Portuguese presidential election, 2006

Portuguese presidential election, 2006

22 January 2006

Turnout 61,53%   Candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva Manuel Alegre Mário Soares Party PSD Independent PS Popular vote 2,773,431 1,138,297 785,355 Percentage 50.5% 20.7% 14.3%   Candidate Jerónimo de Sousa Francisco Louçã António Garcia Pereira Party Communist BE PCTP/MRPP Popular vote 8.64% 5.32% 0.44%

President before election Jorge Sampaio PS President-elect Aníbal Cavaco Silva PSD

The Portuguese presidential election were held on 22 January 2006 to elect a successor to the incumbent President Jorge Sampaio, who was term-limited from running for a third consecutive term by the Constitution of Portugal. The result was a victory in the first round for Aníbal Cavaco Silva of the Social Democratic Party candidate, the former Prime Minister, won 50.54 percent of the vote in the first round, just over the majority required to avoid a runoff election. Voter turnout was 61.53 percent for eligible voters.

Procedure

Any Portuguese citizen over 35 years old has the opportunity to run for president. In order to do so it is necessary to gather between 7500 and 15000 signatures and submit them to the Portuguese Constitutional Court.

According to the Portuguese Constitution, to be elected, a candidate needs a majority (50% + 1). If no candidate gets this majority there will take place a second round between the two most voted candidates.

Political context

In the presidential election of 14 January 2001, the outgoing Socialist Jorge Sampaio was re-elected in the first round with 55% of votes. Because he was term-limited, he was forbidden, by the Constitution, to run for a third consecutive term.

In the parliamentary elections of 20 February 2005, the Socialist Party, led by José Sócrates, won for the first time in its history an absolute majority of seats, while the Social Democratic Party led by Prime Minister Pedro Santana Lopes fell below 30%, their worst result since 1983.

To cope with the bad fiscal situation, the government introduced a policy of fiscal restraint, combining higher taxes, lower public treatments and privatization. This policies were not popular and as a result, the Socialists were defeated in the local elections on 9 October 2005. In the follow up for the presidential elections, the Socialists decided to nominate their former secretary-general, Mário Soares, President of the Republic between 1986 and 1996. This decision divided the party, which led Manuel Alegre, a member of the party parliamentary group, to announce his candidature as an independent. The Social Democratic Party opted to support their former leader Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Prime Minister from 1985 to 1995, and presidential candidate defeated in 1996.

Candidates

Thirteen citizens sought election officially, but only six gathered the 7,500 signatures required under the constitution to be a candidate in the poll:

Official candidates

• Manuel Alegre, a Socialist Party politician who ran without the official backing of his party;
• Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Prime Minister from 1985 to 1995, supported by the Social Democratic Party and by the People's Party;
• Francisco Louçã, coordinator of the political commission of the Left Bloc;
• Garcia Pereira, Secretary-General of the PCTP/MRPP;
• Mário Soares, President from 1986 to 1996, the official candidate of the Socialist Party; and
• Jerónimo de Sousa, Secretary-General of the Portuguese Communist Party, also supported by the Ecologist Party "The Greens".

All the candidates except for Cavaco Silva are considered to be from the Portuguese political left.

Unsuccessful candidacies

The other potential candidates who, according to the Constitutional Court, did not gather enough signatures, were:

• Josué Rodrigues Gonçalo Pedro;
• Luís Filipe Guerra, leader of the Humanist Party;
• Teresa Lameiro;
• Manuela Magno, nuclear physicist;
• Carmelinda Pereira, leader of the Workers Party of Socialist Unity (POUS);
• Luís Botelho Ribeiro; and
• Diamantino da Silva;

