Ripley's Believe It or Not!

Robert Ripley's Believe It or Not (January 12, 1941)

Ripley's Believe It or Not! is an American franchise, founded by Robert Ripley, which deals in bizarre events and items so strange and unusual that readers might question the claims. The Believe It or Not panel proved popular and was later adapted into a wide variety of formats, including radio, television, comic books, a chain of museums and a book series. The most famous record in Ripley's is the amazing birth of Jethro Williamson, whose father was 200 years old when he was born. His father's name was Hugh Williamson.

The Ripley collection includes 20,000 photographs, 30,000 artifacts and more than 100,000 cartoon panels. With 80-plus attractions, the Orlando-based Ripley Entertainment, Inc., a division of the Jim Pattison Group, is a global company with an annual attendance of more than 12 million guests. Ripley Entertainment's publishing and broadcast divisions oversee numerous projects, including the syndicated TV series, the newspaper cartoon panel, books, posters and games.

Syndicated feature panel

Ripley first called his cartoon feature, originally involving sports feats, Champs and Chumps, and it premiered on December 19, 1918, in the New York Globe. Ripley began adding items unrelated to sports, and in October 1919, he changed the title to Believe It or Not. When the Globe folded in 1923, Ripley moved to the New York Evening Post. That same year, Ripley hired Norbert Pearlroth as his researcher, and Pearlroth spent the next 52 years of his life in the New York Public Library, working ten hours a day and six days a week in order to find unusual facts for Ripley.^[1]

Other writers and researchers included Lester Byck. In 1930, Ripley moved to the New York American and picked up by the King Features Syndicate, being quickly syndicated in an international basis.

Those working on the syndicated newspaper panel after Ripley included Joe Campbell (1946–1956), Art Sloggatt (1917–1975), Clem Gretter (1941–1949), Carl Dorese, Bob Clarke (1943–1944), Stan Randall, Paul Frehm (1938–1978; he became the full-time artist in 1949) and his brother Walter Frehm (1948–1989); Walter worked part-time with his brother Paul and became a full-time Ripley artist from 1978–1989. Paul Frehm won the National Cartoonists Society's Newspaper Panel Cartoon Award for 1976 for his work on the series. Clarke later created parodies of Believe It or Not! for Mad, as did Wally Wood and Ernie Kovacs, who also did a recurring satire called "Strangely Believe It!" on his TV programs. The current artist is John Graziano and current researcher is Sabrina Sieck.^[2]

At the peak of its popularity, the syndicated feature was read daily by about 80 million readers, and during the first three weeks of May 1932 alone, Ripley received over two million pieces of fan mail. Dozens of paperback editions reprinting the newspaper panels have been published over the decades. Other strips and books borrowed the Ripley design and format, such as Ralph Graczak's Our Own Oddities, John Hix's Strange as it Seems, and Gordon Johnston's It Happened in Canada. Recent Ripley's Believe It or Not! books containing new material have supplemented illustrations with photographs.

Peanuts creator Charles M. Schulz's first publication of artwork was published by Ripley. It was a cartoon claiming his dog was "a hunting dog who eats pins, tacks, screws, nails and razor blades." Schulz's dog Spike later became the model for Peanuts' Snoopy.

Books

Some notable books:

• Believe it or not! by Ripley The Big Little Book (1931)
• Ripley's Believe It or Not (1929), reprinted in 2004
• Ripley's Mammoth Book of Believe It or Not (1955)
• Ripley's Giant Book of Believe It or Not (1976)
• Ripley's 35th Anniversary Believe It or Not (1954)
• Ripley's 50th Anniversary Believe It or Not (1968)
• Ripley's Believe It or Not Special Edition 2012 (2011)

A series of paperback books containing annotated sketches from the newspaper feature:

• Ripley's Believe It or Not 1st Series (1941)
• Ripley's Believe It or Not 2nd Series (1948)
• Ripley's Believe It or Not 3rd Series (1954)
• Ripley's Believe It or Not 34th Series (1982)

