Post (Björk album)

Post
A brunette woman, wearing a jacket in the shape of an envelope, with her hair moved by the air, looking at you with a deep sight, is in front of a big variety of pictures principally coloured pink, orange and blue, some of them have Chinese characters and figures of animals.
Studio album by Björk
Released 13 June 1995 (1995-06-13)
Recorded 1994 – April 1995
Studio Compass Point Studios, the Bahamas
Genre
Length 46:10
Label
Producer
Björk chronology
The Best Mixes from the Album Debut...
(1994)		 Post
(1995)		 Telegram
(1996)
Singles from Post
  1. "Army of Me"
    Released: 24 April 1995
  2. "Isobel"
    Released: 14 August 1995
  3. "It's Oh So Quiet"
    Released: 13 November 1995
  4. "Hyperballad"
    Released: 12 February 1996
  5. "Possibly Maybe"
    Released: 28 October 1996
  6. "I Miss You"
    Released: 17 February 1997

Post is a studio album by Icelandic recording artist Björk. The album was released in June 1995 through One Little Indian in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States. Unlike her previous release Debut —which was co-produced by "Wild Bunch" member Nellee Hooper—, Post is characterized by further collaborative efforts, including production by Hooper, 808 State's Graham Massey, and trip hop pioneer Tricky, among others.

Known for its eclecticism, Post built on the electronic-pop blueprint of Debut, but incorporated various other musical styles including IDM, big band, trip hop and ambient. The album, a reflection of Björk's new life in London, features songs she wrote after moving to England and intends to convey the fast-pace and urban culture of the city, deviating from the themes of its predecessor. It also centres on the contemporary styles of London club culture, with which the singer had established close ties.

The album was a commercial success and received widespread critical acclaim from the specialized press, charting at number two in the United Kingdom and 32 in the United States. The album was certified gold in New Zealand and Sweden, and platinum in Australia, Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. Six singles were released from Post: "Army of Me", "Isobel", "It's Oh So Quiet", "Hyperballad", "Possibly Maybe" and "I Miss You"; with three of them charting in the British top 10. Post is now considered one of the greatest representatives of Björk's integration of experimentation and popular music, and one of the greatest albums of the decade and, occasionally, of all time.

Background and production

"I've moved from Iceland to England and all the songs are written since then. So they're all written with in mind that many people are going to hear them. They're not shy and introvert, they're more sort of conscious and more confident. Because it's the girl who leaves home and tries out all these brand new things she hasn't done before. [...] She's figuring out there are more people out there who feel like her. It's definitely a brave album but at the same time it's a bit scary. Post is more scary than Debut cause I'm definitely jumping off more cliffs this time."

— Björk, ZTV, 1995.[1]

The production of Björk's previous studio album, Debut, had been "long and laborious", as it implied realizing her compositional ideas from the past ten years in a creatively autonomous fashion.[2] Thus, after Debut's release in 1993, she found a new freedom to concentrate on her present life for new musical clues for her following album.[2] Björk once again contacted Nellee Hooper to produce the album.[2] He initially refused, encouraging her to produce the album herself, but agreed on her insistance.[3] Nonetheless, Björk also insisted on co-producing the album herself and enlisting other producers because, "to make it stay fresh, she had to think about other people being involved."[3] With Hooper's confirmation, Björk decided to commence work on the album almost immediately, and it was determined that they would record the album in the Bahamas' legendary Compass Point Studios.[3] The picturesque locale inspired the singer to meld the recording process with their exotic natural environment; biographer Mark Pytlik writes: "The tales surrounding these recording sessions are appropriately evocative."[4] For example, Rolling Stone wrote that for her vocals, "Björk extended her mic cord to a beach so she could sing to the sea."[5] Whatsmore, "Cover Me" was recorded entirely from a nearby cave.[4]

