Potassium peroxymonosulfate

Potassium peroxymonosulfate

Names
IUPAC name Potassium peroxysulfate
Other names Caroat Oxone potassium monopersulfate MPS
Identifiers
CAS Number	10058-23-8 37222-66-5 (triple salt, see text)
ChemSpider	8053100
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	11804954
InChI InChI=1S/K.H2O5S/c;1-5-6(2,3)4/h;1H,(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 Key: OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-M InChI=1S/K.H2O4S/c;1-4-5(2)3/h;1H,(H,2,3)/q+1;/p-1 Key: GZHFEBOLZPYNER-UHFFFAOYSA-M InChI=1/K.H2O5S/c;1-5-6(2,3)4/h;1H,(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 Key: OKBMCNHOEMXPTM-REWHXWOFAJ
SMILES [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OO
Properties
Chemical formula	KHSO5
Molar mass	152.2 g/mol (614.76 as triple salt)
Appearance	off-white powder
Solubility in water	decomposes
Hazards
Main hazards	Oxidant, Corrosive
Safety data sheet	Degussa Caroat MSDS
NFPA 704	[1] 0 3 1
Related compounds
Related compounds	Potassium persulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Potassium peroxymonosulfate (also known as MPS, potassium monopersulfate, and the trade names Caroat and Oxone) is widely used as an oxidizing agent. It is the potassium salt of peroxymonosulfuric acid.

The potassium salt is marketed by four companies: Arch Pool Chemicals(a subsidiary of Lonza Pharma Group), Evonik (formerly Degussa) under the trade name Caroat, DuPont under the trade name Oxone, and Hangzhou Focus Chemical Co., Ltd. It is a component of a triple salt with the formula 2KHSO₅·KHSO₄·K₂SO₄.^[2] The standard electrode potential for this compound is +2.51 V with a half reaction generating the hydrogen sulfate (pH=0).

HSO₅⁻ + 2 H⁺ + 2 e⁻ → HSO₄⁻ + H₂O

Reactions

MPS is a versatile oxidant. It oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids; in the presence of alcoholic solvents, the esters may be obtained.^[3] Internal alkenes may be cleaved to two carboxylic acids (see below), while terminal alkenes may be epoxidized. Thioethers give sulfones, tertiary amines give amine oxides, and phosphines give phosphine oxides.

Illustrative of the oxidation power of this salt is the conversion of an acridine derivative to the corresponding acridine-N-oxide.^[4]

MPS will also oxidize a thioether to a sulfone with 2 equivalents.^[5] With one equivalent the reaction converting sulfide to sulfoxide is much faster than that of sulfoxide to sulfone, so the reaction can conveniently be stopped at that stage if so desired.

MPS can also react with ketones to form dioxiranes, with the synthesis of dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) being representative. These are versalite oxidising agents and may be used for the epoxidation of olefins. In particular, if the starting ketone is chiral then the epoxide may be generated enantioselectively, this forms the basis of the Shi epoxidation.^[6]

Uses

Potassium peroxymonosulfate can be used in swimming pools to keep the water clear, thus allowing chlorine in pools to work to sanitize the water rather than clarify the water, resulting in less chlorine needed to keep pools clean.^[7] One of the drawbacks of using potassium peroxymonosulfate in pools is it can cause the common DPD #3 water test for combined chlorine to read incorrectly high.^[8]

References

1. "DuPont MSDS" (PDF).
2. "Oxone". Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS). "National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)".
3. Benjamin R. Travis, Meenakshi Sivakumar, G. Olatunji Hollist, and Babak Borhan (2003). "Facile Oxidation of Aldehydes to Acids and Esters with Oxone". Organic Letters 5 (7): 1031–4. doi:10.1021/ol0340078. PMID 12659566.
4. Thomas W. Bell, Young-Moon Cho, Albert Firestone, Karin Healy, Jia Liu, Richard Ludwig, and Scott D. Rothenberger (1993). "9-n-Butyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydroacridin-4-ol". Org. Synth.; Coll. Vol. 8, p. 87
5. James R. McCarthy, Donald P. Matthews, and John P. Paolini (1998). "Reaction of Sulfoxides with Diethylaminosulfur Trifluoride". Org. Synth.; Coll. Vol. 9, p. 446
6. Frohn, Michael; Shi, Yian (2000). "Chiral Ketone-Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidation of Olefins". Synthesis 2000 (14): 1979–2000. doi:10.1055/s-2000-8715.
7. "Benefits of Using a Non-Chlorine Shock Oxidizer Powered by DuPont Oxone" Dupont.com. Accessed July 2011.
8. "How to accurately measure chlorine levels in water shocked with potassium monopersulfate". Tech note from water test maker Taylor Technologies, originally appeared in Aquatics International. Accessed November 2011

External links

Applications

• DuPont Oxone Monopersulfate Compound Applications
• Potassium Monopersulfate – Article on precious metal extraction from distributor Green Controll

Technical

• DuPont Oxone Monopersulfate Compound Technical Information