Opinion polling

Date(s) administered	Poll source	Sample size							Others	Lead
			Cavaco PSD, CDS-PP	Soares PS	Alegre Ind.	Sousa PCP	Louçã BE	Pereira PCTP
22 January 2006	Election Results	N/A	50.5	14.3	20.7	8.6	5.3	0.4	—	29.8 over Alegre
15–18 Jan	Marktest	1,416	53.0	12.4	20.6	7.0	6.5	0.5	—	32.4 over Alegre
15–18 Jan	Eurosondagem	3,058	53.0	16.9	16.2	7.2	5.8	0.9	—	36.1 over Soares
15–18 Jan	Aximage	1,003	52.5	15.4	19.5	6.5	5.5	0.8	—	33.0 over Alegre
14–15 Jan	UCP-CESOP	1,003	52.0	15.0	19.0	7.0	6.0	1.0	—	33.0 over Alegre
12–15 Jan	Marktest	812	54.6	13.1	18.4	6.6	6.4	0.8		36.2 over Alegre
9–11 Jan	Marktest	608	56.8	12.8	15.6	7.8	6.5	0.4		41.2 over Alegre
9–11 Jan	Pitagórica	605	54.7	12.4	15.9	8.7	7.1	1.3	—	38.8 over Alegre
9–11 Jan	Intercampus	1,010	52.4	17.0	17.4	6.9	5.8	0.4	—	35.0 over Alegre
4–7 Jan	Marktest	608	61.0	14.3	11.5	6.9	6.1	0.3		46.7 over Soares
3–5 Jan	Aximage	570	61.0	15.0	11.0	4.0	7.0	1.0		46.0 over Soares
3–4 Jan	UCP-CESOP	815	60.0	13.0	16.0	7.0	4.0	0.0		44.0 over Alegre
2006
11–14 Dec	Eurosondagem	2,069	55.5	20.4	12.5	5.7	4.8	1.1		35.1 over Soares
30 Nov–2 Dec	Aximage	560	58.0	17.0	14.0	6.0	5.0	0.0		41.0 over Soares
25 Nov–1 Dec	GEMEO/IPAM	600	63.0	15.0	16.0	3.0	3.0	0.0		47.0 over Alegre
20–24 Nov	Intercampus	1,001	57.0	15.0	17.0	6.0	5.0	0.0		40.0 over Alegre
21–22 Nov	UCP-CESOP	805	57.0	16.0	17.0	5.0	4.0	1.0		40.0 over Alegre
15–19 Nov	Marktest	801	56.0	13.0	19.0	6.0	6.0	0.0		37.0 over Alegre
7–8 Nov	Aximage	544	58.0	12.0	19.0	6.0	4.0	1.0		39.0 over Alegre
3–8 Nov	Eurosondagem	1,577	52.6	18.0	16.9	5.6	6.2	0.6		34.6 over Soares
18–21 Oct	Marktest	805	58.0	12.0	16.0	5.0	6.0	2.0		42.0 over Alegre
17–19 Oct	Aximage	582	62.0	11.0	17.0	4.0	3.0	2.0		45.0 over Alegre
2005

Results

Candidate receiving most votes, per district (Azores and Madeira not shown)

Summary of the 22 January 2006 Portuguese presidential election results

Candidates		Supporting parties	First round
			Votes	%
	Aníbal Cavaco Silva	Social Democratic Party, People's Party	2,773,431	50.54
	Manuel Alegre	Independent	1,138,297	20.74
	Mário Soares	Socialist Party	785,355	14.31
	Jerónimo de Sousa	Portuguese Communist Party, Ecologist Party "The Greens"	474,083	8.64
	Francisco Louçã	Left Bloc	292,198	5.32
	António Garcia Pereira	Workers' Communist Party	23,983	0.44
Total valid			5,487,347	100.00
Blank ballots			59,636	1.07
Invalid ballots			43,149	0.77
Total (turnout 61.53%)			5,590,132
Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições

Vote share 1st Round
Aníbal Cavaco Silva			50.54%
Manuel Alegre			20.74%
Mário Soares			14.31%
Jerónimo de Sousa			8.64%
Francisco Louçã			5.32%
António Garcia Pereira			0.44%
Blank/Invalid			1.84%
Abstencion			38.47%

See also

• President of Portugal
• Portugal
• Politics of Portugal

External links

• Portuguese Electoral Commission
• Official results site, Portuguese Justice Ministry
• NSD: European Election Database - Portugal publishes regional level election data; allows for comparisons of election results, 1990–2010