For the record, Björk incorporated songs she had left over from her Manchester sessions with 808 State's Graham Massey, which had preceded the recording sessions for Debut.[4] These included "Army of Me" and "The Modern Things", which had become live staples over the summer, and thus did not need to go through important transformations at Compass Point.[4] Massey recalls: "[With "Army of Me"] we wanted to try something that was quite hard and techno-y. I'm not sure how she wrote those lyrics so fast but I remember that song being almost instantaneous. [...] We kind of knocked that off in one day and then started on "The Modern Things" the same day and finished that the next."[4] Despite the completion of the Bahamian sessions, Björk continued to compose songs; that is the case of "Isobel", which was worked out while Björk was visiting Reykjavík for Christmas, before bringing it back to Hooper's studio.[6] "Isobel" marked Icelandic poet Sjón's first collaboration as a songwriter, who has frequently written lyrics for Björk ever since.[7]

Intrigued by his work as part of Massive Attack and later by his debut Maxinquaye, Björk also asked trip hop pioneer Tricky to participate in the album.[6] An admirer of the singer's voice, Tricky agreed, albeit with one condition: he would work in two tracks of her album if Björk gave her two vocals for his album.[6] Their meeting resulted in the songs "Enjoy" and "Headphones". Although the album was supposed to be delivered the day after she returned from the Bahamas, Björk felt it was not yet complete and decided to continue its production back in London.[8] She thus enlisted a new team of engineers and programmers, and spent the next months "tweaking, rearranging, and sometimes completely rerecording her pre-existing tracks."[8] Ultimately, it was the inclusion of more "real" instruments that "resuscitated Post for Björk," creating a balance between synthetic and organic.[8]

The track that suffered the most drastic change was "I Miss You", an old song from the Debut era, due to the input of Howie Bernstein (a protégé of Hooper and an aspiring programmer), who gave the song its "Latin-tinged [rhythm]".[9] Back in London, Björk contacted "old standby" Talvin Singh to record additional percussion parts for it.[9] Fellow former Sugarcubes member Einar Örn Benediktsson was also enlisted, to play the trumpet in "Enjoy".[10] Although he had not been doing music for a long time, Brazilian composer Eumir Deodato immediately agreed to participate in the album after Björk's request.[9] The singer decided to contact him after having been impressed by his arrangements for a rare Milton Nascimento song called "Travessia".[9] Deodato's presence as composer and conductor "immediately bolstered" "Hyperballad", "You've Been Flirting Again" and "Isobel".[11] The addition of strings, brass and percussion elements gave Post the balance Björk felt her original recordings had lacked.[11] By the time the album was finished in April 1995, the list of co-producers included Björk, Hooper, Bernstein, Massey and Tricky.[11]

Release

Post is officially considered to be the second solo album, but technically this is the third album if to bear in mind her 1977 juvenilia release.[12][13][14]

Post was initially released on CD, cassette, vinyl and MiniDisc. In addition, Post was available for a limited time in the UK and Europe as a digipak with an extended lyric booklet and poster, or as a digipak contained in a clear PVC wallet (with a strap to carry it). The album was released for a limited time in the UK as a cassette in similar packaging. Post was also available for a limited time on pink vinyl. In 2000, the album was made available on 180g heavyweight vinyl and in 2008, One Little Indian reissued the album on DMM 200g heavyweight vinyl. In the same year, Post was made available on CD as a vinyl replica. The album was re-released in 2006 as a DualDisc including new DTS 96/24 5.1-channel surround sound mixes and the album's music videos, available separately or as part of the box set.[15]

The initial CD run contained a sample from Scanner on the song "Possibly Maybe". However, permission was not granted for authorised use of the sample and Scanner refused a sizable payoff days leading up to the release. Legalities were still ongoing on the release date, but on 17 June, (just five days into the release) the CDs and cassettes were withdrawn from sale through all retailers. NME reported that an estimated 350,000 CDs (containing the sample) were sold. A second version without the sample was speedily duplicated and available for sale the following week. Pulling the CDs from sale resulted in the album only making number 2 on the UK Albums Chart.

Composition

Style and influences

"On Post she uncovers a range of specific sounds—not broad styles—that best express her emotions and color her arrangements. With little awe or irony, Björk blends these recognizable scraps and otherworldly snippets into a striking pattern of her own design, making Post an album that’s post-everything but akin to nothing else."