Ripley Entertainment produces a range of books featuring unusual facts, news stories and photographs. In 2004 Ripley Entertainment founded Ripley Publishing Ltd, based in the United Kingdom, to publish new Believe It or Not titles.^[3] The company produces the New York Times bestselling Ripley's Believe It or Not! Annuals, the children’s fiction series Ripley’s RBI, an educational series called the Ripley’s Twists, the Ripley's Believe It or Not! Special Edition in conjunction with Scholastic USA and a number of other titles.^[4][5][6] At the height of his popularity Robert Ripley received thousands of letters a day from the public,^[7] and Ripley Entertainment continues to encourage submissions from readers who have strange stories and photographs that could be featured in Ripley’s Believe It or Not! books and media.^[8]

The people whose items are featured in such books as Strikingly True, have what Edward Meyer, Vice President of Exhibits and Archives at Ripley Entertainment Inc. describes as an obsession. “Whatever it is they're after, it is so important to them that all the rest of the world can go on without them. They want to make something that makes them immortal, makes them a little different than you and me.” ^[9] Despite the wide range of true and unbelievable art, sculpture, photographs, interactive devices, animal oddities, and recycled objects contained within the Ripley's collection, rarely considered are alien or witchcraft-type stories, which are, according to Meyers, difficult to prove. To be included in Ripley's Believe It or Not books, museums, or television shows, items must undergo scrutiny from Ripley's staff and be 100% authenticated.^[9]

Radio

On April 14, 1930, Ripley brought "Believe It or Not" to radio, the first of several series heard on NBC, CBS and the Mutual Broadcasting System.^[10] As noted by Ripley On Radio, Ripley's broadcasts varied in length from 15 minutes to 30 minutes and aired in numerous different formats. When Ripley's 1930 debut on The Collier Hour brought a strong listener reaction, he was given a Monday night NBC series beginning April 14, 1930, followed by a 1931–32 series airing twice a week. After his strange stories were dramatized on NBC's Saturday Party, Ripley was the host of The Baker's Broadcast from 1935 to 1937. He was scheduled in several different 1937–38 NBC timeslots and then took to the road with popular remote broadcasts. See America First with Bob Ripley (1938–40) on CBS expanded geographically into See All the Americas, a 1942 program with Latin music. In 1944, he was heard five nights a week on Mutual in shows with an emphasis on WWII. Romance, Rhythm and Ripley aired on CBS in 1945, followed by Pages from Robert L. Ripley's Radio Scrapbook (1947–48).

Robert Ripley is known for several radio firsts. He was the first to broadcast nationwide on a radio network from mid-ocean, and he also participated in the first broadcast from Buenos Aires to New York. Assisted by a corps of translators, he was the first to broadcast to every nation in the world simultaneously.^[11]

As the years went on, the show became less about oddities and featured guest-driven entertainment such as comedy routines. Sponsors over the course of the program included Pall Mall cigarettes and General Foods. The program ended its successful run in 1948 as Ripley prepared to convert the show format to television.

Films, television, internet and computer game

The newspaper feature has been adapted into more than a few films and TV shows.

