Pasha
- Şehzade Halil
- Savcı Bey
- Süleyman Çelebi
- İsa Çelebi
- Musa Çelebi
- Mustafa Çelebi
- Küçük Mustafa
- Cem Sultan
- Şehzade Ahmet
- Şehzade Korkut
- Şehzade Mustafa
- Şehzade Beyazıt
- Yusuf Izzettin Efendi
- Abdülmecid II
Mothers and other women assumed the title Valide Sultan
Main articles: List of the mothers of the Ottoman Sultans and List of Valide Sultans
- Mal Hatun
- Nilüfer Hatun
- Gülçiçek Hatun
- Devlet Hatun
- Emine Hatun
- Hüma Hatun
- Emine Gülbahar Hatun
- Sittişah Hatun
- Gülbahar Hatun
- Ayşe Hatun
- Ayşe Hafsa Sultan
- Hürrem Sultan
- Nurbanu Sultan
- Safiye Sultan
- Handan Sultan
- Halime Sultan
- Mahfiruze Hatice Sultan
- Mahpeyker Kösem Sultan
- Turhan Hatice Sultan
- Saliha Dilasub Sultan
- Hatice Muazzez Sultan
- Emetullah Rabia Gülnûş Sultan
- Saliha Sebkati Sultan
- Sehsuvar Sultan
- Emine Mihrişah Kadınefendi
- Rabia Şermi Kadınefendi
- Mihrişah Sultan
- Nükhetsezâ Hanımefendi
- Ayşe Seniyeperver Sultan
- Nakşidil Sultan
- Bezmiâlem Sultan
- Pertevniyal Sultan
- Şevkefza Sultan
- Tirimüjgan Kadınefendi
- Gülcemal Kadınefendi
- Rahime Perestu Sultan
- Gülüstü Kadınefendi
Some female members of the Ottoman house
- Hatice Sultan (daughter of Selim I)
- Mahidevran
- Mihrimah Sultana
- Kaya Sultan
- Hatice Sultan (daughter of Ahmed III)
- Hatice Sultan (daughter of Mustafa III)
- Esma Sultan
- Adile Sultana
- Naile Sultan
- Esma Sultan
- Fehime Sultan
Notable people
Some Crimean Khans[2]
Main article: List of Crimean khans
- Meñli I Giray
- Mehmed I Giray
- Sahib I Giray
- Devlet I Giray
- Mehmed IV Giray
- Islam III Giray
- Adil Giray
- Selim I Giray
- Devlet II Giray
- Şahin Giray
Some Grandviziers
Main article: List of Ottoman Grand Viziers
Other notable viziers, governors and soldiers
- Gazi Evrenos
- Hacı İlbey
- Lala Şahin Pasha
- Zağanos Pasha
- Tiryaki Hasan Pasha
- Telli Hasan Pasha
- Özdemir Pasha
- Cezzar Ahmet Pasha
- Ali Pasha
- Muhammed Ali of Egypt
- Gazi Osman Pasha
- Ethem Pasha
- Ahmet Cemal
- Enver Pasha
Sea men (Kaptan Pashas)
Main article: List of admirals in the Ottoman Empire
- Kemal Reis
- Piri Reis[3]
- Oruç Reis
- Barbaros Hayrettin Pasha
- Aydın Reis
- Turgut Reis
- Kurtoğlu Muslihiddin Reis
- Salih Reis
- Murat Reis the Elder
- Seydi Ali Reis[4]
- Piyale Pasha
- Kurtoğlu Hızır Reis
- Müezzinzade Ali Pasha
- Kılıç Ali Pasha
- Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha
- Hasan Rami Pasha
Architects[5]
Artists (painter and calligrapher)
- Ahmed Karahisari
- Nakkaş Osman
- Hâfiz Osman
- Levni
- Osman Hamdi Bey
- Şeker Ahmet Paşa
- Hoca Ali Riza
- Halil Paşa
Musicians
- Hafız Post
- Buhurizade Itri
- Hampartsoum Limondjian
- Dede Efendi
- Tanburi Büyük Osman Bey
- Hacı Arif Bey
- Tatyos Efendi
- Tamburi Cemil Bey
Poets and authors
- Pir Sultan Abdal
- Fuzûlî
- Hayâlî
- Bâkî
- İncili Çavuş
- Nef'i
- Karacaoğlan
- Neşâtî
- Nedîm
- Dadaloğlu
- İbrahim Şinasi
- Agah Efendi
- Namık Kemal
- Tevfik Fikret
- Ömer Seyfettin
Men of letters and historians
- Aşıkpaşazade
- İdris-i Bitlisi
- Matrakçı Nasuh
- Hoca Sadeddin Efendi
- Mustafa Ali
- Mustafa Selaniki
- Koçi Bey
- Katip Çelebi
- Evliya Çelebi
- İbrahim Peçevi
- Mustafa Naima
- Osman Aga of Timişoara
- İbrahim Müteferrika
- Silahdar Findiklili Mehmed Aga
- Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi
- Ahmed Resmî Efendi
- Ahmet Cevdet Pasha
- Ziya Gökalp
Scientists (including Astrologist)
- Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu
- Ali Kuşçu
- Orban
- Takiyuddin
- Hezârfen Ahmet Çelebi
- Lagari Hasan Çelebi[6]
- Erzurumlu İbrahim Hakkı
- Müneccimbaşı Ahmed Dede
Some families
Buildings
Palaces (İstanbul)
Main article: Ottoman palaces in Istanbul
- Adile Sultan Palace
- Aynalıkavak Palace
- Beylerbeyi Palace
- Çırağan Palace
- Dolmabahçe Palace
- Esma Sultan Mansion
- Hatice Sultan Palace
- Ihlamur Palace
- Khedive Palace
- Küçüksu Palace