— Lorraine Ali, Rolling Stone, 1995.[16]

Björk's official website described Post as follows: "[it came] as a bit of a bolder side of [the singer], who now had ventured all the way from Iceland to England, and was exploring the faster pace and big city life that this new country brought. This album became influenced of that and became more adventurous and club-friendly as a contrast to the shy first album, Debut."[1] Likewise, guardian.com wrote that "Post tapped into the vortex of multicultural energy that was mid-90s London, where she had relocated and where strange hybrids such as jungle and trip-hop were bubbling."[17] Noted for its eclectic nature,[18] Björk herself has described Post as "musically promiscuous" and "spastic".[19] It is considered by some to be the "quintessential Björk" release, due to its protean form — more than any of her albums —, and its "wide emotional palette".[20] While the album is recognized as an experimental work, it is also characterized by its accessibility and pop framework.[21] NME's Emily Mackay defined the album as a "glossy, future-focused avant-pop wonderland."[22]

Referred to as a "genre roulette" by the San Francisco Chronicle,[10] Post touches on various musical styles, including industrial music,[23] big-band jazz, trip-hop, chillout,[23] and experimental music.[24] When asked if this variety of genres was intentional, Björk replied: "Yes, I'm very aware of that. I've got very many sides to me. To be honest, I think everyone has got a thousand sides to them. It's called being human. Nature gave us that kinda complexity. Most people pretend they're only one thing—like : "cool" or "intelligent" or "stupid" or "caring". But I think everyone are all of these things, including me."[25] She recognises Post as darker and more agressive than Debut, featuring themes of independence, strength and instinct throughout the songs.[25] In a 1997 interview, the singer said Post: "[is] a bit like the Tin Tin books. Sort of Tin Tin goes to Congo. Tin Tin goes to Tibet. So it's all these different flavors, me sort of trying all these different things on."[26]

Part of the album's innovation was the singer's further embrace of electronic instrumentation, an interest established in Debut, which featured mechanical dance numbers such as "Violently Happy" and "Big Time Sensuality".[20] It is said that Post "melded alternative dance and electronic with a graceful flow".[27] While the "distant echoes" of IDM and trip-hop were present in Debut, Post is characterized by the singer's fuller incorporation of these genres.[28] With Post, Björk took "the London clubland melting pot of [its predecessor]", but pushed its production and beats to the fore, "adding influence from all over the world."[22] According to Stereogum, the album "had enough Debut-era dance-pop in it that it still sounded like the work of the same person," but also "blew Björk’s previously-established sound out into something way, way bigger and more impressive."[21]

The Rolling Stone review stated that Björk: "[foraged] for inspiration in the soundscapes of orchestrated jazz, ambient techno and classical."[16] Influences of jazz fusion were also noted by the The New York Times.[29] According to i-D, Post "couldn't have existed without Aphex Twin, Black Dog, A Guy Called Gerald, LFO and all the other producers who reshaped the language of music since 1988."[30] In 1996, when asked about the album's musical influences, Björk stated:

I'm influenced by everything. By books, by the weather, by the water, by my shoes, if they're comfortable or not. Everything. One of it is music, but I think it is very important with people who are dealing with making music that they are not only influenced by music. And I find it very sad when you find a record, and it says on [it]: "this record was inspired by Miles Davis." Because it's like making... If you make a film, you don't make a film about a film, you make a film about real life. And you wouldn't sit down and write a book about a book, it's like recycling, it misses the point. And music isn't brilliant unless it goes beyond the point of being music and becomes real life. So I'm influenced by real life. And when people listen to my music and say "Oh, I can see great influence from this artist in there", I read that and I say "Okay, I didn't succeed". But if people listen to my music and say "Oh, this made me feel like this and that [...]", that's right. It should be beyond style, beyond influence, it should be about pure emotion, and real life.[31]