Film

• Ripley hosted a series of two dozen Believe It or Not! theatrical short films between 1930 and 1932 for Warner Bros. Vitaphone. A 2-DVD release featuring 24 of these theatrical shorts is available in the USA beginning March 16, 2010 from Warner Home Video, through their Warner Archive manufacture-on-demand program.^[12] Directors on the shorts included Murray Roth (on the first five), Roy Mack and Alfred J. Goulding (latter half of second season). Leo Donnelly assisted later on commentary. The titles of the series were all numbered accordingly:
  • No. 1 / Vitaphone No. 1005, released May 4, 1930
  • No. 2 / Vitaphone No. 1038, © June 11, 1930
  • No. 3 / Vitaphone No. 1053, August 31, 1930 (Film Daily review date)
  • No. 4 / Vitaphone No. 1067, released September 5, 1930
  • No. 5 / Vitaphone No. 1093, released September 12, 1930
  • No. 6 / Vitaphone No. 1109, © November 5, 1930
  • No. 7 / Vitaphone No. 1148, © January 5, 1931
  • No. 8 / Vitaphone No. 1172, © February 20, 1931
  • No. 9 / Vitaphone No. 1189, released May 2, 1931
  • No. 10 / Vitaphone No. 1197, released July 5, 1931
  • No. 11 / Vitaphone No. 1211, released July 12, 1931
  • No. 12 / Vitaphone No. 1267, released September 1931 (with extensive travelogue footage of Egypt)
  • No. 2-1 / Vitaphone No. 1282, released November 5, 1931 (focuses on Algeria, Egypt and Morocco)
  • No. 2-2 / Vitaphone No. 1294, released December 3, 1931
  • No. 2-3 / Vitaphone No. 1304, released December 1931
  • No. 2-4 / Vitaphone No. 1320, released January 2, 1932 (features child actor Billy Hayes visiting “Believe It Or Not Land”)
  • No. 2-5 / Vitaphone No. 1336, released March 20, 1932
  • No. 2-6 / Vitaphone No. 1346, released March 13, 1932
  • No. 2-7 / Vitaphone No. 1361
  • No. 2-8 / Vitaphone No. 1362
  • No. 2-9 / Vitaphone No. 1363, © April 23, 1932
  • No. 2-10 / Vitaphone No. 1364, © April 23, 1932
  • No. 2-11 / Vitaphone No. 1412, released June 1932
  • No. 2-12 / Vitaphone No. 1427, July 1932
• He also appeared in a Vitaphone musical short, Seasons Greetings (1931), with Ruth Etting, Joe Penner, Ted Husing, Thelma White, Ray Collins, and others.
• Ripley's short films were parodied in a 1939 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon titled Believe It or Else. Released on June 25, 1939, directed by Tex Avery and written by Dave Monahan, it featured a running gag in which Egghead (a prototype Elmer Fudd) appeared to declare, "I don't believe it!" On 5 November of the same year, another Avery documentary parody, Fresh Fish, was released. Written by Jack Miller, this cartoon's running gag was a two-headed fish that kept swimming onto the screen to ask, "Pardon me, but can you tell me where I can find Mister Ripley?"
• 20th Century Fox produced another film short titled Acquitted By The Sea, released September 27, 1940, produced by Truman Talley and directed by Earl Allvine. This told an unusual story involving the Titanic.

Television

• The first Believe It or Not TV series, a live show hosted by Ripley, premiered March 1, 1949. Shortly after the 13th episode, on May 27, 1949, Ripley died of a heart attack and several of his friends substituted as host, including future Ripley's Believe It or Not! president Doug Storer. Robert St. John served as host from the second season until the series ended on October 5, 1950.
• Ripley's Believe It or Not! aired from 1982 to 1986 on the American ABC television network. Based on three pilots/specials conceived, produced and directed by Ron Lyon and Jack Haley, Jr, (1980–81) the series was a Haley/Lyon/Rastar production in association with Columbia Pictures. Featuring film star Jack Palance who hosted the popular series throughout its run, the series had three different co-hosts, who appeared from season to season, initially actress Catherine Shirriff followed by Palance's daughter, Holly Palance, later singer Marie Osmond. The 1980s series reran on the Sci-Fi Channel (UK) and Sci-Fi Channel (US) during the 1990s; it is currently airing on NBCUniversal's horror/suspense-themed cable channel Chiller.
• An animated series, Ripley's Believe It or Not!, was produced for Fox Family in 1999 and followed the adventures of "Michael Ripley", Robert Ripley's nephew. The show was aimed at a younger audience, and would often feature Michael going around the world.^[13]
• The most recent series based upon the comic strip, once again titled Ripley's Believe It or Not! aired from 2000 to 2003 on TBS. Hosted by actor Dean Cain, executive-produced by Dan Jbara and co-executive-produced by Dennis Lortz, the series took a slightly more sensationalistic approach to its subject matter and "premiered as the highest-rated original series on cable" at that time.^[14] The series was cancelled in October 2003 after four seasons. Like the previous syndicated live-action series, this latest edition moved to the Biography Channel for reruns, and continues to air today.
• In 2006, the Philippines made a local adaptation of Ripley's Believe it or Not! with a local host. ABC 5 (now known as TV5) was the first to make it with Raymond Bagatsing as host. The show however was short-lived.
• In 2008, GMA Network bought the rights and revived Ripley's in the Philippines. This time Chris Tiu of the Ateneo Blue Eagles was chosen as host. It is part of the "Bilib Ka Ba? Nights" ("Do You Believe? Nights") Block of the Network which premiered August 18, 2008.

