Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA)
स्वच्छ भारत अभियान

India + Cleanliness
Slogan One step towards cleanliness
Country India
Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Launched 2 October 2014 (2014-10-02)
Rajghat, New Delhi
Website swachhbharat.mygov.in
Status: Active

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (English: Clean India Mission) and abbreviated as SBA or SBM for "Swachh Bharat Mission" is a national campaign by the Government of India, covering 4,041 statutory cities and towns, to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the country.[1][2][3]

The campaign was officially launched on 2 October 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi, where Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself cleaned the road. It was performed in remembrance of Mahatma Gandhi's words. It is India's biggest ever cleanliness drive and 3 million government employees and school and college students of India participated in this event.[4][5]

Background

With effect from 1 April 1999, the Government of India restructured the Comprehensive Rural Sanitation Programme and launched the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) which was later (on 1 April 2012) renamed Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA).[6][7]

On 2 October 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Swachh Bharat Mission, which aims to eradicate open defecation by 2019,[8] thus restructuring the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan.[7] Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national campaign, covering 4,041 statutory cities and towns.[9]

Toilets

The government is aiming to achieve an Open-Defecation Free (ODF) India by 2 October 2019, the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, by constructing 12 crore toilets in rural India, at a projected cost of ₹1.96 lakh crore (US$29 billion).[10][11] Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke of the need for toilets in his 2014 Independence Day speech stating,

Has it ever pained us that our mothers and sisters have to defecate in open? Poor womenfolk of the village wait for the night; until darkness descends, they can`t go out to defecate. What bodily torture they must be feeling, how many diseases that act might engender. Can't we just make arrangements for toilets for the dignity of our mothers and sisters?
— Narendra Modi

Modi also spoke of the need for toilets in schools during the campaign for 2014 Jammu and Kashmir state elections stating,

When the girl student reaches the age where she realises this lack of female toilets in the school she leaves her education midway. As they leave their education midway they remain uneducated. Our daughters must also get equal chance to quality education. After 60 years of independence there should have been separate toilets for girl students in every school. But for the past 60 years they could not provide separate toilets to girls and as result the female students had to leave their education midway.[12]
— Narendra Modi

As of May 2015, 14 companies including Tata Consulting Services, Mahindra Group and Rotary International have pledged to construct 3,195 new toilets. As of the same month, 71 Public Sector Undertakings in India supported the construction of 86,781 new toilets.[13]

Finance

BSE contributes ₹1.01 crore (US$150,000) to Swachh Bharat Kosh

The programme has also received funding and technical support from the World Bank, corporations as part of corporate social responsibility initiatives, and by state governments under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan schemes.[11] Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is expected to cost over ₹620 billion (US$9.2 billion).[3][14] The government provides an incentive of ₹12,000 (US$180) for each toilet constructed by a BPL family.[10] Total fund mobilised under Swachh Bharat Kosh (SBK) as on 31 January 2016 stood at ₹3.69 billion (US$55 million).[15] An amount of ₹90 billion (US$1.3 billion) was allocated for the mission in 2016 Union budget of India.[9]

Government and the World Bank signed a US$1.5 billion loan agreement on 30 March 2016 for the Swachh Bharat Mission to support India's universal sanitation initiative. The World Bank will also provide a parallel $25 million technical assistance to build the capacity of select states in implementing community-led behavioural change programmes targeting social norms to help ensure widespread usage of toilets by rural households.[8]

Ambassadors

Manisha Koirala at Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in November 2014
Cyclist on nationwide yatra to generate awareness about Swachhta Abhiyan, calls on Prime Minister Narendra Modi

Selected public figures

Modi selected 9 public figures to propagate this campaign.[16][17] They are:

Urban Development Minister M. Venkaiah Naidu picked up a broom to help clean the cyclone-hit port city of Visakhapatnam in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh, as part of the cleanliness campaign.[18][19]

Brand ambassadors

File:PM Modi participates in Shramdaan as part of Swachhta Abhiyan at Assi Ghat, Varanasi

Venkaiah Naidu listed brand ambassadors in various fields:

On 2 October 2014, Prime Minister Modi nominated nine people including

He also nominated some organisations, including the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Eenadu and India Today besides dabbawala of Mumbai, who deliver home-made food to lakhs of people in the city.