Songs

The album opener, "Army of Me", as well as "The Modern Things", was written by Björk and Graham Massey before Debut was recorded.[19] Another track, "Karvel" was also recorded and appeared later on the "I Miss You" single and on the compilation Family Tree. "Army of Me", dealing with getting on with life and stopping complaining, was written to her brother.[19] "Hyperballad" was inspired by a dream, and is about how a person hides their destructive nature from their partner and releases their aggression by "throwing little things off" a cliff.[32] "The Modern Things", which describes technology taking over the world, concluding "it's their time now", was written in response to people's fear of the rise of "soulless" technology.[33] "Isobel", described by Björk as a "mythical song", was written with frequent collaborator Sjón.[19] Part of a sequence of songs including "Human Behaviour" on Debut and "Bachelorette" on Homogenic, "Isobel" deals with a woman who is "married to herself" and has isolated herself from modern life.[34] "Possibly Maybe" was written about Björk's failed relationship with Stéphane Sednaoui ("Where's that love you promised me? Where is it?"),[35] while "I Miss You" deals with falling in love with someone not yet met ("I miss you but I haven't met you yet").[36] "Cover Me", written for Hooper, is about "how dangerous I [Björk] manage...to make album making. And trying to lure him [Hooper] in" ("This is really dangerous...I'm going to prove the impossible really exists").[19] "Headphones" was written to Graham Massey as a thank you for his mixtapes, as well as being "a love letter to sound. The sound of sound."[19]

Title and artwork

Björk named the album Post for two reasons. First, she saw Debut and Post as a series; the songs on Debut were written before her move to England, while the songs on Post were written after moving to England and dealt with her experiences there.[37] Second, she saw the album as posting her feelings ("for me, all the songs on the album are like saying, 'listen, this is how I'm going'").[38] The white shirt with blue and red markings that Björk wears on the cover is an allusion to the Union Flag bordering on a British Royal Mail airmail envelope, thus giving Post an additional meaning of "mail".

Originally, a photograph shot by Jean Baptiste Mondino, who shot the cover photograph for Debut, featuring Björk surrounded by silver balls, her tongue extended towards a falling ball, was chosen for Post's cover image. This idea was later scrapped.[39] Paul White of Me Company thought of surrounding Björk with a castle structure made of giant postcards, representing the communication with her friends and relatives via the post. During the shoot (in a street in London), the photographer Stephane Sednaoui decided to hang the cards, giving them more movement and lightness. The booklet and packaging were designed by long-time collaborator Me Company, who were also responsible for the artwork on the album's singles. Orange featured heavily in the album's artwork, as White felt the colour matched the album's personality. The typeface used for Björk's logo during the Post and Debut eras was a modified version of DIN, which is used on German road signs. Martin Gardiner modelled the lotus flower used in the album's booklet and packaging, while the jacket Björk wears on the cover of Post, crafted from envelope paper called Tyvek, was designed by Hussein Chalayan, who Björk modelled for in September 1995.[40]

Promotion

Main article: Post Tour

Björk promoted Post heavily, appearing on various television programs including Later... with Jools Holland and Top of the Pops, and in print. In addition, the album was promoted through posters, magazine advertisements, etc.

Björk toured Post from July 1995 to February 1997.[41] The tour covered the USA, the UK, much of Europe, Asia, Oceania, Israel and Brazil. The last gig of the tour, at Shepherd's Bush Empire in London, was filmed and released on VHS and DVD.

Singles

"Army of Me", the album's opening track, was released as Post's leading single on 21 April 1995. It debuted at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming her first UK Top 10 single. Although it dropped out of the Top 20 the next week, "Army of Me" remained in the Top 75 for five weeks.[42] "Isobel" was released as the album's second single on 14 August of the same year. Less commercially successful than "Army of Me", it debuted at number 23 on the UK Singles Chart, remaining in the Top 75 for three weeks.[42] "It's Oh So Quiet" was released as a novelty Christmas single on 13 November 1995. Spending a total of fifteen weeks in the UK Top 75, it peaked at number 4 and spent eight weeks in the Top 10.[42] It became her biggest worldwide hit, peaking at No. 6 in Australia[43] and No. 109 in the US. "Hyperballad" was released as the album's fourth single on 12 February 1996. Some regions also included a double A-side single with the song "Enjoy", although it only received a number of promo remixes.[44][45] Building on the success of "It's Oh So Quiet", the single debuted at No. 8 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming her third and last UK Top 10 single. While "Hyperballad" dropped out of the Top 20 the next week, it remained in the Top 75 for a month.[42] "Possibly Maybe" was released as Post's fifth single on 12 October 1996. It debuted at No. 13 on the UK Singles Chart, spending three weeks in the UK Top 75.[46] "I Miss You" was released as Post's sixth and final single on 24 February 1997. Although it hit No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart, it debuted at No. 36 on the UK Singles Chart, spending two weeks in the Top 75.[42]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[24]
Chicago Tribune[47]
Entertainment WeeklyA+[48]
Los Angeles Times[49]
NME7/10[50]
Q[51]
Rolling Stone[16]
Slant Magazine[52]
Spin8/10[53]
The Village VoiceC+[54]