Internet and games

• In 2006, the Ripleys.com website held a "Dear Mr. Ripley" contest in which contestants submitted "unbelievable" stories and with a public vote selecting a winner. The submissions included stories about a two-faced kitten, a car hurdler, a painting on human flesh canvas, a snake swallowing a golfball, an unopened deck of cards in a thin-necked bottle, a collector of Converse shoes with over 400 pairs, a man who survived a dumptruck falling on him, a painting made of nail polish, a child who played sports while hopping on a pogo stick, and a tongue swallower. The winners were announced on December 15, 2006.
• In 2003, a Ripley's Believe It or Not! pinball machine was released.^[15]
• The point and click adventure game Ripley's Believe It or Not!: The Riddle of Master Lu was published and developed by Sanctuary Woods, and released in 1995.

Museums

Ripley's Believe It Or Not museum at Innovative Film City in Bangalore, India.

When Ripley first displayed his collection to the public at the Chicago World's Fair in 1933, it was labeled Ripley’s Odditorium and attracted over two million visitors during the run of the fair. (In an apparent promotional gimmick, beds were provided in the Odditorium for people who "fainted" daily.) That successful exhibition led to trailer shows across the country during the 1930s, and Ripley's collections were exhibited at many major fairs and expositions, including San Francisco, San Diego, Dallas and Cleveland. In New York, the famed Times Square exhibit opened in 1939 on Broadway. In 1950, a year after Ripley's death, the first permanent Odditorium opened in St. Augustine, Florida.

As of December 2010, there are 32 Ripley's Believe It or Not! Odditoriums around the world. Odditoriums, in the spirit of Believe It or Not!, are often more than simple museums cluttered with curiosities. Some include theaters and arcades, such as the ones in Gatlinburg, Tennessee and Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin. Others are constructed oddly, such as the Orlando, Florida Odditorium which is built off-level as if the building is sinking. Expected to open summer 2016 is the first Odditorium in the Netherlands, at Dam square in Amsterdam.

Asia

(Alphabetical, by country)

• Victoria Peak, Hong Kong (closed) – There was an Auditorium in The Peak.
• Bangalore, India – This Ripley's Museum is at the Innovative Film city.
• Jakarta, Indonesia (closed) - This Ripley's museum was located in Pondok Indah Mall
• Kuwait City, Kuwait (closed)– This Ripley's museum was located in the Hadiqat Al Sheaab Amusement Park.
• Genting Highlands, Malaysia – This Ripley's museum is inside the First World Plaza.
• Mandaluyong City, Philippines (closed) – This Ripley's museum was in the Shangri-La Mall in Ortigas.
• Jeju Island, South Korea - This Ripley’s museum is located at the Jeju Jungmun resort.
• Pattaya, Thailand – This Ripley's museum is in Royal Garden Plaza in Pattaya. It appears as if an airplane has crashed into it.

Europe

Denmark

• Copenhagen – This Ripley's museum is a smaller one located close to the city hall and next to the giant bronze statue of Jacob McCartney Walters.

