Metro station

For the American band, see Metro Station (band).
Outside the Consolação Metro station on Paulista Avenue in São Paulo, Brazil.
Georg-Brauchle-Ring station of the Munich U-Bahn, Germany.
Every station of the Paris Métro Line 14 in France has automatic platform screen doors.
Display of archeological relics found during construction in Athens Metro, part of the Syntagma Metro Station Archaeological Collection.
The Line 4 in Budapest, Hungary.
Inside a Delhi Metro station
Glassart in Formosa Boulevard Station in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

A metro station or subway station is a railway station for a rapid transit system, often known by names such as "metro", "underground" and "subway". Such a station can be elevated, underground, or about ground level depending on the level of the train tracks. At crossings of metro lines, they are multi-level. There are entrances/exits at ground/street level, often with stairs or sometimes ramps or escalators leading to any elevated or lowered track level area.

At street level the logo of the metro company marks the entrance of the station, along with the schematics of the services at the station. Some metro operators also post the station name at the station entrance. Often there are several entrances for one station, saving one from having to cross the street. In such a case, tunnels or overhead stations can often also be used just to cross the street.

In some cases metro stations are connected to important buildings by a direct enclosed hallway (see underground city).

Some metro systems, such as those of Naples, Stockholm, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tashkent, Kiev,[1] Montreal, Kaohsiung and Prague are famous for the beautiful architecture and public art. The Paris Métro is famous for its art nouveau station entrances; while the Athens Metro is known for its display of archeological relics found during construction.

Metro stations, more so than railway and bus stations, often have a characteristic artistic design that can identify each stop. Some have sculptures or frescoes. For example, London's Baker Street station is adorned with tiles depicting Sherlock Holmes. The tunnel for Paris' Concorde station is decorated with tiles spelling the Déclaration des Droits de l'Homme et du Citoyen. Every metro station in Valencia, Spain has a different sculpture on the ticket-hall level. Alameda station is decorated with fragments of white tile, like the dominant style of the Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències. On the Tyne and Wear Metro, the station at Newcastle United's home ground St James' Park is decorated in the clubs famous black and white stripes. Each station of the Red Line and Purple Line subway in Los Angeles was built with different artwork and decorating schemes, such as murals, tile artwork and sculptural benches. Every station of the Mexico City Metro is prominently identified by a unique icon in addition to its name, because most of its users were illiterate at the time the system was designed.

However, it is not always the case that metro operators strive to make all stations artistically unique. Sir Norman Foster's new system in Bilbao, Spain uses the same modern architecture at every station to make navigation easier for the passenger, though some may argue that this is at the expense of character.

In some stations, especially where trains are fully automated, the entire platform is screened from the track by a wall, typically of glass, with automatic platform-edge doors (PEDs). These open, like elevator doors, only when a train is stopped, and thus eliminate the hazard that a passenger will accidentally fall (or deliberately jump) onto the tracks and be run over or electrocuted.

Control over ventilation of the platform is also improved, allowing it to be heated or cooled without having to do the same for the tunnels. The doors add cost and complexity to the system, and trains may have to approach the station more slowly so they can stop in accurate alignment with them.

The largest and most complex metro station in the world is the Paris Métro-RER station Châtelet-Les Halles in France.[2]

The metro station with the highest elevation above-ground in the world is New York City's Smith–Ninth Streets station of the New York City Subway in the United States.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Metro Arts and Architecture". Metro Bits. Retrieved 2006-12-04.
  2. ↑ http://www.ratp.fr/common/ressources/concertation_p1.pdf
  3. ↑ http://www.mta.info/news/stories/?story=177

External links

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