Post was generally acclaimed by music critics. All Music Guide gave the album four-and-a-half stars, saying "the pressure was on Björk to surpass that album's (Debut) creative, tantalizing electronic pop. She has more than delivered with 1995's Post." Rolling Stone gave Post four stars, concluding "When Post comes to an end, it feels like getting back from a good vacation: the last thing you want to do is re-enter the real world."[16] Slant Magazine rewarded the album with five stars, concluding "Post will likely always remain the Björk album that most successfully sustains her winning balance of experimental whimsy and solid pop magic." The album was ranked number 26 in Spin's "100 Greatest Albums, 1985–2005" and number 7 in Spin's 90 best albums of the 1990s.[55] In 2003, it was ranked number 373 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. Furthermore, Post and Homogenic were placed back-to-back on Pitchfork's "Best of the 90s" list, at 20 and 21, respectively. In 2010, it appeared in Spin magazine's "125 Best Albums of the Past 25 Years" list, at number 75.[56] In 2011, Slant Magazine placed Post at number 2 in its 100 greatest 90s albums list.[57]

Legacy

Post is widely regarded as one of the greatest albums of 1995 and the 1990s in general.[58] The album increased the fame of the singer, aided by the success of the single "It's Oh So Quiet", "beyond the already huge number of fans roped in by Debut to the bemused tabloids with their pixie-puffin-easter stereotypes, and selling 400,000 copies in the UK."[22]

Slant considered it the second best album of the decade, behind Björk's Homogenic, writing it: "is [her] most scatterbrained work to date, but it's tied together flawlessly by the singer's singular whimsicality."[59] Celebrating the album's 20th anniversary, NME described it as: "a masterful matching of hard, up-to-the-minute beats with complex, personal lyrics about the rush and rage of being a modern urban woman."[22] David Longstreth of Dirty Projectors is an admirer of the record, stating he was influenced by Björk's deconstruction of classic melodies.[22]

In 2008, Stereogum released a compilation of cover versions in homage to the album, titled Enjoyed: A Tribute to Björk's Post.[60] It features Liars, Dirty Projectors, Xiu Xiu, High Places and Atlas Sound, among other artists.[60]

Accolades

The information regarding accolades attributed to Post is adapted from Acclaimed Music, except where otherwise noted.[58]

