RRAS

Related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog
PDB rendering based on 2fn4.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2FN4​
Identifiers
Symbol	RRAS
External IDs	OMIM: 165090 MGI: 98179 HomoloGene: 4565 GeneCards: RRAS Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • GTPase activity • protein binding • GTP binding • GDP binding • protein complex binding Cellular component • intracellular • plasma membrane • focal adhesion • extracellular exosome Biological process • leukocyte differentiation • Ras protein signal transduction • synaptic transmission • axon guidance • negative regulation of cell migration • positive regulation of angiogenesis • regulation of protein kinase B signaling • face morphogenesis • regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6237	20130
Ensembl	ENSG00000126458	ENSMUSG00000038387
UniProt	P10301	P10833
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006270	NM_009101
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006261	NP_033127
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 49.64 – 49.64 Mb	Chr 7: 45.02 – 45.02 Mb
PubMed search

Ras-related protein R-Ras is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RRAS gene.^[1][2]

Interactions

RRAS has been shown to interact with:

• ARAF,^[3][4]
• Bcl-2,^[5]
• NCK1,^[6]
• RALGDS,^[7] and
• RASSF5.^[8]

References

1. Lowe DG, Capon DJ, Delwart E, Sakaguchi AY, Naylor SL, Goeddel DV (February 1987). "Structure of the human and murine R-ras genes, novel genes closely related to ras proto-oncogenes". Cell 48 (1): 137–46. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90364-3. PMID 3098437.
2. "Entrez Gene: RRAS related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog".
3. Yuryev A, Wennogle LP (February 2003). "Novel raf kinase protein-protein interactions found by an exhaustive yeast two-hybrid analysis". Genomics 81 (2): 112–25. doi:10.1016/s0888-7543(02)00008-3. PMID 12620389.
4. Yuryev A, Ono M, Goff SA, Macaluso F, Wennogle LP (July 2000). "Isoform-specific localization of A-RAF in mitochondria". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (13): 4870–8. doi:10.1128/mcb.20.13.4870-4878.2000. PMC 85938. PMID 10848612.
5. Fernandez-Sarabia MJ, Bischoff JR (November 1993). "Bcl-2 associates with the ras-related protein R-ras p23". Nature 366 (6452): 274–5. doi:10.1038/366274a0. PMID 8232588.
6. Wang B, Zou JX, Ek-Rylander B, Ruoslahti E (February 2000). "R-Ras contains a proline-rich site that binds to SH3 domains and is required for integrin activation by R-Ras". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (7): 5222–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.7.5222. PMID 10671570.
7. Spaargaren M, Bischoff JR (December 1994). "Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (26): 12609–13. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12609. PMC 45488. PMID 7809086.
8. Ortiz-Vega S, Khokhlatchev A, Nedwidek M, Zhang XF, Dammann R, Pfeifer GP, Avruch J (February 2002). "The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene 21 (9): 1381–90. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205192. PMID 11857081.

Further reading

• Carboni JM, Yan N, Cox AD, Bustelo X, Graham SM, Lynch MJ, Weinmann R, Seizinger BR, Der CJ, Barbacid M (1995). "Farnesyltransferase inhibitors are inhibitors of Ras but not R-Ras2/TC21, transformation". Oncogene 10 (10): 1905–13. PMID 7761092.
• Spaargaren M, Bischoff JR (1994). "Identification of the guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator for Ral as a putative effector molecule of R-ras, H-ras, K-ras, and Rap". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (26): 12609–13. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12609. PMC 45488. PMID 7809086.
• Fernandez-Sarabia MJ, Bischoff JR (1993). "Bcl-2 associates with the ras-related protein R-ras p23". Nature 366 (6452): 274–5. doi:10.1038/366274a0. PMID 8232588.
• Linnemann T, Geyer M, Jaitner BK, Block C, Kalbitzer HR, Wittinghofer A, Herrmann C (1999). "Thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of the interaction between the Ras binding domain of AF6 and members of the Ras subfamily". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (19): 13556–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.19.13556. PMID 10224125.
• Choy E, Chiu VK, Silletti J, Feoktistov M, Morimoto T, Michaelson D, Ivanov IE, Philips MR (1999). "Endomembrane trafficking of ras: the CAAX motif targets proteins to the ER and Golgi". Cell 98 (1): 69–80. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80607-8. PMID 10412982.
• Zou JX, Wang B, Kalo MS, Zisch AH, Pasquale EB, Ruoslahti E (1999). "An Eph receptor regulates integrin activity through R-Ras". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (24): 13813–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.24.13813. PMC 24147. PMID 10570155.
• Wang B, Zou JX, Ek-Rylander B, Ruoslahti E (2000). "R-Ras contains a proline-rich site that binds to SH3 domains and is required for integrin activation by R-Ras". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (7): 5222–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.7.5222. PMID 10671570.
• Suzuki J, Kaziro Y, Koide H (2000). "Positive regulation of skeletal myogenesis by R-Ras". Oncogene 19 (9): 1138–46. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203402. PMID 10713701.
• Ohba Y, Mochizuki N, Yamashita S, Chan AM, Schrader JW, Hattori S, Nagashima K, Matsuda M (2000). "Regulatory proteins of R-Ras, TC21/R-Ras2, and M-Ras/R-Ras3". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (26): 20020–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000981200. PMID 10777492.
• Yuryev A, Ono M, Goff SA, Macaluso F, Wennogle LP (2000). "Isoform-specific localization of A-RAF in mitochondria". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (13): 4870–8. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.13.4870-4878.2000. PMC 85938. PMID 10848612.
• Oertli B, Han J, Marte BM, Sethi T, Downward J, Ginsberg M, Hughes PE (2000). "The effector loop and prenylation site of R-Ras are involved in the regulation of integrin function". Oncogene 19 (43): 4961–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203876. PMID 11042683.
• Tian X, Feig LA (2001). "Basis for signaling specificity difference between Sos and Ras-GRF guanine nucleotide exchange factors". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (50): 47248–56. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107407200. PMID 11560935.
• Ortiz-Vega S, Khokhlatchev A, Nedwidek M, Zhang XF, Dammann R, Pfeifer GP, Avruch J (2002). "The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene 21 (9): 1381–90. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205192. PMID 11857081.
• Yu Y, Feig LA (2002). "Involvement of R-Ras and Ral GTPases in estrogen-independent proliferation of breast cancer cells". Oncogene 21 (49): 7557–68. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205961. PMID 12386818.
• Kwong L, Wozniak MA, Collins AS, Wilson SD, Keely PJ (2003). "R-Ras promotes focal adhesion formation through focal adhesion kinase and p130(Cas) by a novel mechanism that differs from integrins". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (3): 933–49. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.3.933-949.2003. PMC 140691. PMID 12529399.
• Rincón-Arano H, Rosales R, Mora N, Rodriguez-Castañeda A, Rosales C (2003). "R-Ras promotes tumor growth of cervical epithelial cells". Cancer 97 (3): 575–85. doi:10.1002/cncr.11093. PMID 12548599.
• Furuhjelm J, Peränen J (2003). "The C-terminal end of R-Ras contains a focal adhesion targeting signal". J. Cell. Sci. 116 (Pt 18): 3729–38. doi:10.1242/jcs.00689. PMID 12890755.
• Mitin NY, Ramocki MB, Zullo AJ, Der CJ, Konieczny SF, Taparowsky EJ (2004). "Identification and characterization of rain, a novel Ras-interacting protein with a unique subcellular localization". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (21): 22353–61. doi:10.1074/jbc.M312867200. PMID 15031288.