United Kingdom

• London – This Ripley's museum is the world's largest and it opened on August 20, 2008 at the London Pavilion, 1 Piccadilly Circus. It houses over 500 exhibits from educational artifacts to the truly weird and wonderful. It is famed for its large collection of Marilyn Monroe personal belongings and interactive exhibits.
• Blackpool – This Ripley's museum was the first and is based in the popular holiday destination of Blackpool.
• Great Yarmouth (closed) – There was an Odditorium in Great Yarmouth on the east coast of England. It opened in 1993 and closed in 1997.^[16] It is now an indoor miniature golf course that uses some of the leftovers from the Odditorium as scenery for the holes.

North America

Canada

Ripley's in Niagara Falls, Ontario

• Cavendish, Prince Edward Island – This Ripley's museum is located in a concentrated area of tourist attractions adjacent to the Prince Edward Island National Park. A lighthouse (the top broken) features the Ripley's sign. The museum is adjoined to a wax museum and also features a mini-golf attraction.
• Niagara Falls, Ontario – This Ripley's museum is shaped like the Empire State Building fallen over, with King Kong standing on top of it. This is the second oldest Ripley's Museum in the world and is one of two in Canada. Starting in November 2015, the museum has been closed for major renovations and is expected to re-open in May 2016. The newly updated museum will become the largest and most valuable museum for the company. Located across the street is a Ripley's 4D Moving Theatre, and up the street there is a Louis Tussauds Wax Works which is owned by Ripley's.
• Toronto, Ontario - The Ripley's Aquarium of Canada opened in October 2013 next to the CN Tower and Metro Toronto Convention Centre.^[17] The 150,000-square-foot (14,000 m²) structure boasts the longest underwater tunnel in North America.

Mexico

• Guadalajara – Opened in 1994 ^[18] this Ripley's museum is a small one like Mexico City's location. It is near downtown.
• Mexico City – Opened in 1992, this Ripley's museum is shaped like a medieval castle and has 14 exhibition halls within it. This was the first of three locations to open in Latin America.

United States

St. Augustine, Florida Odditorium

Panama City Beach, Florida Odditorium

Ripley's shark being produced

California

• Buena Park (closed) – This Ripley's Museum was located in Buena Park's E-Zone district on Beach Boulevard, close to Knott's Berry Farm. This is the location where Steve Sindad broke the world record for consuming ranch dressing, drinking 61 bottles worth (about 7 gallons). It closed its doors on March 30, 2009.
• Hollywood – This Ripley's Museum is on Hollywood Boulevard.
• San Francisco – This Ripley's Museum is located near Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco.

Florida

• Key West – This Ripley's Museum is located on the famous Duval Street.
• Orlando – This museum is located on the busy International Drive tourist corridor, and is built to appear as though it is dropping into a sinkhole.
• Panama City Beach – Opened in 2006, this Ripley's Museum is at the intersection of Front Beach Road, Middle Beach Road, and Thomas Drive on Panama City Beach and is designed to look like a 1950s luxury cruise liner that has run aground on the beach. It also has a moving 4-D theater.
• St. Augustine – It is the oldest Ripley's Believe It or Not! and is located in the Castle Warden, was purchased shortly after his death in 1949 and opened in 1950. Prior to becoming home to his vast collections from his many travels, "The Castle", as it is known, was once a hotel which played host to many famous guests, including Ripley himself and author/owner Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings. It was originally a Moorish Revival style mansion, built in 1887 by millionaire William Warden as a winter home. Its popularity and success led Ripley's associates to open new establishments throughout the United States and the world. Perhaps not surprisingly, it is also rumored to be haunted. Segments of the most recent Ripley's TV series were filmed here, including the opening credits. Among the attractions here are a mummified cat, a 1/12 scale model of the original Ferris wheel made out of Erector sets, life and death masks of famous celebrities (including Abraham Lincoln), and shamanistic apparati from cultures around the world.

