Chunfen

See also: Vernal equinox
Solar term
  Longitude    Term     Calendar
  Spring
  315°  Lichun  4 – 5 February
  330°  Yushui  18–19 February
  345°  Jingzhe  5 – 6 March
   Chunfen  20–21 March
  15°  Qingming  4 – 5 April
  30°  Guyu  20–21 April
  Summer
  45°  Lixia  5 – 6 May
  60°  Xiaoman  21–22 May
  75°  Mangzhong  5 – 6 June
  90°  Xiazhi  21–22 June
  105°  Xiaoshu  7 – 8 July
  120°  Dashu  22–23 July
  Autumn
  135°  Liqiu  7 – 8 August
  150°  Chushu  23–24 August
  165°  Bailu  7 – 8 September
  180°  Qiufen  23–24 September
  195°  Hanlu  8 – 9 October
  210°  Shuangjiang    23–24 October
  Winter
  225°  Lidong  7 – 8 November
  240°  Xiaoxue  22–23 November
  255°  Daxue  7 – 8 December
  270°  Dongzhi  21–22 December
  285°  Xiaohan  5 – 6 January
  300°  Dahan  20–21 January

The traditional East Asian calendars divide a year into 24 solar terms (節氣). Chūnfēn (pīnyīn), Shunbun (rōmaji), or Chunbun/Ch'unbun (romaja) (Chinese and Japanese: 春分; Korean: 춘분; Vietnamese: Xuân phân; literally: "vernal equinox") is the 4th solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 0° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 15°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 0°. In the Gregorian calendar, it usually begins around 20 March and ends around 4 April (5 April East Asia time).

Pentads

Date and Time (UTC)
year begin end
辛巳 2001-03-20 13:30 2001-04-04 17:24
壬午 2002-03-20 19:16 2002-04-04 23:18
癸未 2003-03-21 00:59 2003-04-05 04:52
甲申 2004-03-20 06:48 2004-04-04 10:43
乙酉 2005-03-20 12:33 2005-04-04 16:34
丙戌 2006-03-20 18:25 2006-04-04 22:15
丁亥 2007-03-21 00:07 2007-04-05 04:04
戊子 2008-03-20 05:48 2008-04-04 09:45
己丑 2009-03-20 11:43 2009-04-04 15:33
庚寅 2010-03-20 17:32 2010-04-04 21:30
辛卯 2011-03-20 23:20 2011-04-05 03:11
壬辰 2012-03-20 05:14 2012-04-04 09:05
癸巳 2013-03-20 11:01 2013-04-04 15:02
甲午 2014-03-20 16:57 2014-04-04 20:46

Source: JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System

Each solar term can be divided into 3 pentads (候). They are: first pentad (初候), second pentad (次候) and last pentad (末候). Pentads in Chunfen include:

China
Japan

A pentad as follows was referred to Japanese traditional calendar presented in a smaller, easy to use, format.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Kondō Heijō (近藤瓶城), ed. (1901). 新加纂録類 (Shinka Sanrokurui). 改定史籍集覧 (Kaitei Shiseki Shūran) 19. (Meiji 34) (Tokyo: 近藤活版所 (Kondō Kappansho)). p. 110.
  2. 1 2 3 Fujisawa, Morihiko (1961). 年中行事編 (Nenjū Gyōjihen). 図説日本民俗学全集 (Zusetsu Nihon Minzokugaku Zenshū) 7 (Tokyo: Akane Shobō). p. 103.


Preceded by
Jingzhe (驚蟄)
Solar term (節氣) Succeeded by
Qingming (清明)
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Friday, April 01, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.