Psychomotor retardation

Psychomotor retardation
Classification and external resources
ICD-9-CM 308.2
MeSH D011596

Psychomotor retardation (also known as "psychomotor impairment" or "motormental retardation") involves a slowing-down of thought and a reduction of physical movements in an individual. Psychomotor retardation can cause a visible slowing of physical and emotional reactions, including speech and affect.[1] This is most-commonly seen in people with major depression and in the depressed phase of bipolar disorder;[2] it is also associated with the adverse effects of certain drugs, such as benzodiazepines.[3] Particularly in an inpatient setting, psychomotor retardation may require increased nursing care to ensure adequate food and fluid intake and sufficient personal care. Informed consent for treatment is more difficult to achieve in the presence of this condition.

Causes

Examples

Examples of psychomotor retardation include the following:

In schizophrenia, mood may vary from psychomotor retardation to agitation; the patient will experience periods of lifelessness and may be unresponsive, and at the next moment be active and energetic.[5]

See also

References

  1. Tryon, W.W. 1991.Activity Measurement in Psychology and Medicine. Springer Publishing
  2. Buyukdura JS, McClintock SM, Croarkin PE (2011). "Psychomotor retardation in depression: biological underpinnings, measurement, and treatment". Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 35 (2): 395–409. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.10.019. PMC 3646325. PMID 21044654.
  3. Allgulander, C.; Bandelow, B.; Hollander, E.; Montgomery, SA.; Nutt, DJ.; Okasha, A.; Pollack, MH.; Stein, DJ.; et al. (Aug 2003). "WCA recommendations for the long-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder". CNS Spectr 8 (8 Suppl 1): 53–61. PMID 14767398.
  4. psychomotor-retardation, Retrieved 11th March 2016.
  5. Christopher D. Frith (1 January 1995). The cognitive neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Lawrence Erlbaum. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-86377-334-1. Retrieved 13 December 2010.
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