On 8 November 2014, Modi carried the message to Uttar Pradesh and nominated another set of nine people for the state.[22][23]

More than 3 million government employees and school and college students are to participate in the drive.[4][24]

Performance

Between April 2014 and January 2015, 31.83 lakh toilets were built. Karnataka led all States in construction of toilets under the programme, while Punjab built the least.[11] As of August 2015, 80 lakh toilets have been constructed under the program.[25] As of 18 March 2016, 10 districts in India were ODF.[10]

Plans

The Ministry of Railways is planning to have the facility of cleaning on demand, clean bed-rolls from automatic laundries, bio-toilets, dustbins in all non-AC coaches.[26] The Centre may use its Digital India project in conjunction with the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to have solar-powered trash cans like in many US cities which send alerts to sanitation crew once they are full.[27]

Other activities

Run

A Swachh Bharat Run was organized at the Rashtrapati Bhavan on 2 October 2014. According to a statement from the Rashtrapati Bhavan around 1500 people participated and the event was flagged off by President Pranab Mukherjee. Participants in the run included officers and their families.[28]

Apps

Real-time monitoring

The government will be launching a nationwide real-time monitoring system for toilets constructed under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. For this the government of India is bringing awareness among the people through advertisements. With this system, the government aims to attain a fully open defecation free India by 2019.[32]

Updates from NGOs

While growing interest in progress of the mission, both private companies as well as government started releasing progress reports. Swachh Bharat app Tumblr feed[33] provides updates from Individual groups, corporates and Twitter users in general about group cleaning events, status of cleanliness across India and opinions on the objectives of Clean India mission. A recent study by Public Affairs Centre finds that participation of beneficiaries in their toilet construction ensures better usage.[34]

List of clean cities

[35]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Swachh Bharat campaign should become mass movement: Narendra Modi". The Economic Times. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  2. ↑ "PM reviews preparations for launch of Mission Swachh Bharat". Retrieved 7 October 2014.
  3. 1 2 "Swachh Bharat: PM Narendra Modi launches 'Clean India' mission". Zee News. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  4. 1 2 "Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: PM Narendra Modi to wield broom to give India a new image". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  5. ↑ "As it happened: PM Narendra Modi's 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan'". Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  6. ↑ "Time to clean up your act", Hindustan Times
  7. 1 2 "Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan failed to achieve its desired targets: CAG", Mint, 16 December 2015
  8. 1 2 "India, World Bank sign $1.5 billion loan pact for Swachh Bharat Mission", The Economic Times, 30 March 2016
  9. 1 2 "Budget 2016: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan gets Rs 9,000 crore", The Economic Times, 29 February 2016
  10. 1 2 3 "MDWS Intensifies Efforts with States to Implement Swachh Bharat Mission", Business Standard, 18 March 2016
  11. 1 2 3 "Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan: Government builds 7.1 lakh toilets in January". timesofindia-economictimes.
  12. ↑ "Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan: PM Modi govt builds 7.1 lakh toilets in January". Firstpost.
  13. ↑ "Saffron Agenda for Green Capitalism? - Swarajya". Swarajya.
  14. ↑ "PM Modi's 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyan' set for mega launch Thursday; schools, offices gear up for event". Zee News.
  15. ↑ "Modi government mobilises Rs 370 crore under Swachh Bharat Kosh", The Economic Times, 11 March 2016
  16. ↑ "PM Modi's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: Anil Ambani dedicates himself to the movement". 2 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  17. ↑ "PM launches Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan". 2 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  18. ↑ "Venkaiah Naidu picked up the broom to clean cyclone-hit port city of Visakhapatnam - indtoday.com - indtoday.com". indtoday.com. Archived from the original on 24 October 2014.
  19. ↑ Naidu picked up the broom to clean cyclone-hit port city of Visakhapatnam
  20. 1 2 admin. "swachh bharat brand ambassador List". Telangana State Portal - Latest News Updates.
  21. ↑ "Lakshmi Manchu Is Telangana Swachh Bharat's Brand Ambassador" MovieNewz.in,Retrieved 04.09.2015
  22. ↑ "PM India". Prime Minister's Office. 8 November 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
  23. ↑ "Press Information Bureau". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 8 November 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
  24. ↑ "Swachh Bharat campaign is beyond politics, PM Narendra Modi says". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  25. ↑ "PM Modi fulfils promise of 80 lakh toilets, but not many takers in rural India".
  26. ↑ "'Railway Budget Aligned to PM Modi's Vision for Digital India'", The New Indian Express, 5 March 2016
  27. ↑ "When Swachh Bharat met Digital India: Now solar-powered trash cans to send alerts when full", The Economic Times, 18 March 2016
  28. ↑ "Swachh Bharat Run organized at Rashtrapati Bhavan". The Times of India.
  29. ↑ "Desi companies beat Facebook in 'Swachh' apps race". The Times of India.
  30. ↑ "This Indian App Could Change How People Talk To Their Government". Vocativ.
  31. ↑ "This App Is Trying To Keep The Indian Streets Clean". Inc42.
  32. ↑ "Swachh Bharat goes hi-tech, govt to track toilet use with iPads". The Hindu. 31 December 2014.
  33. ↑ "Swachh Bharat App - News, Videos, Songs & Opinions on Clean India".
  34. ↑ "PAC • Benchmarking Citizen Report Card On NBA/SBM". pacindia.org. Retrieved 2015-11-17.
  35. ↑ "Chandigarh Declared Second Cleanest City of India in 2016 Swachh Bharat Survey". Chandigarh Metro. Retrieved 2016-02-16.

External links

Media related to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan at Wikimedia Commons

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