Illinois

• Chicago - The Museum on Wells Street in the Chicago Old Town area closed in 1987.

Maryland

Ripley's Believe It or Not! in Ocean City, Maryland

• Baltimore – This Ripley's Museum opened June 26, 2012, in the Light Street Pavilion of Harborplace on the Inner Harbor.
• Ocean City – This Ripley's Museum is located on the boardwalk at Wicomico Street. It is a popular destination for tourists and it sits at the entrance to Jolly Roger's Pier Amusement Park. It features a large model of a shark that appears as if it has crashed through the museum.

Missouri

• Branson – This Ripley's museum looks like a stone edifice that was cracked by an earthquake.

New Jersey

• Atlantic City – The Ripley's museum is on the famous Boardwalk.

New York

• New York City – This location reopened in Manhattan on 42nd Street in July 2007. This is the largest Ripley's in the world, housing over 1000 authentic artifacts and interactive exhibits.

Oregon

• Newport – This Ripley's museum was funded by Jacob Walters and built in 1986. It is at the Historic Bayfront and one of three amusements known as Mariner Square. The other two are the Wax Works and the Undersea Gardens.

South Carolina

Odditorium in Myrtle Beach

• Myrtle Beach – This Ripley's museum looks like a building cracked by a hurricane, located near the center of Myrtle Beach's celebrated Ocean Boulevard. Also in Myrtle Beach you will find one of their 5D Motion Theaters, a mirror maze, Ripley's Haunted Adventure, and Ripley's Aquarium of Myrtle Beach.

Tennessee

• Gatlinburg – The original museum, built in 1970, was destroyed by a massive fire caused by a faulty light fixture in a neighboring shop on July 14, 1992. It had to be completely rebuilt. Some of Ripley's most prized and unique possessions were consumed by the blaze. The current museum opened in 1994, with a tribute to the city's firefighters included among the collections. Artifacts salvaged from the blaze sport "I Survived The Fire" decals. It also has nearly twice the amount of exhibit space as the original. As with some other Ripley museums, it has a theme. It looks as if it has survived a major earthquake. Its interior and exterior feature cracks throughout, adhering to the theme. The Ripley's Company has since opened several other attractions in the area, including a "four-dimensional" theater, a state-of-the-art aquarium, a haunted factory, several arcades, two miniature golf courses, and a mirror maze all of which carry the Ripley's brand name and signature logo.

Texas

• El Paso - (closed) This Ripley's Museum is located at 7051 S Desert Blvd. in Canutillo, Texas.
• Grand Prairie – This Ripley’s Museum is located at 601 East Safari Parkway in Grand Prairie, Texas. It is west of downtown Dallas on IH-30 and is on the northwest intersection of Belt Line Road and IH-30, 7 miles (11 km) east of Six Flags Over Texas.
• San Antonio – This Ripley's Museum is located across from the historic Alamo. In the same building is a wax museum, and just a short walk down the road is Ripley's Haunted Adventure.

Virginia

• Williamsburg – This Ripley's Museum opened in 2006. It has 11 galleries and over 350 exhibits. There is also a 4D theater that shows 3D movies with added effects (air, water, scent, etc.).

Wisconsin

• Wisconsin Dells – This Ripley's museum looks like a plane flew through the front and has a car parked on the side. It is located in the Downtown Strip.

Wyoming

• Jackson – (closed) This Ripley's Museum is in Jackson, Wyoming.

Oceania

Australia

• Gold Coast – This Ripley's museum is located at the popular tourist destination Surfers Paradise. It reopened in the new Soul Centre on January 22, 2010, featuring a band of human oddities playing songs at the entrance.

Inaccuracies

Authorities at the company insist that they thoroughly investigate everything and ensure their accuracy before they publish their research. This is emphasized on their television show, where they often say "If you see it on Ripley's, you can bet that it's real". However, two myths dispelled by MythBusters using the scientific method have appeared in their books. One myth which had previously appeared in Ripley's books, concerning an accidental execution of 1,200 Turkish prisoners, has had its accuracy called into question by Snopes.^[19] If one sends a letter questioning an inaccuracy they will receive a card that says "Believe It or Not!"