- Maslak Palace
- Topkapı Palace
- Yıldız Palace
Mosques (İstanbul)
- Atik Ali Pasha Mosque
- Atik Valide Mosque
- Beyazıt II Mosque
- Dolmabahçe Mosque
- Eyüp Sultan Mosque
- Fatih Mosque
- Firuz Ağa Mosque
- Handan Agha Mosque
- Kılıç Ali Pasha Mosque
- Laleli Mosque
- Mihrimah Mosque
- Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar)
- Molla Çelebi Mosque
- The New Mosque
- Nuruosmaniye Mosque
- Nusretiye Mosque
- Ortaköy Mosque
- Pertevniyal Mosque
- Rüstem Pasha Mosque
- Sinan Pasha Mosque
- Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque
- Sultan Ahmet Mosque (Blue Mosque)
- Süleymaniye Mosque
- Şehzade Mosque
- Şemsi Pasha Mosque
- Teşvikiye Mosque
- Yavuz Selim Mosque
- Yeni Valide Mosque
- Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque
- Zeynep Sultan Mosque
Mosques (Elsewhere)
- Bayezid I Mosque
- Bursa Grand Mosque
- İzzet Mehmet Pasha Mosque
- Murat Paşa Mosque
- Nasrullah Mosque
- Old Mosque
- Omer Pasha Mosque
- Selimiye Mosque
- Tekeli Mehmet Paşa Mosque
- Üç Şerefeli Mosque
- Ulucami
- Yeşil Mosque
Military
Wars
Croatian–Ottoman Wars
Main article: Croatian–Ottoman Wars
- Long campaign (1443–1444)
- Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War (c. 1493 – 1593)
- Long War (1593–1606)
- Great Turkish War (1662–1699)
Ottoman Persian Wars
- War of 1532–1555
- War of 1578–1590
- War of 1603–1618
- War of 1623–1639
- War of 1730–1735
- War of 1743–1746
- War of 1775–1776
- War of 1821–1823
Ottoman–Venetian Wars
- Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430)
- The first Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479)
- The second Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503)
- The third Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540)
- The fourth Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573)
- The fifth Ottoman–Venetian War or Cretan War (1645–1669)
- The sixth Ottoman–Venetian War or Morean War (1684–1699)
- The seventh and last Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718)
Polish–Ottoman Wars
- Moldavian Magnate Wars
- Polish–Ottoman War (1620–1621)
- Polish–Ottoman War (1633–1634)
- Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671)
- Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) (or "2nd Polish–Ottoman War")
- Polish–Ottoman War (1683–1699) (or "3rd Polish–Ottoman War")
Russo-Turkish War
Main article: Russo-Turkish Wars
- Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570)
- Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681)
- Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
- Russo Turkish War (1710)
- Russo-Turkish War (1735-1739)
- Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
- Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
- Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)
- Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)
- Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
Other wars
- Byzantine–Ottoman Wars
- Ottoman–Persian Wars
- History of the Serbian–Turkish wars
- Ottoman–Habsburg wars
- Indian Ocean campaigns
- Italian War of 1542–1546
- Italo-Turkish War
- Balkan Wars
- World War I
Sieges
Main article: List of the cities besieged by the Ottoman Empire
- Bursa (1326)
- İznik (1331)
- İzmit (1333)
- Edirne (1361)
- Tarnovo (1393)
- İstanbul (1422)
- Thessalonica (1422)
- Svetigrad (1448)
- İstanbul (1453)
- Belgrade (1456)
- Kruje (1478)
- Rhodes (1480)
- Otranto (1481)
- Cairo (1517)
- Rhodes (1522)
- Algiers (1529)
- Vienna (1529)
- Tunis (1534)
- Baghdat (1534)
- Corfu (1537)
- Diu (1538)
- Aden (1538)
- Castelnuovo (1539)
- Buda (1541)
- Esztergom (1543)
- Van (1547)
- Tripoli (1551)
- Eger(1552)
- Oran (1556)
- Oran (1563)
- Malta (1565)
- Szigetvar (1566)
- Tunis (1574)
- Baghdad (1638)
- Candia (1669)
- Vienna (1683)
- Belgrade (1739)
Battles (before World War 1)
