Shikimate kinase

A cartoon representation of shikimate kinase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. α-Helices are shown in red, the central β-sheet in yellow, and loops in green

Identifiers

EC number

2.7.1.71

Databases

PDB structures

AmiGO / EGO

Search
PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins

Shikimate kinase (EC 2.7.1.71) is an enzyme that catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of shikimate to form shikimate 3-phosphate. This reaction is the fifth step of the shikimate pathway,^[1] which is used by plants and bacteria to synthesize the common precursor of aromatic amino acids and secondary metabolites. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:shikimate 3-phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include shikimate kinase (phosphorylating), and shikimate kinase II.

Background

The shikimate pathway consists of seven enzymatic reactions by which phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose 4-phosphate are converted to chorismate, the common precursor of the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. The aromatic amino acids are used in the synthesis of proteins and, in plants, fungi, and bacteria, give rise to a number of other specialized metabolites, such as phenylpropanoids and alkaloids. Chorismate and several other intermediates of the pathway serve as precursors for a number of other metabolites, such as folates, quinates, and quinones. The four enzymes that precede shikimate kinase in the pathway are DAHP synthase, 3-dehydroquinate synthase, 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase, and shikimate dehydrogenase, and the two that follow it are EPSP synthase and chorismate synthase. The shikimate pathway is not found in humans and other animals, which must obtain the aromatic amino acids from their food.

Activity

The reaction catalyzed by shikimate kinase is shown below:

A space-filling model of shikimate kinase with ADP and shikimate 3-phosphate bound.

This reaction involves the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to the 3-hydroxyl group of shikimate. Shikimate kinase thus has two substrates, shikimate and ATP, and two products, shikimate 3-phosphate and ADP.

Human proteins containing this domain

MAPK7; THNSL1;

References

↑ Herrmann, K. M.; Weaver, L. M. (1999). "The Shikimate Pathway". Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 50: 473–503. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.473. PMID 15012217.

Morell H, Sprinson DB (1968). "Shikimate kinase isoenzymes in Salmonella typhimurium". J. Biol. Chem. 243 (3): 676–7. PMID 4866525.
Hartmann MD, Bourenkov GP, Oberschall A, Strizhov N, Bartunik HD (2006). "Mechanism of phosphoryl transfer catalyzed by shikimate kinase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.". J. Mol. Biol. 364 (3): 411–23. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.09.001. PMID 17020768.

Transferases: phosphorus-containing groups (EC 2.7)

2.7.1-2.7.4:
phosphotransferase/kinase
(PO₄)

2.7.1: OH acceptor	Hexo- Gluco- Fructo- Hepatic Galacto- Phosphofructo- 1 Liver Muscle Platelet 2 Riboflavin Shikimate Thymidine ADP-thymidine NAD⁺ Glycerol Pantothenate Mevalonate Pyruvate Deoxycytidine PFP Diacylglycerol Phosphoinositide 3 Class I PI 3 Class II PI 3 Sphingosine Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase

2.7.2: COOH acceptor	Phosphoglycerate Aspartate kinase

2.7.3: N acceptor	Creatine

2.7.4: PO₄ acceptor	Phosphomevalonate Adenylate Nucleoside-diphosphate Uridylate Guanylate Thiamine-diphosphate

2.7.6: diphosphotransferase
(P₂O₇)

2.7.7: nucleotidyltransferase
(PO₄-nucleoside)

Polymerase

DNA polymerase	DNA-directed DNA polymerase I II III IV V RNA-directed DNA polymerase Reverse transcriptase Telomerase DNA nucleotidylexotransferase/Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase

RNA nucleotidyltransferase	RNA polymerase/DNA-directed RNA polymerase RNA polymerase I RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase III RNA polymerase IV Primase RNA-dependent RNA polymerase PNPase

Phosphorolytic
3' to 5' exoribonuclease

Nucleotidyltransferase

Guanylyltransferase

mRNA capping enzyme

Other

2.7.8: miscellaneous

Phosphatidyltransferases	CDP-diacylglycerol—glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase CDP-diacylglycerol—serine O-phosphatidyltransferase CDP-diacylglycerol—inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase CDP-diacylglycerol—choline O-phosphatidyltransferase

Glycosyl-1-phosphotransferase	N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase

2.7.10-2.7.13: protein kinase
(PO₄; protein acceptor)

2.7.10: protein-tyrosine	see tyrosine kinases

2.7.11: protein-serine/threonine	see serine/threonine-specific protein kinases

2.7.12: protein-dual-specificity	see serine/threonine-specific protein kinases

2.7.13: protein-histidine	Protein-histidine pros-kinase Protein-histidine tele-kinase Histidine kinase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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