Ripley's has reported the urban legend of Frank Tower - an individual who was supposed to have survived the sinking of the RMS Titanic, RMS Empress of Ireland, and RMS Lusitania - as being factual. However, this story has been debunked by several sources.^[20][21]

See also

• Strange as It Seems, rival publication
• Hananuma Masakichi statue – one of the most famous Ripley artifacts: a statue of a man which is indistinguishable from his creator.
• Museum of Jurassic Technology, rival odd displays
• Roy Sullivan, the Human Lightning Conductor
• Garbage Pail Kids, a series of grotesque characters that parodied Ripley's in the 9th series with strange "Would We Lie to You?" comic strips about other GPKs from previous series.

References

1. "Norbert Pearlroth, 89, Researcher For 52 Years For 'Believe It Or Not'". New York Times. April 15, 1983. Retrieved 2015-01-11. Norbert Pearlroth, who combed hundreds of thousands of books in the New York Public Library over 52 years as sole researcher for Ripley's Believe It or Not, died of heart and kidney diseases Thursday at Maimonides Hospital in Brooklyn. He was 89 years old and lived in Brooklyn. ...
2. http://www.gocomics.com/ripleysbelieveitornot
3. "Ripley sets up in UK". theBookseller.com. 2008-03-13. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
4. "BEST SELLERS: ADVICE, HOW TO AND MISCELLANEOUS: Sunday, December 27th 2009". The New York Times. December 27, 2009.
5. "Ripley Publishing launches fiction series". theBookseller.com. 2010-02-26. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
6. "Random does the Twist". theBookseller.com. 2009-04-14. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
7. Hartzman, Marc. "Robert L Ripley | Interviews | Entertainment | Bizarre Magazine UK". Bizarremag.com. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
8. "Send Us Your Stuff!". Ripley Entertainment, Inc. Archived from the original on 2009-10-05. Retrieved 2012-03-14.
9. "Maynard's Spooky Action...An Interview with Edward Meyer from Ripley's Believe It or Not". The Skeptic Zone. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
10. Dunning, John. (1998). On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507678-3. Pp. 76-78.
11. "Old Time Radio Shows - Ripley's Believe It or Not! (1930)". Matinee Classics. 1930-04-14. Retrieved 2012-03-28.
12. "Ripley's Believe It or Not (1930–32) (2 DVD Set)". WBshop.com.
13. "Ripley's Believe It or Not! The Animated Series". 14 July 1999.
14. "Ripley's Believe It or Not! – Official Site – Cast & Producers Bio". Sonypictures.com. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
15. "Internet Pinball Machine Database: Stern 'Ripley's Believe It or Not!®'". June 9, 2012.
16. "Believe it or not, collection has gone overseas". "Great Yarmouth Mercury". February 28, 1997. Archived from the original on 2004-11-28.
17. "Work On New Aquarium Could Start This Year - CityNews". Citytv.com. Retrieved 2012-03-28.
18. "Museo de cera". Museo de cera. Retrieved 2012-03-28.
19. "Ma Sacrée Toux!". snopes.com. Retrieved 2010-10-20.
20. Spignes, Stephen J. (2012), "The Titanic For Dummies", John Wiley & Sons, Inc., retrieved 1 August 2014
21. Molony, Senan (2004), "On the Trail of 'Lucky' Tower", Encyclopedia Titanica, retrieved 1 August 2014

External links

• Ripley Entertainment, Inc.
• Inventory of the Doug and Hazel Anderson Storer Collection, 1920s–2003, in the Southern Historical Collection, UNC-Chapel Hill
• National Cartoonist Society Award, 1976: Paul Frehm
• Toonopedia: Ripley's Believe It or Not!