Publication Country Accolade Year Rank
Juice Australia The 50 Best Albums of All Time 1997 45
The 100 (+34) Greatest Albums of the 90s 1999 3
HUMO Belgium Albums of the Year 1995 10
Studio Brussel The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, Nominations 2015 *
Toronto Sun Canada The Best Albums from 1971 to 2000 2001 *
Hervé Bourhis France 555 Records 2007 *
Christophe Brault Top 20 Albums by Year 1964-2004 2006 12
FNAC The 1000 Best Albums of All Time 2008 246
Les Inrockuptibles Albums of the Year 1995 *
Magic 25
Rocksound 30
Gilles Verlant 300+ Best Albums in the History of Rock 2013 *
Musik Express/Sounds Germany Albums of the Year 1995 1
Rolling Stone The Best Albums of 5 Decades 1997 101
RoRoRo Rock-Lexicon Most Recommended Albums 2003 *
Spex Albums of the Year 1995 12
Giannis Petridis Greece 2004 of the Best Albums of the Century 2003 *
Sentire Ascoltare Italy The 35 Best Rock Albums of the 1990s 2014 25
OOR Netherlands Albums of the Year 1995 34
Screenagers Poland Top 100 Albums of the 90s 2005 24
Rockdelux Spain Albums of the Year 1995 6
The 300 (+200) Best Albums from 1984-2014 2014 112
Pop Sweden Albums of the Year 1995 8
Face United Kingdom 24
Melody Maker 48
Mixmag 17
Mojo 17
The 100 Greatest Albums of Our Lifetime 1993-2006 2006 53
Gary Mulholland 261 Greatest Albums Since Punk and Disco *
NME Albums of the Year 1995 35
Nominations For the Best Albums of the 1990s 2012 *
No Ripcord Top Albums 1990-1999 2013 35
Select Albums of the Year 1995 31
The Wire *
Barnes & Noble United States The Best Music of the 20th Century 1999 *
Consequence of Sound Top 100 Albums Ever 2010 79
Elvis Costello 500 Albums You Need 2000 *
Entertainment Weekly The 100 All-Time Greatest Albums 2013 78
Fast 'n' Bulbous The 1000 Best Albums of All Time 2015 568
Tom Moon 1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die 2008 *
Music Underwater Top 100 Albums 1990-2003 2004 72
Nude as the News The 100 Most Compelling Albums of the 90s 1999 15
Los Angeles Times Albums of the Year 1995 7
Paste The 90 Best Albums of the 1990s 2012 64
Pause & Play The 90s Top 100 Essential Albums 1999 11
Pitchfork Media Top 100 Favorite Records of the 1990s 1999 35
2003 20
Popblerd/bLISTerd Top 100 Albums of the 1990s 2012 78
Rolling Stone Albums of the Year 1995 8
The Essential Recordings of the 90s 1999 *
50 Essential Female Albums 2002 43
The 100 Greatest Albums of the 90s 2010 81
Women Who Rock: 50 Greatest Albums 2012 38
The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time 2012 376
SheWired The 100 Greatest Lesbian Albums of All Time 2011 63
Slant The 100 Best Albums of the 1990s 2011 2
Spin Albums of the Year 1995 13
Top 90 Albums of the 90s 1999 7
Top 100 Albums of the Last 20 Years 2005 26
The 125 Best Albums of the Past 25 Years 2010 75
The 300 Best Albums of the Past 30 Years 2015 69
Treble Top 100 Albums of the 90s (10 per Year) 2008 3
Vibe 100 Essential Albums of the 20th Century 1999 *
(*) designates lists that are unordered.

Track listing

No. TitleWriter(s)Producer(s) Length
1. "Army of Me"  
  • Björk
  • Graham Massey
  • Björk
  • Graham Massey
  • Nellee Hooper
 3:54
2. "Hyperballad"  Björk
  • Björk
  • Nellee Hooper
 5:21
3. "The Modern Things"  
  • Björk
  • Graham Massey
  • Björk
  • Graham Massey
  • Nellee Hooper
 4:10
4. "It's Oh So Quiet"  
  • Björk
  • Nellee Hooper
 3:38
5. "Enjoy"  
  • Björk
  • Tricky
  • Björk
  • Tricky
 3:57
6. "You've Been Flirting Again"  BjörkBjörk 2:29
7. "Isobel"  
  • Björk
  • Marius de Vries
  • Nellee Hooper
  • Sjón
  • Björk
  • Nellee Hooper
 5:47
8. "Possibly Maybe"  Björk
  • Björk
  • Nellee Hooper
 5:06
9. "I Miss You"  
  • Björk
  • Howie Bernstein
 4:03
10. "Cover Me"  BjörkBjörk 2:06
11. "Headphones"  
  • Björk
  • Tricky
  • Björk
  • Tricky
 5:40

Charts and certifications

Charts

Chart (1995) Peak
Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)[61] 2
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)[62] 13
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)[63] 5
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)[64] 3
Canadian Albums (RPM)[65] 4
Danish Albums (Hitlisten)[66] 4
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)[67] 5
European Top 100[68] 2
Finnish Albums (Musiikkituottajat)[69] 9
French Albums (SNEP)[70] 6
German Albums (Media Control)[71] 6
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ)[72] 34
Irish Albums (IRMA)[73] 10
Japanese Albums (Oricon)[74] 26
New Zealand Albums (RIANZ)[75] 4
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[76] 4
Portuguese Albums (AFP)[77] 6
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[78] 2
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)[79] 5
UK Albums (OCC)[80] 2
US Billboard 200[81] 32