Main articles: List of battles involving the Ottoman Empire and List of the Ottoman battles in which the sultan participated
Battles of the First World War
Caucasus Campaign
Main article: Caucasus Campaign
- Köprüköy (Bergmann)
- Sarikamis
- Ardahan
- Malazgirt (Manzikert)
- Kara Kilise
- Erzurum
- Trabzon
- Bitlis
- Erzincan
- Sardarapat
- Abaran
- Karakilisa
- Baku
Mesopotamian campaign
Main article: Mesopotamian campaign
- Fao– Basra
- Qurna
- Es Sinn
- Ctesiphon
- 1st Kut
- Shiekh Sa'ad
- Wadi
- Hanna
- Dujaila
- 2nd Kut
- Baghdad
- Samarrah Offensive
- Ramadi
- Khan Baghdadi
- Sharqat
Sinai and Palestine Campaign
Main article: Sinai and Palestine Campaign
- Kanal (Suez)
- Romani
- Magdhaba
- Refah (Rafa)
- 1st Gaza
- 2nd Gaza
- El Buggar
- Birüşebi (Beersheba)
- 3rd Gaza
- Mughar Ridge
- Kudüs(Jerusalem)
- Abu Tellul
- Megiddo
Gallipoli Campaign
Main article: Gallipoli Campaign
- Çanakkale deniz (Naval operations)
- Arıburnu (Anzac Cove)
- Helles
- 1.Kirte (Krithia)
- 2.Kirte (Krithia)
- 3.Kirte (Krithia)
- Kumkale
- Sığındere (Gully Ravine)
- Anafartalar (Sari Bair)
- Kirte Bağları (Krithia Vineyard)
- Kanlısırt (Lone Pine)
- Suvla
- Kılışbayır (The Nek)
- Conk Bayırı (Chunuk Bair)
- Yusufçuk Tepe (Scimitar Hill)
- Hill 60
Treaties
Main article: List of treaties of the Ottoman Empire
Revolts and notable events
Main article: Rebellions in the Ottoman Empire
- Sheikh Bedrettin
- Şahkulu
- Jelali revolts
- Beylerbeyi Event
- Abaza rebellion
- Atmeydanı Incident
- Çınar Incident
- Edirne event
- Patrona Halil
- Kabakçı Mustafa
- Charter of Alliance
- The Auspicious Incident
- Serbian revolt
- Greek revolt
- Bulgarian revolt
- Arab revolt
- Atçalı Kel Mehmet
- 31 March Incident
- Babıali raid
Diplomacy
Lists
- List of the Ottoman battles in which the sultan participated
- List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman wars in Europe
- List of Ottoman sieges and landings
- List of cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire
- Campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent
- List of campaigns of Mehmed the Conqueror
- Mosques commissioned by the Ottoman dynasty
- List of Ottoman titles and appellations
- Ports of the Ottoman Empire
See also
Notes
- ↑ Gabor Agostaon-Bruce Masters:Encyclopaedia of the Ottoman Empire, ISBN 081606259-5, p.XXV1
- ↑ Only vassal khans after 1478
- ↑ Piri Reis can also be classified within the scientists subsection
- ↑ Seydi Ali Reis can also be classified within the authors subsection
- ↑ For Balyan Family see subsection Some families
- ↑ Factuality of the Ahmet Çelebi and hasan çelebi is disputable
External links
- Ottoman Text Archive Project – University of Washington
- Ottoman Empire in The Oxford Dictionary of Islam
- The Ottoman Empire: Resources – University of Michigan
- The Ottoman Empire: A Chronological Outline
- World Civilizations: The Ottomans A comprehensive site that covers much about the Ottoman state and government
- Ottoman History Podcast An internet radio broadcast dedicated to the history, culture and society of the Ottoman Empire and Middle East
- Turkish Oral Narrative
- The Online Bibliography of Ottoman-Turkish Literature A bi-lingual site (English version) presenting a user-submissable database of references to theses, books, articles, papers and research-projects
- Osmanlı Edebiyatı Çalışmaları Bibliyografyası Veritabanı Turkish version of The Online Bibliography of Ottoman-Turkish Literature
- Information about Ottomans
- Forced population transfers in early Ottoman imperial policy PDF (566 KB) – covers the period 1300–1600
- The Sakıp Sabancı Collection of Ottoman Calligraphy
- Ottomans History Blog
- Turkey in the First World War
- Ottoman Navy and Navigation
- Engravings of Ottoman Empire – HQ image gallery
- Ottoman Studies Resources in Internet
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