Certifications

Region Certification Sales/shipments
Australia (ARIA)[82] Platinum 70,000
Canada (Music Canada)[83] Platinum 100,000
New Zealand (RMNZ)[84] Gold 7,500
Sweden (GLF)[85] Gold 50,000
United Kingdom (BPI)[86] Platinum 300,000
United States (RIAA)[87] Platinum 846,000[88]
Summaries
Europe (IFPI)[89] Platinum 1,000,000

*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
xunspecified figures based on certification alone

Personnel

  • Björk – vocals, producer, arranger, keyboards, organ, string arrangements, brass arrangements, beat programming
  • John Altman – orchestra arrangements, conductor
  • Gary Barnacle – soprano sax
  • Howie Bernstein – producer, programming, engineer, mixing
  • Stuart Brooks – trumpet
  • Jim Couza – hammer dulcimer
  • Einar Orn – trumpet
  • Eumir Deodato – string arrangements, conductor
  • Marcus Dravs – programming, engineer, mixing
  • Al Fisch – engineer
  • Lenny Franchi – programming, engineer
  • Martin Gardiner – lotus flower modelling
  • Isobel Griffiths – orchestral contractor
  • Nellee Hooper – producer
  • Graham Massey – producer, keyboards, programming
  • Me Company – artwork packaging design
  • Maurice Murphy – trumpet
  • Tony Pleeth – cello
  • Steve Price – engineer
  • Stéphane Sednaoui – photography
  • Guy Sigsworth – harpsichord
  • Talvin Singh – percussion
  • Rob Smissen – viola
  • Mark "Spike" Stent – mixing
  • Al Stone – engineer
  • Tricky – producer, keyboards, programming
  • Marius de Vries – keyboards, programming
  • Gavin Wright – orchestra leader

Notes

  1. 1 2 "Albums: Post". bjork.com. Archived from the original on 5 May 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 Pytlik, 2003. p.87
  3. 1 2 3 Pytlik, 2003. p.88
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Pytlik, 2003. p.89
  5. ↑ "500 Greatest Albums of All Time: Björk, 'Post'". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 Pytlik, 2003. p.90
  7. ↑ "GH&FT special : Isobel". bjork.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2005. Retrieved 8 January 2005.
  8. 1 2 3 Pytlik, 2003. p.91
  9. 1 2 3 4 Pytlik, 2003. p.92
  10. 1 2 Snyder, Michael (2 July 1995). "Björk lives up to debut with ‘Post’". San Francisco Chronicle (Hearst Corporation). Available at bjork.fr
  11. 1 2 3 Pytlik, 2003. p.94
  12. ↑ "Björk" (Press release). New York: Elektra Entertainment. May 1995. Retrieved 2016-04-08. Debut, her first international solo album
  13. ↑ Pytlik, Mark (2003). Björk: Wow And Flutter. London: Aurum Press. p. 81. ISBN 1-85410-960-X. The cover of her second album, Post
  14. ↑ Lester, Paul (1996). Björk: The Illustrated Story. London: Hamlyn. p. 72. ISBN 0-600-59067-4. ‘Army Of Me’... the first release to be taken from her second solo album proper, ‘Post’
  15. ↑ "Official Björk Discography". Bjork.com.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Ali, Lorraine (2 February 1998). "Post". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  17. ↑ Reynolds, Simon (4 July 2011). "Is Björk the last great pop innovator?". guardian.com. Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
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  73. ↑ "Hits of the World – Portugal". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 29 July 1995. p. 41. Retrieved 17 July 2012.
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  82. ↑ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1995 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association.
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  84. ↑ "New Zealand album certifications – Bjork – Post". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
  85. ↑ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
  86. ↑ "British album certifications – Bjork – Post". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 16 July 2012. Enter Post in the field Keywords. Select Title in the field Search by. Select album in the field By Format. Select Platinum in the field By Award. Click Search
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